ʻO nā aʻa kahiko o ka māmele, i ʻike ʻia no kona kala onionio kūikawā, e moe ana i ka wā kahiko o ʻApelika. ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ka inoa ponoʻī o ka zebra, ua nalowale ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo i nā noe o ka manawa.
Akā ʻo ka lole ʻōniʻoniʻo o kahi "lio onionio" e noho ana ma kahi ʻāina mamao loa, ʻike nui ʻia ia e kahi keiki. Inoa Mamala zebra loaʻa he manaʻo hou e pili ana i ka fickleness o ke ola.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Hoʻohui ka holoholona i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoki a me ka lio. He holoholona ʻo Zebra liʻiliʻi i ka nui, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 2 m, ke kaumaha a hiki i 360 kg. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā mares, ʻo ko lākou kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe he 1.6 m.
ʻO ke kūkulu paʻa, nā pepeiao kiʻekiʻe, a me kahi huelo lōʻihi e hōʻike i nā ʻano o ka hoki maʻamau. I kahi zebra, aia kahi mane o nā lauoho pokole o kahi ʻano paʻa i kū i luna. ʻO kahi kāhulu huluhulu e hoʻonaninani i ke poʻo, e kīloi ma ke kua i ka hiʻu.
Haʻahaʻa nā wāwae, mānoanoa, hoʻoikaika me nā hooves ikaika. Lele wikiwiki nā holoholona, a i 75 km / h, ʻoiai he haʻahaʻa lākou ma mua o nā lio i ka wikiwiki. ʻO nā hana holo me nā huli ʻoi loa, kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana i nā neʻe e hōʻalo i ka alualu ʻana. ʻOi aku ka Zebras ma mua o nā predators nui i ka hakakā ma muli o ka ikaika o ke kino a me ka hoʻomanawanui.
Zebra i ka kiʻi me nā maka expressive, akā nāwaliwali kāna ʻike, ʻoiai ʻo ka holoholona, e like me ke kanaka, hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala. ʻO kahi ʻala maikaʻi loa e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻokele, mahalo iā ia, e ʻike nā holoholona i kahi weliweli ma kahi mamao kūpono mai ka predator.
Ma ka uwa ʻana o kahi hoʻoweliweli o ka hoʻouka kaua, hoʻomaopopo nā zebras sentry i nā ʻohana āpau. ʻOkoʻa loa nā leo i hana ʻia e nā holoholona - ʻo ka leo o ka zebra i nā manawa like ʻole e like me ke kani ʻana o nā lio, ka hae ʻana o nā ʻīlio kūloko, a me ka ʻuwā ʻana o ka hoki.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka zebra
He holoholona kaha onionio ʻo Zebra kahi kumu hoʻohālikelike ma ka hulu hipa ke kāleka kāhea o kahi kanaka. Hōʻike ʻia nā kiʻi pākahi o ke kala o ka holoholona i ka loli o nā kaha, ʻokoʻa ka laulā, ka lōʻihi, ke kuhikuhi. ʻO ke hoʻonohonoho kaulike o nā laina ke ʻano o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, ke ʻano o ke ʻano i ke kino, aia nā kaha kau i nā wāwae.
Pili ke kala i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana o nā ʻohana:
- nā kānaka me kahi lau ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ke ʻano o nā panalāʻau palahalaha o ka ʻĀkau o ʻApelika.
- zebras me nā kaha ʻeleʻele-hina, ʻeleʻele huluhulu o ka hulu hipa - no nā savannas o ʻApelika hema.
Hoʻomaopopo pono nā holoholona i kekahi i kekahi, a ʻike maopopo ʻole nā keiki kāne i ka makuahine. ʻO nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ke kala ke kala kumu e hana nei no kekahi manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ka manawa pinepine i ka wehewehe ʻana o kahi zebra, ʻike ʻia ka wehewehe ʻana o kahi lio ʻeleʻele me ke alo o nā kaha keʻokeʻo, e hōʻoia ana i ke aʻo ʻana o nā embryos. Hāʻawi ke kala ʻeleʻele i ka pigmentation, i ka ʻole o ka pigmentation i hoʻokumu ʻia i kahi kapa keʻokeʻo.
Manaʻo kekahi mau ʻepekema i ka ulu ʻana o ka evolution, kū aʻe ke kala maoli ma ke ʻano he pale no ka pale ʻana i nā nūnū lio he nui, nā ʻelala ʻē aʻe, nona nā maka hui pū e ʻike i nā kaha ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano like ʻole, e ʻike iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mea ʻai ʻole.
Hoʻohui kekahi kuhiakau o nā ʻepekema i ke kala ʻokoʻa me ka pale ʻana mai nā mea ʻino, nā mea e ʻokiʻoki ʻole ai nā kaha e ʻike ʻole i nā mea pio i ka ea haʻalulu o ka savanna. ʻO ke kolu o ka manaʻo e wehewehe i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana e kahi thermoregulation kūikawā o ke kino - e wela nā kaha i nā degere like ʻole, a laila e hōʻoia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ea ma kahi kokoke. Pēlā e mālama ai ka zebras ma lalo o ka lā wela.
Nā ʻano
I ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā zebras, aia he 3 mau ʻano:
Savannah zebra. Aia kekahi inoa ʻelua - ʻo Burchell, ʻoiai no ka manawa mua i aʻo ʻia ai ka poʻe onionio o ʻApelika a ua wehewehe ʻia e ka zologist o V. Burchell. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, nui kēia ʻano, hāʻawi ʻia ma ka hikina hema o ʻApelika.
ʻO ka holoholona liʻiliʻi, ma kahi o 2.4 mika ka lōʻihi, ke kaumaha a 340 kg. ʻO ka ikaika o ke kala, ka mōakāka o ke ʻano o ke kapa e pili ana i ka wahi o ka noho ʻana, a ʻo kahi hopena i ʻike ʻia ai nā ʻāpana he 6 o ka savanna zebra. Ua ola kahi wehewehe o ka quagga zebra species, i lilo i ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia 19.
He ʻano pohihihi ke ʻano o ka holoholona - he kala chestnut o ka lio ma ke kua o ke kino, kahi kaha onionio i mua. Ua kiaʻi lōʻihi nā holoholona. ʻO nā hui ʻohana i ka savannah ma kahi o 10 mau kānaka. I nā kau maloʻo hoʻi, neʻe nā holoholona i kahi o nā wāwae e ʻimi ai i nā lau nahele.
Desebela zebra. ʻO kahi inoa hou - Ua hōʻike ʻia ka zebra a Grevy ma hope o ke alakaʻi ʻana o Abyssinia i ka Pelekikena o Palani me kahi kamaʻāina neoneo onionio. Mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā holoholona i nā panalāʻau o nā pāka aupuni o ka hikina o ʻApelika - ʻAitiopa, Kenya, Uganda, Somalia.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mea noho ma ka wao nahele ma mua o nā ʻano zebras - ʻo ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia kanaka he 3 m, ke kaumaha ma kahi o 400 kg. ʻIke ʻia kahi ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi i ka nui o nā kala o ka lole keʻokeʻo, ke kū ʻana o kahi ʻeleʻele i ka pali. Mālamalama ka ʻōpū o ka zebra, ʻaʻohe palapū. ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻena o nā kaula - ʻoi aku ka ākea o lākou. ʻAno ʻeleʻele nā pepeiao i ke kala, poepoe.
Zebera mauna. Loaʻa i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻelua mau ʻano - Cape a me Hartmann. ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua, ʻoiai nā hana palekana i lawe ʻia e nā zoologists, aia ma lalo o ka hoʻoweliweli o ka make loa ma muli o ka hewa o nā mea ʻaihue kūloko nāna i kī nā kānaka maoli o ʻApelika Hema. He ʻano liʻiliʻi ko Cape zebra, ʻaʻohe ona kumu ma ka ʻōpū.
He pepeiao loloa ʻo Zebra Hartman.
Noho kahi wahi kaʻawale e nā hybrids i kū mai ma muli o ke keʻa i kahi zebra me kahi lio kūloko, kahi zebra me kahi hoki. He zebra ke kāne, kahi e hoʻoilina ai ke kala onionio. ʻO kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi o nā kānaka hybrid ka maʻalahi i ke aʻo ʻana e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka zebra ʻāhiu.
ʻO nā Zebroid e like me nā lio, pena ʻia me nā ʻāpana a ko lākou makuakāne. Zebrulla (oslosher) - holoholona like zebra ke loaʻa wale o nā kaha i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ke kino. He ʻano kolohe loa kā Hybrids hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia nā holoholona e like me ka lawe ukana.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
He holoholona hihiu ʻo Zebra ʻAinapuniʻole ʻApelika. I ke kūkulu ʻākau, hoʻopau ka poʻe hihiu o nā kula ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka wā kahiko. Mālama ʻia nā heluna kanaka o ka wao nahele, savannah zebra ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka ʻāina ma nā ʻāpana steppe i nā wahi hema o ka ʻāina. Noho nā helu liʻiliʻi o ka zebra mauna i nā wahi mauna kiʻekiʻe.
Hōʻike ʻia nā pilina paʻa o nā holoholona i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hōʻuluʻulu nā holoholona i kekahi manawa i nā pūʻā liʻiliʻi mai nā hui kaʻawale o 10 a 50 mau kānaka. He hierarchy koʻikoʻi ka ʻohana zebra (kāne, 5-6 mares, keiki hānai), aia mau nā keiki ma lalo o ka pale o ka pale o ka poʻe mākua.
Hiki i nā hui ʻohana ke noho kaʻawale, ma waho o ka pā. Loaʻa i nā holoholona Plain nā hui o nā kāne ʻōpio i loaʻa ʻole kā lākou harem ponoʻī. Kipaku ʻia lākou mai ka ʻohana bipi no ke ola kūʻokoʻa i ke kū ʻana i 3 mau makahiki. ʻO nā poʻe mehameha i pili ʻole i ka ʻohana i lilo pinepine i mau hyenas, nā leopadi, nā liona, nā tigre.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka lawena o kahi zebra ka hiki ke hiamoe ʻoiai e kū ana, hoʻopili ʻia i kahi hui e pale aku i nā mea ʻino. Kiaʻi kekahi mau kiaʻi kiaʻi i ka maluhia o ka ʻohana. Hoʻohui hou i nā ʻenemi, inā pono, e hāʻawi i nā mea e pono ai. ʻO ke ʻano irreconcilable o ka zebra i ka manawa o ke kaua, ʻaʻole ʻae ka hoʻomanawanui a hiki i ka liona ke kūʻē iā ia.
Ke kū mai kahi ʻenemi, kani nā holoholona i ka hae ʻana. Mālama kūlohelohe, waiho ka makaʻu i ka manawa liʻiliʻi na ka poʻe hōkai e kū i ka zebra. ʻO nā poʻe nāwaliwali loa, nā keiki makua ʻole kino, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka ʻohana, i lilo i pio.
ʻO Zebra i ka savannah Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia ia i nā pūʻā me nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻApelika - nā gazela, nā buffaloes, nā wildebeest, nā ʻōstriches, nā giraffes, i mea e pale aku ai i nā hoʻouka kaua a nā mea hoʻomake.
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā lio onionio i ka wā o ka lua ninini. Ke pale aku nei ka holoholona iā ia iho ma ke keʻehi ʻana i ka hana - hiki i ka ʻūlū me ka hoof ke make i ka ʻenemi. He ʻeha loa nā nahu Zebra. Ke piʻi aʻe ka holoholona, hoʻonui kona nui i ka maka, a he hopena weliweli ka i ka ʻenemi.
I ka nānā ʻana i ka hana o ka zebra, hoʻomaopopo nā kānaka ʻepekema i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana o nā holoholona e ʻauʻau i ka lepo i mea e hemo ai nā parasites. Kōkua ka mea hipa lāʻau e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā zebras, kahi e noho manuahi nei ma luna o ka ʻili o ka holoholona a koho i nā hemahema a pau mai ka hulu hipa. ʻO ka zebra, ʻoiai ke kuʻi ʻana o ka manu me kona nuku, ʻaʻole ia e kipaku aku i kāna kaʻina.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o nā holoholona i hoʻohuli ʻia e ka neʻe ʻana o ka pepeiao:
- i ka mokuʻāina maʻamau - aia pololei;
- i loko o ka hakakā - deviated back;
- i ka manawa o ka makaʻu, neʻe lākou i mua.
Hōʻike nā holoholona hōʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka hū ʻana. Mālama pū kekahi mau mea hoʻohuli ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻohana hihiu.
Meaʻai kūpono
Pono nā Herbivores i kahi nui o nā meaʻai e māʻona ai ke kino me ka nui o nā calories e pono ai. ʻO ka meaʻai ka uhi mauʻu succulent, nā rhizome o nā mea kanu, nā lau, nā ʻōpuʻu ma nā laʻalāʻau, ka ʻili lāʻau, nā ulu ʻōpio a pau. Pili nā holoholona i ka mahi ʻai ʻana no ka meaʻai mau. I ke kau maloʻo, hele nā pūʻā e ʻimi i nā holoholona.
Pono nā holoholona i ka wai, pono lākou ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā. He mea nui ka wai no ka lactating wahine. I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai no ka hoʻoinu ʻana, uhi ka hānai i kahi mamao loa. Inā maloʻo nā kahawai mai ka wela, nānā nā zebras i nā kahawai o lalo - ʻeli lākou i nā luawai maoli, a i ka hapalua mika, kali no ka wai kahe.
ʻO ka maʻamau i ka hanai ʻana o nā ʻano māmala like ʻole e kaukaʻi i ka ʻāina o ka nohona. No laila, ʻo ka papaʻai o nā zebras wao nahele e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka meaʻai ʻai nui me ke ʻano fibrous, ka ʻili, nā lau. ʻAi ka poʻe o ke kuahiwi i ka mauʻu palupalu a momona e uhi ana i nā pali ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻAʻole hōʻole ʻo Zebras i nā hua momona, nā ʻōpuʻu, nā lālā palupalu.
ʻO nā kānaka Tamed, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hānai kūlohelohe, hānai ʻia me nā mea hoʻopili mineral, nā wikamina, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ke ahonui o ke kino, a hoʻololi i ka lōʻihi o ke ola.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ua hele a moekolohe nā keiki ma 2.5-3 mau makahiki. Mākaukau nā zebra wahine e hoʻopalau ma mua, nā kāne ma hope. Hana ʻia ka hana hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ʻekolu mau makahiki, ʻoiai ʻo ka mōʻaukala o nā mea i ʻike ʻia me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka litter makahiki. Hānau nā wahine i nā keiki no 15-18 mau makahiki o ko lākou ola.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana o ka wahine he 370 mau lā. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine hānau ʻia kahi keiki, ke kaupaona ma kahi o 30 kg. Waihona ʻulaʻula hānau. Mai nā hola mua, hōʻike ke kīʻaha i ke kūʻokoʻa - kū i kona mau wāwae, hānai i ka waiū.
I kekahi mau pule ma hope mai, hoʻomaka ka zebra liʻiliʻi e ʻūlū liʻiliʻi i ka mauʻu ʻōpio, akā hoʻomau ka meaʻai i ka makuahine i loko o ka makahiki, no ka mea pale ia i nā mea palupalu o nā pēpē mai nā maʻi, a pale i ka hana pono o nā ʻōpū. ʻO ka waiū Zebra o ke kala ʻulaʻula ʻole.
Mālama pono ʻia nā ʻāpana i nā ʻohana e nā poʻe mākua āpau, akā, eia nō naʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe nei ka make o nā keiki mai nā hoʻouka kaua mai nā mea ʻino. ʻO ke ola o kahi zebra ma kahi kūlohelohe he 30 mau makahiki ka lōʻihi, inā ʻaʻole ia e pio i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
I nā kūlana pale o nā pāka aupuni, lilo nā zebras i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i livers lōʻihi no 40 mau makahiki.Zebra - holoholona o ʻApelika, akā ʻaʻohe palena palena ʻāina kona waiwai i ka ʻōnaehana kaiaola. ʻO ke kiʻi o kahi kamaʻāina onionio me ke ʻano paʻakikī i komo i ka moʻomeheu a me ka mōʻaukala.
