Ke nānā nei i kahi pihi, hoʻopā ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, no ka mea hāʻawi ʻo ia i ka manaʻo o kahi holoholona ʻano maikaʻi a ʻano hihi. Akā mamao kēia mai ka hihia. ʻO kahi hālāwai me ia i ka nahelehele e hiki ke lawe mai i kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi. He mau māiʻuʻu ikaika loa kēia holoholona, hiki ke hoʻopuka i kahi pilau ʻoluʻolu ʻole a hiki i nā ʻohana ke kōkua mau iā ia. He kaiāulu hoʻomohala loa kā lākou.
A ʻo nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona, ke aʻo nei i kā lākou ʻano, ʻike i kēlā ʻāpala - holoholona akamai, hiki iā ia iho, hiki ke ola i nā kūlana paʻakikī. Hoʻonohonoho kūpono ʻo ia i kona ola. ʻO nā kūlanakauhale holoʻokoʻa mai nā lua a kēia mau holoholona e kūkulu ai no lākou iho he mea kupanaha ia o ka hale.
No ka ʻohana weasel lākou a loaʻa ma nā wahi a pau, ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Nui loa ko lākou lehulehu. Pihi hihiu ʻike pinepine i ka palekana i ke kūlohelohe. Ke mahanahana, ʻaʻohe manawa o nā mea ʻona na lākou, akā ke anuanu, peʻe lākou peʻa hohonu a ʻaʻole maʻalahi e kiʻi iā lākou.
Minamina, ʻākoʻo he waiwai pio i ka hopu holoholona. ʻOi aku ka momona o kaʻiʻo ma mua o ka puaʻa, ikaika ka ʻili, pale ʻole i ka wai, hoʻohana ʻia no ka upholstery o nā mea hale a me nā mea pono. ʻO ka lauoho lōʻihi o kēia mau holoholona e hana i nā kāhili maikaʻi a me nā kāhili. A ʻo kā lākou momona he huahana olakino maikaʻi loa. Ua hoʻopakele ʻia lākou he nui e lākou mai ka maʻi kō.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kiʻi badger i nā puke a me ka kinima. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he holoholona ʻano maikaʻi i loko o kahi ʻahu huluhulu nani me ka muzzles kaha onionio a me nā maka akamai loa. ʻO "uncle-badger" pilikia a koʻikoʻi. Hilarious, kumu, hoihoi. He koa kaulana ʻo ia no nā kaha kiʻi a nā keiki a me nā puke. Hoʻomanaʻo mākou āpau i nā puke moʻolelo Harry Potter, kahi o ka hōʻailona hōʻailona o ke kumu Hufflepuff.
Aia ʻo Badger Lake ma Karelia. Hōʻike ʻia ka holoholona ma nā kapa komo o nā kūlanakauhale he nui - i ka Karelia like, ma ka moku ʻo Sverdlovsk, ma ka moku ʻo Lvov (ʻUkelena), ma Palani a me Kelemania, ma Sepania a me Finilani - ma nā wahi āpau he mau kūlanakauhale me ke kiʻi o kahi lika ma ke kapa kila. Hoʻohana kekahi mau mokuʻāina i ke kiʻi o kēia holoholona ma nā paʻi paʻi.
Ma ke ʻano he kanaka kaʻao, hiki iā ia ke huhū loa, huhū a makaʻu pinepine hoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he koa ikaika i hiki ke noho mālie i nā manawa o ka maluhia. Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia lāhui iā ia me nā ʻano kikoʻī. ʻO kahi laʻana, maʻalea ka pihi ʻo Iapana, akā maʻalahi, aia ka Lūkini i ka home a me ka hoʻokele waiwai, a ʻo ka ʻAmelika he palaka a ʻaihue.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Aia nā lālā badger i nā lālā o ke ʻano ʻokoʻa a me nā makahiki, hiki i kēlā me kēia mea ke hoʻopuka i kahi pilau. I ka lōʻihi, piʻi ka makua i 90 cm, a ma kahi o 20 cm e hāʻule ma ka huelo. Kaupaona ʻo ia ma kahi o 25 kg. Pōkole ke kino o ka holoholona, mānoanoa, ikaika.
Ākea ka ʻāʻī, hoʻopau ke poʻo lōʻihi me ka muzzles kiko. Liʻiliʻi, ʻeleʻele nā pepeiao, a he palena keʻokeʻo ma luna. Liʻiliʻi a ʻoi hoʻi nā niho, aia he 36 o lākou, a palupalu nā kini i ka holo ʻana o ka manawa.
Uhi ʻia ka holoholona i ka hulu huluhulu mānoanoa, ʻano like me ka hulu, ke kala ma ke kua he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, i kekahi manawa aia nā māka ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā huluhulu pākahi ma nā aʻa, melemele iki, ʻeleʻele i ka waena, a hina keʻokeʻo ma nā wēlau. He ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū. Mālamalama ke poʻo i nā kala me nā kaha ʻeleʻele i nā ʻaoʻao; ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne. Pēlā pahi kaua i ke kiʻi.
Ma lalo o ka huelo, aia kekahi mau glands kūikawā e hūnā i ka musk. No ke kanaka, ʻo ka pilau kikoʻī a kēlā holoholona e hoʻopuka ai, e waiho mālie, ʻoluʻolu ʻole. Holoholona hihiu Badgerakā maikaʻi a maʻemaʻe hoʻi.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he "aristocrat nahele". ʻAʻole loa ʻo ia e hoʻonohonoho i kahi hale mālama no nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpala i loko o kona hale. No kēia mau pono, pono lākou e ʻeli i kahi keena hou ma kahi o ka hale. Kūkulu ʻia kona kino no ka ʻeli ʻana. Lōʻihi nā manamana lima, me nā māiʻuʻu ikaika, pōkole nā wāwae a me ka ʻāʻī, kipaku ʻo ia i kona kino i ka lepo e like me ka drill.
Hana ʻia ka huli holoholona Badger me dachshunds. I kekahi manawa kōkua mai kahi hoa aloha i kahi holoholona ʻeha. 'Saylelo nā Hunters i hoʻokahi manawa, ke kīʻana i kahi pihi, ua ʻike lākou i kahi kiʻi kupaianaha.
Hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻōwili ma ka honua a hoʻokuʻu i nā kaniʻuhū maʻalahi. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma hope, e huki i ka nānā a minamina i nā kīʻaha ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o ka lele ʻana o kāna hoa i waho o ka lua, me ke kaniʻuhū, lālau ʻo ia i ka poʻe ʻeha a nalowale pū me ia i ka nahele.
Pilikino loa ka ihu o ka holoholona. E hoʻokū i kahi holoholona, ua lawa ia e pā iki i ka ihu. I ka manawa like, hoihoi loa ia. Pāʻani pinepine kēia ʻano i kahi hoʻomākeʻaka hoʻomāinoino me ia.
He moʻolelo kupaianaha kā Konstantin Paustovsky "Badger Nose". I loko o ia mea, kokolo iki kahi ʻūlū lūlū i ka poʻe e noho ana i ke ahi e hoʻomoʻa ana i ka ʻuala (me he mea lā ua ʻume ʻia ʻo ia e kahi ʻala onaona), a kū pono i kona ihu i nā lānahu.
A laila mālama ʻo ia iā ia no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka wai, e hou ana i kahi ʻōiwi me ka limu hoʻōla i loko o ka lua. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea a pau e ka mea kākau o ka moʻolelo. A ma hope o kekahi manawa, ʻoiai e hele ana i ka nahele, ua hālāwai ʻo ia me kēia Badger, e ʻike ana iā ia e ka ʻili ma kona ihu.
Ua ʻū, ʻū a hele mālie ʻo ia, ʻoiai ke nānā nei a puni me ka ukiuki. ʻIke ʻia ua ʻike ka holoholona iā ia a hoʻomanaʻo i kahi manawa ʻoluʻolu ʻole e pili ana me kahi kanaka. He holoholona akamai.
Nā ʻano
ʻO nā ʻohana pili loa o ka puki ʻo marten, wolverine, mink, ferret, sable a me skunk.
Eia kekahi ʻano o kēia holoholona:
- maʻamau, noho i ʻEulopa, no laila ma ʻAmelika i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻEulopa". Loaʻa nā ana maʻamau. ʻO ke poʻo poʻo - kūiki, kāʻei;
- Noho ʻo ʻAsia, noho i kahi panalāʻau nui o ʻAsia, a i Russia pū kekahi;
- ʻO Iapana, noho wale i Iapana. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka badger, kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "werewolf tanuki". Hiki iā ia ke koho ʻia e like me nā ʻīlio raccoon a me nā ʻino hihi;
- ʻAmelika, loaʻa ma ʻAmelika ʻAkau. Hōʻike ia i kahi kaha ʻeleʻele ololi e holo ana ma waenakonu o ke poʻo. Eia kekahi, he puʻu keʻokeʻo ko ka "ʻAmelika", a ʻo ka "ʻEulopa" - ʻeleʻele. ʻO ke poʻo poʻo o kēlā me kēia kanaka he longitudinal a ākea;
- teledu, a i ʻole mea ʻai puaʻa, aia ma ʻAkia Hema;
- ʻo ka pihi meli, a i ʻole ʻona ʻōhule, aia ma ʻApelika, India a me ka Hikina Waena. Hoʻomaopopo ka waihoʻoluʻu ma mua o nā ʻāpana ʻino - ʻeleʻele i lalo a hina hina;
- badger stinky badger, loaʻa ma Indonesia;
- ferret badgers, kahi genus o 4 ʻano, ʻekolu o lākou e noho ana i Indonesia, hoʻokahi ma Asia. ʻOi aku ka nani a me ka liʻiliʻi o lākou.
ʻO kēlā mau ʻano wale nō e noho nei i nā wahi ʻākau o ka hibernate. ʻEleʻele nā holoholona i nā wahi hema i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Koe ʻo Sardinia a me ka ʻākau o Scandinavia, maʻa mau ka lōlō ma ʻEulopa, a ma ʻAsia hoʻi, mai Suria a Iāpana a ma Siberia a hiki i ka Lena. Noho ʻo ia i nā lua, noho mehameha. ʻEli ʻo ia i kahi lua me nā māiʻuʻu ikaika ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lā o nā puʻu ulu lāʻau a i ʻole ma nā awawa i nā kula.
Pono ka burrow e "me kahi huna", he 4-8 puka puka pilikia inā loaʻa ka makaʻi i ʻike ʻole ʻia. Noʻonoʻo nui ʻo Badger. ʻO kēlā me kēia neʻe ma kahi o 3 m ka lōʻihi, a nānā pinepine ka holoholona i nā mea āpau. Hiki ke waiho ka pūna i kahi hohonu mai ka ʻili o ka honua, mai 2 a 3 mau mika.
He holoholona maʻemaʻe loa kēia, e hōʻoia mau nei i ka maloʻo o kāna mink, ʻaʻole e haki. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hoʻomaha iā ia iho i ka lua, ʻeli ʻana i kahi lua kokoke no kāna ʻōpala ponoʻī. Mālama ʻo ia i nā koena ma laila.
I ka lua, hoʻomākaukau ʻo ia no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka Badger ka holoholona wale nō mai ka ʻohana wea i hibernates. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu ahiu, hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi moena palupalu o nā lau i kāna lua. A laila ʻōwili ʻo ia i loko o kahi pōpō, pili i kona poʻo ma waena o nā paws mua a me nā hibernates.
I kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hiamoe o kahi holoholona me ka manaʻo ʻole, e like me ka bea, keu hoʻi i ka hoʻoilo mehana. A laila ala aʻe ka holoholona a hele i waho. Hoʻopau hope loa ʻia ʻo Hibernation i ka wā puna. Ala ʻē ka pahiolo lahilahi, ʻoiai ua hiamoe ʻo ia me ka ʻōpū poepoe a ʻōpū.
ʻO nā neʻe ʻana o ka holoholona i waho e nānā weliweli, lohi. Hāpai iki ia a paʻa i nā wāwae. He aha ka holoholona kino i kekahi manawa paʻakikī e hoʻomaopopo. He ʻano ʻē ka manaʻo launa iā ia. ʻIke nui ʻo ia e like me ka puaʻa, a me nā namunamu e like me ia.
Noho pālua ʻo Badger. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole lākou e wikiwiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o kā lākou lua. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i nā dorms holoʻokoʻa o kēia mau holoholona. ʻEli lākou i ka honua ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau, e hana ana i nā labyrinth maoli ma lalo.
Hiki i kekahi ke haʻohaʻo pehea e hoʻokele ai iā lākou iho. Loaʻa paha e ka honi. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kahi lua ola e kahi ʻino, a laila mālama mau ia i kēia pilau. ʻOiai kahi lua lua i haʻalele ʻia e honi ai nona no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Nā lua Badger, kahi e noho ai nā ʻohana nui, i loko o nā makahiki i lilo i aupuni malalo o ka honua, he pae kiʻekiʻe, a hoʻoili lākou i ko lākou mau home ma ka hoʻoilina. He conservative weliweli ka holoholona. Hahai ʻo ia i nā kumu a me nā kuʻuna i kona home.
He holoholona ʻoluʻolu ʻole nā pākeke kahiko: palaualelo, huhū, kūpono ʻole no ka hoʻomālama ʻana. Akā ʻōpio, hānai ʻia i ke pio ʻana, keu hoʻi i nā mea kanu mea kanu, i ka mea ʻē aʻe, lilo i kino a hahai i ka mea nona e like me nā ʻīlio.
ʻLelo lākou i nā badger, hānai ʻia e kahi kanaka, ʻano like me nā ʻīlio pēpē. Pāʻani lākou me kekahi me kekahi, hae, ʻōhumu e like me marmots, puliki aloha ʻia e like me ka moʻī, lawe he tausani poses a hōʻike i ka naʻau i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa.
Ma ka laulaha, ua ʻike mākou he ʻōlelo ʻokoʻa kā nā badger. Hana lākou i nā leo kūikawā i nā kūlana ʻokoʻa, kahi mea maʻalahi e noʻonoʻo e kamaʻilio ana lākou. Aia ma kahi o 16 mau leo i kā lākou "haʻi ʻōlelo lexicon".
Makemake kēlā holoholona i ke kamaʻilio ʻana, keu hoʻi i kona ʻano maikaʻi. I waena o lākou iho, hoʻonohonoho pū nā mea ʻino i kekahi mau "ʻahaʻaina sekular", e hele e kipa, e nānā pehea e ola ai ko lākou hoalauna.
Meaʻai kūpono
I ke kauwela a me ke kauwela, ʻo nā meaʻai no kahi ʻūlū nā aʻa, nā mea kolo, nā nūnū a me nā ʻenuhe honua. I kekahi manawa, hiki iā ia ke hoʻouka i kahi hare ʻōpio a i ʻole luku i ka pūnana manu. Hiki iā ia ke huki i kahi moa i hāʻule, piʻi i loko o nā meli. I ke kauwela, hānai ʻo ia i nā hua i hāʻule, ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā i nā ʻiole, nā mole, nā rana, nā moʻo.
I kekahi manawa hihiu hihiu hiki ke piʻi i ka pā i kahi kanaka, ʻaihue i ka moa. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hana ke ʻano o ka holoholona me he predator lā, ʻo ia ia. Ma Siberia Hikina, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻūlū lele e hoʻouka ana i nā bipi keiki, a hana ʻino loa i nā kamaʻāina. Hoʻonohonoho kēia hana i kahi kanaka e hoʻonohonoho i nā pahele a me nā pahele nona.
Eia naʻe, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi i lawe ʻia mai e ka holoholona he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino a me ka ʻino mai iā ia. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia i ke kūlohelohe mai nā pepelu weliweli. He poʻe hahai holoholona luhi ʻole kēia mau holoholona. I hoʻokahi huli, hiki iā lākou ke hopu i 70 mau mea i hōʻeha ʻia. ʻAi iki lākou, waiho i nā meaʻai mālama i ʻai ʻole ʻia.
Ma kahi kokoke loa i ka hāʻule e hoʻomaka ai lākou e ʻai nui, e loaʻa ana ke kaupaona no ka hibernation. I kēia manawa, hoʻoikaika ʻia ka hulu o ka ʻino, ʻōpuni ka ʻōpū, a neʻe mālie ʻoi aku ma mua o ka maʻamau. Hōʻaʻo e mālama i ka ikehu no ka hibernation. ʻO kona kaumaha i kēia manawa hiki i 35 kg.
Ke aʻo nui ʻia nei ke aʻo ʻana i nā meaʻai badger i nā keʻena, nā mālama a me nā mālama, no ka mea hiki i kēia ke hoʻololi i ke kaiaolaola holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāina. Ua hoʻololi ʻia i ka papaʻai o kēia holoholona me nā vertebrates (rodents, insectivores, lagomorphs, manu, nā mea kolo, nā iʻa) a me nā invertebrates (gastropods, nā ʻano ʻelala beetle honua, coleoptera, nā mea make make, nā nalo lamellar, kā lākou larvae, bumblebees, hymenoptera, coleoptera , Orthoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera).
ʻO nā mea kanu, nā hua - strawberry, cherry manu, nā aʻa o kekahi mea kanu a me nā ʻoka i komo pū i ka papa kuhikuhi badger. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai i nā mea kanu i ka meaʻai o ka holoholona ma mua o ka meaʻai holoholona. A mai nā mea ʻai holoholona a nā holoholona nāwaliwali e lanakila. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea e ʻōlelo ai, hiki ke kapa ʻia kahi ʻona laka me ke "hoʻomaʻemaʻe ululāʻau".
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ke koho ke kāne i kahi wahine, nānā ʻo ia iā ia, kau nā holoholona i kekahi i kekahi, hana i nā kani a me ka mimilo. Hiki i nā kāne ke hakakā no kā lākou hoa kāne. A laila kūpaʻa a lokoʻino lākou: alualu kekahi i kekahi, ʻili, nahu i ka hoa paio. A laila hoʻi hou ka mālie, aloha a me ke kōkua pū i kā lākou hale hoʻokipa.
ʻO Badgers he ʻohana a me nā holoholona hoʻopaʻi kaiapili. Hoʻokumu lākou i kahi ʻohana pili a ikaika, kahi e loaʻa ai i kēlā me kēia ka lākou kuleana a me nā kuleana. ʻO ka makuahine wahine ka mea hana a aʻo i nā keiki. Ma ke ʻano laulā, paʻakikī loa ke ʻano hānau ma nā līlī ma nā ʻōlelo o ka manawa.
Hiki iā lākou ke male i ka pūnāwai, a ʻo Kekemapa wale nō ka momona. No laila, hānai ka wahine i hua manu no 270 a 450 mau lā. He mana kūikawā kēia. ʻO ka mea nui, ua ʻae ka kūlohelohe iā ia e koho i ka manawa maikaʻi maikaʻi loa no ka hānau ʻana o nā pēpē.
ʻIke makapō nā Cubs i ka hoʻomaka o Malaki. ʻO ka maʻamau aia mai 3 a 6 i kahi ʻōpala. Kaupaona nā Badger mai 75 a i 130 gram. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ko lākou maka ma kahi o 35 mau lā. Uhi ʻia ka ʻili me ka fluff palupalu, akā ʻike mua ʻia kā lākou māka ʻokoʻa ma ke poʻo - kahi kaha ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo.
Mālama mālie ka makuahine iā lākou, me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a hiki i ko lākou nui ʻana. Hana ʻia kēia ma mua o ka hāʻule, a laila hoʻomaka nā ʻino ʻino i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ka makuakāne kāne he mea kūkulu hale ʻimi holoholona. Nānā mau ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ka home, hana i nā hoʻoponopono ʻana o nā paʻakikī āpau, kipaku aku i nā malihini kipa ʻole ʻia.
Mai ka wā kamaliʻi, aʻo ka wahine i nā keiki i ka maʻemaʻe a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. A ma kahi o ka lua hohonu, huki ʻia kahi mink ma kahi o ka pūnana o nā keiki no ka pono a me ka ʻōpala o ka meaʻai. Noho mau nā Badger i ka nāhelehele no 10-12 mau makahiki, ma ka home hiki iā lākou ke ola a 16 mau makahiki.
Hiki i kēia holoholona ke hāpai i nā maʻi weliweli: rabies, tuberculosis o nā pipi. No laila, i kekahi mau wahi, hoʻolauna ʻia ka lāʻau kō ʻana ke piʻi ka nui o lākou. Hiki i kekahi holoholona ke make ma mua ma hope o ka hakakā me nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe - nā ʻīlio hae, lynx a me nā ʻīlio, home a feral.
Hoʻopili ke kāne i ke ola o kahi lika ma nā ʻano ʻelua. ʻOiai me ka hopu ʻole iā ia, he mana nui kona i ka heluna kanaka o kēia laha. Ma kahi kokoke i nā hale o nā kānaka, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke loaʻa nā meaʻai na lākou i ka wā wī. Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, aloha ʻole ka lāhui kanaka i nā holoholona. Luku ka hana alanui i kā lākou pūnaewele pūnaewele. A make nā holoholona iā lākou iho ma lalo o nā huila.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua helu ʻia ka ʻino ma ka puke ʻula ʻula ma kahi ʻano kūlana, ma ke ʻano he ʻano me ka hoʻoweliweli liʻiliʻi o ka make ʻana. Kūleʻa ka holoholona i ka honua a hānai pinepine i nā holoholona.
Maʻemaʻe ʻo ia a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, mākaʻikaʻi a mālama hoʻi, i kekahi manawa impudent a me ka hakakā, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hāʻawi hewa iā ia iho, ʻoiai kona helehelena hoʻopunipuni. Inā koi ʻia, hiki iā ia ke pale i kahi predator nui. ʻOiai makemake ʻo ia e peʻe.
ʻO ka mea makamae nona loa, ʻo kona home ponoʻī. A mākaukau ʻo ia e pale aku iā ia me nā niho, nā māiʻuʻu, ikaika a loko ʻino hoʻi. ʻO ka hapanui ka manawa e puka mai ka mea lanakila mai ka hakakā me ka poʻe makemake ʻole. I ke ola maʻamau, mālie ʻo ia, akā i kahi manawa pōpilikia ua lilo ʻo ia i hoa paio koʻikoʻi.
