Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema mai Kanada ma ka Arctic i ke koena o kahi mea hulu i noho ma ka honua ma kahi o kanaiwa miliona mau makahiki i hala. Mahalo i kēia loaʻa, loaʻa ka manaʻo o ka paleontologists i ke ʻano o ke aniau Arctic i kēlā mau manawa mamao.
ʻO ka manu i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe Kanada ʻo Tingmaitornis arctica. Wahi a nā paleontologists, he niho kona a ʻimi ʻiʻo iʻa iʻa predatory nui. ʻLelo pū lākou he manu kūpuna kēia manu o nā limu o kēia au a e luʻu paha paha i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai ma lalo o ka wai.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ua alakaʻi kēia i nā hopena hopena. Ke hoʻoholo nei i nā koena, 90 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻaʻohe mea o ke aniau Arctic me kēia ao a ua like ia me ke ʻano o Florida i kēia manawa.
Ua ʻae ʻia nā koena ʻepekema e hana i kekahi mau manaʻo e pili ana i nā loli kahakaha i hana ʻia ma ka moku ʻo Artctic ma ka Cretaceous kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kahi laʻana, nā ʻepekema ma mua, ʻoiai ua ʻike lākou i ke anilā Arctic o kēlā au i ʻoi aku ka mahana ma mua o ka wā hou, ua manaʻo lākou i ka hoʻoilo ua uhi ʻia ka Arctic me ka hau.
Hōʻike ka loaʻa i kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ka mehana ma laila, ʻoiai ʻo nā holoholona i hānai ʻia e kahi manu ke hiki ke noho wale i kahi anuanu mahana. No laila, hiki i ka lewa arctic o kēlā manawa ke wela i 28 kekelē Celsius.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ua ʻike iho nei nā paleontologists i ka iwi poʻo o kekahi holoholona ʻike ʻole ʻia, a hoʻomaha ʻia ma Kaleponi. ʻAʻole maopopo ka mea nona ka iwi poʻo, akā aia kekahi mau manaʻo he mammoth kēlā i noho ma kahi o 30 tausani mau makahiki i hala. Eia kekahi, pili ka make ʻana o ka holoholona i ka hōʻoluʻolu honua. Inā hōʻoia ʻia ka manaʻo a lilo maoli ia i mamona, a laila ʻo ia ka mea kahiko loa o kona koena ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
