ʻO nā ʻalopeke, a i ʻole, ʻo ke ʻano o ke kāhea ʻia ʻana, nā ʻalopeke, no ka lāhui o nā māmela, ʻo ka ʻohana kēne. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha, akā aia a hiki i ka 23 mau ʻano o kēia ʻohana. ʻOiai ma waho he like loa nā ʻalopeke āpau, eia nō naʻe he nui nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻokoʻa.
Nā ʻano laulā o nā ʻalopeke
ʻO ka ʻalopeka kahi holoholona laka me ka waha waha, kahi poʻo liʻiliʻi i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia, nā pepeiao kū i luna a me kahi huelo lōʻihi me nā lauoho elongated. He holoholona unpretentious loa ka ʻalopeke, he aʻa maikaʻi ke aʻa i kēlā me kēia wahi kūlohelohe, maikaʻi loa ia ma nā ʻāina āpau o ka honua.
Alakaʻi hapa nui i ka pō. No ka puʻuhonua a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hoʻohana ia i nā lua a i ʻole nā kaumaha i ka lepo, nā ʻūlū ma waena o nā pōhaku. Aia ka meaʻai i ka nohona, nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi, nā manu, nā hua manu, nā iʻa, nā ʻano kolo like ʻole, nā hua a me nā huaʻai e ʻai ʻia.
E hoʻokaʻawale i nā lālā o nā ʻalopeke
Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe ʻepekema ma waena o ʻekolu mau lālā ʻalopeke.
- Urucyon, a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke hina;
- Vulpes, a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke maʻamau;
- ʻO Dusicyon, a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke ʻAmelika Hema.
Nā ʻano Fox o ka lālā Vulpes
ʻO ka lālā o nā ʻalopeke maʻamau he 4.5 miliona mau makahiki, ua komo pū ka nui o nā lāhui - 12, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā ʻāina noho o ka honua. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻelele āpau o kēia lālā he ʻoi, pepeiao triangular, he muiki hāiki, he poʻo pālahalaha, kahi huelo lōʻihi a fluffy. Aia kekahi māka pouli liʻiliʻi ma ke alahaka o ka ihu, ʻokoʻa ka hopena o ka huelo i ka hoʻolālā kala nui.
Loaʻa i ka lālā Vulpes nā ʻano aʻe:
Alopeke maʻamau (Vulpes vulpes)
ʻO ka maʻamau o nā laha, i ko mākou manawa aia ma luna o 47 mau ʻāpana like ʻole. Hoʻolahalaha ka ʻalopeke maʻamau ma nā ʻāina āpau; lawe ʻia mai i Australia mai ʻEulopa, kahi i loaʻa ai ke aʻa a maʻa iā ia.
ʻO ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino o kēia ʻalopeke he alani ʻālohilohi, lepo, kālā a hina hina, keʻokeʻo ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino me nā kaha ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi ma ka waha a me nā ʻūhā, keʻokeʻo ka palaki huelo. Hiki ke kino i kahi lōʻihi o 70-80 cm, ʻo ka huelo he 60-85 cm, a ʻo kona kaumaha he 8-10 kg.
Lopaka Bengal a ʻInia India paha (Vulpes bengalensis)
Noho nā ʻalopeke o kēia mahele i ka nui o Pakistan, India, Nepal. Koho ʻia ʻo Steppes, semi-desert a me nā ulu lāʻau no ke ola. Pōkole ke kapa, ʻulaʻula-one i ke kala, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula nā wāwae, ʻeleʻele ka piko o ka huelo. I ka lōʻihi hiki lākou i 55-60 cm, liʻiliʻi ka huelo - 25-30 cm wale nō, ke kaumaha - 2-3 kg.
Alopeke ʻApelika Hema (Vulpes chama)
Noho ma ka ʻĀpana ʻApelika ma Zimbabwe a me Angola, ma nā ʻāpapa a me nā wao akua. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kahi kala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula o ka hapa kiʻekiʻe o ke kino me kahi ʻāhinahina hina hina ma ke kuamoʻo, keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū a me nā wāwae, hoʻopau ka huelo me kahi kāwele ʻeleʻele, ʻaʻohe maka uhi ʻeleʻele ma ka waha. Lōʻihi - 40-50 cm, huelo - 30-40 cm, ke kaupaona - 3-4.5 kg.
Korsak
Kahi noho o nā steppe o ka hikina hema o Lūkia, ʻAkia Waena, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Manchuria. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino a hiki i 60 knm, ke kaumaha o 2-4 kg, ʻo ka huelo a 35 cm. ʻO ke kala i ʻulaʻula-one ma luna a keʻokeʻo a i ʻole one-one ma lalo, ʻokoʻa i ka fox maʻamau e nā papalina ākea ākea.
Alopeke Tibet
Noho kiʻekiʻe i nā kuahiwi, i nā steppe o Nepal a me Tibet. ʻO kona hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona kahi kola nui a mānoanoa o ka huluhulu manoanoa a pōkole hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka ākea o ka waha a ʻoi aku ka huinahā. He hina māmā ke kapa ma nā ʻaoʻao, ʻulaʻula ma ke kua, ka huelo me kahi palaki keʻokeʻo. I ka lōʻihi hiki i 60-70 knm, ke kaupaona - a i 5.5 kg, huelo - 30-32 cm.
Alopeke ʻApelika (Vulpes pallida)
Noho ma nā wao nahele o ka ʻĀkau o ʻApelika. Lahilahi a lōʻihi hoʻi nā wāwae o kēia ʻalopeke, no ka mea, ua hoʻopili pono ʻia i ka hele ʻana ma ke one. Lahilahi ke kino, 40-45 knm, uhi ʻia me ka lauoho ʻulaʻula, he liʻiliʻi ka poʻo me nā pepeiao pepeiao nunui. Tail - a i 30 cm me kahi kāwele ʻeleʻele, ʻaʻohe ona pouli ma ka waha.
Alope fox (Vulpes rueppellii)
Hiki ke loaʻa kēia alopeke ma Morocco, Somalia, ʻAigupita, Afghanistan, Cameroon, Nigeria, Chad, Kongo, Sudan. Koho i nā wao nahele ma ke ʻano he wahi noho. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ke kala hulu hipa - ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo, ke one māmā, nā māka pouli a puni nā maka i ke ʻano o nā kaha. He mau wāwae lōʻihi kona a me nā pepeiao nui, mahalo i ka mea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā hana hoʻololi wela i ke kino. I ka lōʻihi hiki i 45-53 knm, ke kaumaha - a i 2 kg, huelo - 30-35 cm.
'Amelika Corsac (Vulpes velox)
ʻO kahi kamaʻāina o nā pā a me nā steppe o ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. ʻO ke kala o ka ʻahuʻula he waiwai nui: he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kona, ʻeleʻele nā wāwae, ʻo ka huelo he 25-30 cm, fluffy loa me kahi wēlau ʻeleʻele. I ka lōʻihi hiki i 40-50 knm, ke kaupaona - 2-3 kg.
Alopeke Afghanistan (Vulpes cana)
Noho i nā wahi mauna o Afghanistan, Baluchistan, Iran, Israel. Liʻiliʻi ka nui o ke kino - a i 50 cm ka lōʻihi, ke kaumaha - a i 3 kg. ʻO kaʻulaʻula o ke kapaʻahuʻula keʻokeʻoʻulaʻula me nā kaha tanʻeleʻele, i ka hoʻoilo e lilo iʻoi aku ka ikaika - me kahi kala kala. ʻAʻohe lauoho o nā pā o nā pā, no laila neʻe maikaʻi ka holoholona ma nā kuahiwi a me nā pali piʻi.
Fox Fenech (Vulpes zerda)
He kamaʻāina o nā wao nahele ʻo ʻApelika ʻĀkau. ʻOkoʻa ia mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e kahi mu mu liʻiliʻi a me kahi ihu pōkole, snub. ʻO ia ka mea nona nā pepeiao nui i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia. He melemele momona ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻeleʻele ke kāwele ma ka huelo, māmā ka mū. ʻO kahi predator thermophilic maoli, i nā mahana ma lalo o 20 kekelē, hoʻomaka ia e paʻa. Kaona - a i 1.5 kg, lōʻihi - a 40 cm, huelo - a i 30 cm.
Alopeke fox a polar fox (Vulpes (Alopex) lagopus)
Hoʻonohonoho kekahi mau ʻepekema i kēia ʻano i ka genus o nā ʻalopeke. Noho i nā tundra a me nā wahi polar. ʻO ke kala o nā ʻalopeke Arctic he ʻelua mau ʻano: "polū", a he kala ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo kona, a hoʻololi ʻia i ʻeleʻele i ke kauwela, a me "keʻokeʻo", a huli ʻeleʻele i ke kauwela. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i ka holoholona 55 knm, ke kaumaha - a i 6 kg, hulu me kahi mānoanoa o lalo, paʻa loa.
Nā ʻano ʻalopeke o ka lālā Urocyon, a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke hina
Noho ka lālā o nā ʻalopeke hina i ka honua ma mua o 6 miliona mau makahiki, ma waho he ʻano like lākou me nā ʻalopeke maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe pilina pilina ma waena o lākou.
Hoʻopili kēia lālā i nā ʻano aʻe:
Alopeke hina (Urocyon cinereoargenteus)
Noho i ʻAmelika Hema a me kekahi mau moku o ka Hema. He kala hina-kālā kā ka lole me nā māka tan liʻiliʻi, nā ʻūlū ʻulaʻula. Aia ka huelo i 45 cm, ʻulaʻula a fluffy, ma kona lihi o luna kahi kahi o ka hulu ʻeleʻele lōʻihi. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka ʻalopeke i 70 knm. ʻO ke kaupaona 3-7 kg.
Alopeke mokupuni (Urocyon littoralis)
Habitat - Nā Mokupuni Canal kokoke i Kaleponi. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka fox, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o 50 cm a me ke kaumaha 1.2-2.6 kg. Ua like ka helehelena me ko ka fox hina, ʻo ka mea ʻokoʻa wale nō ka lawelawe ʻana o nā mea kolo i meaʻai na kēia ʻano.
Alopeke pepeiao pepeiao nui (Otocyon megalotis)
Loaʻa i nā steppes o Zambia, ʻAitiopa, Tanzania, ʻApelika Hema. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka ʻahuʻula mai smoky a i ka auburn. ʻO nā pā, nā pepeiao a me ka ʻāʻī ma ke kua i ʻeleʻele. Lahilahi nā lālā a lōʻihi hoʻi, hoʻopili ʻia no ka holo wikiwiki ʻana. ʻAi i nā ʻelala a me nā meheu liʻiliʻi. ʻO kona hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona kahi iwi āwaliwali, ʻo ka helu o nā niho i ka waha he 46-50.
Nā ʻano ʻalopeke lālā o Dusicyon (nā ʻalopeke ʻAmelika Hema)
Ua pani ʻia ka lālā ʻAmelika Hema e nā ʻelele e noho ana i ka panalāʻau o Hema a me Lakina ʻAmelika. Habitat - ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ke kala o ke kapaʻahuʻula ke hina pinepine me nā māka tan. He haiki ke poʻo, lōʻihi ka ihu, nunui nā pepeiao, hāhā ka huelo.
Nā ʻanoʻano e pili ana i ka lālā Dusicyon
Andan fox (Dusicyon (Pseudalopex) culpaeus)
He kamaʻāina ʻo ia ma Andes. Hiki iā ia a 115 cm ka lōʻihi a kaupaona a 11 kg. ʻO ka ʻāpana luna o ke kino hinahina-ʻeleʻele, me nā wēlau hina, ʻulaʻula ka hau a me ka ʻōpū. Aia kekahi lola ʻeleʻele ma ka hope o ka huelo.
Alopeka ʻAmelika Hema (Dusicyon (Pseudalopex) griseus)
Noho i nā pampas o Rio Negro, Paraguay, Chile, Argentina. Hiki i 65 knm, kaupaona i 6.5 kg. Ma waho, he like ia me kahi ʻīlio hae ʻuʻuku: ʻāhinahina hina ke kapa, hina keʻokeʻo nā wāwae, kūleʻa ka waha, pōkole ka huelo, ʻaʻole palupalu, a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia i ka wā e hele wāwae ana.
Sekuran fox (Dusicyon (Pseudalopex) sechurae)
ʻO kona wahi kai nā wao nahele o Peru a me ʻEkuador. He hina māmā ke kapa, me nā wēlau ʻeleʻele i nā wēlau, hoʻopili ʻia ka huelo me kahi wēlau ʻeleʻele. Hiki iā 60-65 cm i ka lōʻihi, kaupaona iā 5-6.5 kg, ka lōʻihi o ka huelo - 23-25 cm.
ʻAlopeka Palakila (Dusicyon vetulus)
ʻO ke kala o kēia kamaʻāina o Brazil he mea kupaianaha loa ia: ʻo ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma, ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka huelo he kaha ʻeleʻele e pau me kahi wēlau ʻeleʻele. He pōkole a mānoanoa ka pale. Pokole ka ihu, liʻiliʻi ke poʻo.
Ka ʻalopeke a Darwin (Dusicyon fulvipe)
Loaʻa ma Chile a ma Chiloe Island. He lālani ʻaneʻane make ia a no laila pale ʻia i ka Nauelbuta National Park. Hinahina ke kala o ka ʻahu ma ke kua, milky ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino. He 26 knm ka huelo, fluffy me kahi palaki ʻeleʻele, pōkole nā wāwae. I ka lōʻihi a hiki i 60 knm, ke kaupaona - 1.5-2 kg.
ʻO Fox Maikong (Dusicyon<<)
ʻO nā uhi kauhale a me nā ululāʻau o ʻAmelika Hema, e like loa me ka ʻīlio hae liʻiliʻi. Hinahina-ʻeleʻele kona kāʻei, keʻokeʻo ka piko o ka huelo. Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, pōkole ka ihu, kuli ka pepeiao. Hiki iā 65-70 cm i ka lōʻihi a kaupaona iā 5-7 kg.
Alopeke pepeiao pōkole (Dusicyon (Atelocynus)
Koho ʻo ia i nā ulu lāʻau tropika ma nā kahawai ʻo Amazon a me Orinoco. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o kēia ʻalopeke kahi hina hina, me ka malu māmā o ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona he mau pepeiao pōkole, a he ʻano poepoe ko lākou. Pōkole nā wāwae, hoʻololi ʻia no ka hele wāwae ʻana ma waena o nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe, no ka mea, he ʻano liʻiliʻi kāna hele ʻana. Liʻiliʻi ka waha me nā niho liʻiliʻi a ʻoi.
