Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka cormorant
ʻO Cormorant (mai ka Latin Phalacrocorax) kahi manu hulu nui a nunui mai ka ʻoka pelican. Loaʻa i ka ʻohana ma kahi o 40 mau ʻano manu ʻoka.
He kai kai kēia e noho ana ma nā ʻāina āpau o ko kākou Honua. Aia ka manaʻo nui o kēia mau holoholona ma kahakai o ke kai a me ka moana, akā ʻo kahi e noho ai kekahi mau ʻano ke kahawai o nā muliwai a me nā loko. E kamaʻilio iki e pili ana i nā ʻano cormorants e noho ana i ka palena o ka Russian Federation. I ka huina, ʻeono mau lāhui e noho nei i ko mākou ʻāina:
— ihu loloa a i ʻole ia lau nahelehele (mai ka Latin Phalacrocorax aristotelis) - ʻo ka nohona ke kahakai o ke Kai Keʻokeʻo a me Barents;
— bering cormorant (mai ka Latin Phalacrocorax pelagicus) - noho iā Sakhalin a me nā mokupuni Kuril;
— cormorant maka ʻulaʻula (mai ka Latin Phalacrocorax urile) - kahi ʻano aneane make, loaʻa ma ka Copper Island o ka Commander ridge;
— cormorant Iāpana (mai ka Latin Phalacrocorax capillatus) - ʻo ka pae ma ka hema o Primorsky Krai a me nā Mokil Kuril;
— cormorant (mai ka Latin Phalacrocorax carbo) - noho ma kahakai o ke kai ʻEleʻele a me ke Kaiwaenahonua, a ma Primorye a ma Lake Baikal;
— cormorant (mai ka Latin Phalacrocorax pygmaeus) - noho ma kahakai o ke kai Azov a me ka Crimea.
I ke kiʻi cormorant crested
ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kino o ka cormorant, ākea i ke ʻano, hiki ka lōʻihi i kahi mika me ka ʻēheu o 1.2-1.5 mau mika. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā mākua o kēia manu mai ka ʻekolu a i ka ʻekolu a me ka hapalua kilokika.
ʻO ke poʻo me ka nuku e like me ka lou i kihi ʻia ma ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi. ʻAʻohe puka ihu o ka nuku iho. I ke ʻano o nā maka o kēia mau manu, aia kahi membrane blinking i kapa ʻia, e ʻae iā lākou e noho ma lalo o ka wai no kahi manawa lōʻihi (a i ʻelua mau minuke). Eia kekahi, nā kapuaʻi pūnaewele, aia ma hope loa o ke kino, kōkua i ka cormorants e noho ma ka wai a ma lalo o ka wai.
I ka lele ʻana, me kona mau ʻeheu e pālahalaha ana, ʻo ke ʻano o ke kino cormorant e like me ke keʻa ʻeleʻele, e ʻano hoihoi i ka lani polū. ʻO kaʻeleʻele o ka hulu o ka hapanui o nā manuʻeleʻele, kokoke i ka ʻeleʻele, nā kani.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā laha, aia nā kiko o nā kani kukui like ʻole ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino, ka nui ma ka ʻōpū a me ke poʻo. ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa wale nō kahi ʻano laha loa - cormorant keʻokeʻo, kiʻi ʻia keia manu hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka plumage keʻokeʻo o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. No nā wehewehe manu cormorant hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻohe ona lokomaikaʻi kūikawā, akā he ʻano waiwai ia o ke kahakai.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka cormorant
ʻO diormorm nā cormorants. Hoʻolālā nā manu i ka hapa nui o kā lākou manawa ala i loko o ka wai a i ʻole ke kahaone kahakai, e ʻimi nei i nā meaʻai na lākou a me nā keiki a lākou. ʻAʻau wikiwiki lākou a eleu hoʻi, e hoʻololi ana i ke ʻaoʻao o ka neʻe ʻana me ke kōkua o ko lākou huelo, kahi ʻano keel.
Hoʻohui, nā cormorants, ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki ke luʻu hohonu, ke komo i loko o ka wai i kahi hohonu o 10-15 mau mika. Akā ma ka ʻāina nānā lākou i kekahi ʻano pīhoihoi, e neʻe lohi nei i loko o ka wāwahi.
ʻO kahi mau ʻano wale nō ke noho wale, lele ka hapanui o nā manu i ka hoʻoilo i kahi ʻano mahana, a hoʻi i ko lākou mau wahi kahiko e pūnana ai. Ma nā pūnaewele pūnana lākou e noho ai i nā kolone i kekahi manawa a me nā ʻohana huluhulu ʻē aʻe, e laʻa me nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā tern. No laila, hiki ke kapa maʻalahi ʻia nā cormorants he mau manu kaiaulu.
I nā manawa i hala aku nei i Iapana, ua hoʻohana nā poʻe kūloko i nā cormorants e hopu iʻa. Kau lākou i ke apo me ke kaula i nakinaki ʻia ma ko lākou ʻāʻī a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i loko o ka wai. Ua hopu ka manu i ka iʻa, a ua pale ke apo iā ia mai ka ale ʻana i kāna mea pio, a ua lawe ʻia e kekahi kanaka. No laila, i kēlā mau lā i Iāpana kūʻai manu cormorant hiki ke ʻaneʻane ma nā mākeke kūloko. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano lawaiʻa.
Hoʻopili pū ʻia no ka mea pale ʻia kekahi ʻano laha ʻole o kēia mau manu e ke kānāwai a helu ʻia i loko o ka International and Russian Red Book. I ke kaʻina o nā kālā hoʻopukapuka o Rūsia "Book Red" i ka makahiki 2003, ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi ruble kālā me kiʻi o kahi manu cormorant me ka holo o 10,000 mau ʻāpana.
Mea ʻai cormorant
ʻO ka papaʻai nui o nā cormorants ka iʻa liʻiliʻi a me ka waena. Akā i kekahi manawa hele ka molluscs, crustacean, rana, moʻo a me nā moʻo i loko o ka meaʻai. Hiki i ka nuku o kēia mau manu ke wehe ākea, i hiki ai iā lākou ke ale i kahi iʻa awelika holoʻokoʻa, e hāpai ana i ko lākou poʻo i luna.
Nui nā wikiō a kiʻi manu cormorant i ka manawa o ka hopu ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa he mea hoihoi loa ia. Auʻau ka manu, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kona poʻo i loko o ka wai a ʻoi loa, e like me ka torpedo, luʻu i loko o ka hohonu o ka waihona wai, a ma hope o kekahi mau kekona ua ʻauʻau ʻo ia i 10 mau mika mai kēia wahi me ka mea pio i loko o kona nuku, huki i kona poʻo i luna a ale loa i ka iʻa i hopu ʻia a i ʻole ka crustacea. Hiki i kahi kanaka nui o kēia manu ke ʻai i kahi hapalua kilokika o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ka cormorant
Hana ʻia ka moekolohe ʻana o nā cormorants i ka makahiki ʻekolu o ke ola. Kū ka wā lūlū i ka wā mua o ka puna (Malaki, ʻApelila, Mei). Inā neʻe ka ʻohana cormorant, a laila hiki lākou i ka wahi pūnana i nā pālua i hana ʻia, inā he ʻano sedentary ia, a laila i kēia manawa ua haki lākou i nā hui pālua i ko lākou wahi noho.
Kūkulu kēia mau manu i ko lākou pūnana mai nā lālā a me nā lau o nā kumu lāʻau a me nā lāʻau. E kau iā ia i kahi kiʻekiʻe - i nā kumu lāʻau, ma nā pōhaku kahakai a me nā pōhaku. I ka manawa o ka moʻo ʻana, komo nā cormorants i ka lole moena i kapa ʻia. Eia kekahi, a hiki i ka manawa o ka male ʻana, mālama ʻia kahi hana moena, kahi e hoʻonohonoho ai nā kāne i hana i nā hulahula, e walaʻau ana kekahi i kekahi.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka cormorant
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua i loko o ka pūnana i kēlā me kēia manawa ma hope o kekahi mau lā, i loko o kahi paʻa aia ʻekolu a ʻelima mau hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hatch no hoʻokahi mahina, a ma hope o ka hatch ʻana o nā moa liʻiliʻi i ka honua, ʻaʻohe ona plumage a ʻaʻole hiki ke neʻe kūʻokoʻa.
Ma mua o ka holo ʻana, i loko o 1-2 mau mahina, hānai piha ʻia nā keiki moa e ko lākou mau mākua. Ma hope o ke ʻano o ka hulu a ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana o nā cormorants liʻiliʻi e lele i kā lākou iho, aʻo nā mākua iā lākou e kiʻi i ka meaʻai, akā ʻaʻole e kiola iā lākou i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa, lawe mai i ka meaʻai no ka meaʻai. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā cormorants no nā manu a hiki i 15-20 mau makahiki.
