Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Nihi Kaʻa -ʻo kēia nā mea ola loa a hoihoi loa, nona nā kūpuna mamao loa, e like loa me nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia au i ka hanana a me ka helehelena, i noho ma ka honua honua ma mua o ʻekolu haneli miliona mau makahiki i hala, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā Carboniferous.
Mai ia manawa, ua loaʻa i kā lākou poʻe mamo kekahi mau loli holomua, a no laila ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia e nā ʻepekema o kēia au he primitive. Akā, me kēia, hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau mea ola he kū hoʻokahi.
Hōʻike ʻia kēia i nā mea āpau: i ke ʻano, i ke ʻano o ka hānai ʻana a me ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana, i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola, i ka luhi ʻole a me ka wikiwiki o kēia mau mea, a me nā mea hiki ʻole iā lākou ke hūnā ʻia, kahi a lākou e kū ʻole ai e hoʻopūʻiwa i nā mea noiʻi o ka honua holoholona o ko mākou honua nui.
Nihi Kaʻa – pepeke, pili i ke ʻano o nā amphibionts, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā meaola ola i hoʻomaʻa kūleʻa i ke ola i nā wahi ʻelua: ma ka ʻāina a me ka wai, a no laila ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike ʻia i nā ʻāina me kahi ʻano maloʻo.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā dragonflies he mau dinosaur mua lākou
Nui nā laha o nā dragonflies (a aia ka nui o ka nui ma mua o ʻeono tausani mau ʻano) lawe i ko lākou ola i nā wahi tropical o Asia a me ʻAmelika Hema, kahi e maʻa mau ai lākou i nā nāhele ulu.
Hoʻohui ʻia, noho lākou ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAukekulelia a me ʻApelika, aia ma Turkey, ʻIrana, ʻItalia a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka pae ʻāina ʻo Eurasia me kahi ʻano like.
Ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau ʻano o kēia mau meaola i loaʻa aʻa aʻaʻa a noho i nā wahi ākea Lūkia. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻololi lākou i ke ola ma nā ʻāina āpau koe ʻo Antarctica. ʻAʻole nō lākou e ʻike ʻia ma Greenland a me Iceland. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mahalo i kēia mea a paʻa i kona maikaʻi kū hoʻokahi. hihi i nā kiʻi.
Pākuʻi nā dragonflies i ko lākou mau ʻeheu ma kahi iki o 30 mau manawa i ka minuke, no laila ʻaʻole lohe ʻia nā buzzing mai iā lākou
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ko lākou helehelena i:
- he poʻo kolohe nui, hoʻoneʻe ʻia i ka umauma;
- pahu, kūkulu ʻia ʻekolu mau ʻāpana (mua, waena, kua);
- ke kino loloa loloa, māhele ʻia i 11 ʻāpana;
- nā'ēheu aniani chitinous (ʻelua pālua);
- ʻōpū ʻōlinolino olinolino ʻōlinolino;
- wāwae wīwī paʻakikī (ʻeono mau ʻāpana).
ʻO nā waihoʻoluʻu o kēia mau kolo hiki ke lilo i kala loa a me ke kumu: kū lākou i ka polū, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, polū, nā aka melemele, e ʻālohilohi me ka momi makamae, he ʻeleʻele a he mau kiko. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa a kēpau poʻo keʻokeʻo (mōakāka).
Kupaianaha ke ʻano o nā ʻokana o ka hihi o kēia pepeke. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻopili kēia mau mea i ka nui, ʻekolu hapahā o ke poʻo, nā maka helehelena. Kūkulu ʻia lākou mai kanakolu tausani mau mea (facets), hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kēlā me kēia mea he okana i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e hana kūʻokoʻa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻonoho ʻia nā ʻaoʻao i nā lālani, kekahi o ia mau mea e hoʻokaʻawale i ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā mea, a ʻo ka ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o lākou e ʻike nei i nā nalu kala o kahi laulā ʻokoʻa loa, e like me ultraviolet.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lei o kēia mau mea me nā maka hou he ʻekolu hou aku i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka huinakolu. ʻAe nā ʻōhua āpau o ka hihiʻo i ka dragonfly e ʻike i nā wahi a puni i kahi pōʻai ma 360 ° a hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea e pono ai i kahi mamao o ʻewalu mau mika a ʻoi paha.
Akā me kēia mau mea āpau, hoʻomohala pono ʻole ʻia nā ʻano manaʻo ʻē aʻe i nā dragonflies. Ka palena o ko lākou honi. ʻAʻohe loa ka hoʻolohe ʻana, aia wale nā antennae-antennae ma ke kumu o nā ʻeheu e ʻohi i nā haʻalulu kani.
ʻO ke ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā maka e ʻae i ka dragonfly e ʻike i ke ākea i nā 360 kekelē
Nā ʻano
Hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau meaola i loko o kahi āpau kaʻina o nā mea kolo. Nihi Kaʻa no laila, mahele ʻia, ua māhele ʻia i mau subords. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka Homoptera ka mea i haʻi mua ʻia. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻelele o kēia suborder nā: liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi; ʻO ke kino leʻaleʻa māmā, ʻōpū elongated: ʻo nā ʻēheu o nā pālua o ka nui like, e pelu ʻana i waho o ka lele. ʻO nā ʻano hoihoi loa, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i kēia mau mea:
1. Lokomaikaʻi ka pua. Kūleʻa kēia ʻano like ʻole ma ʻEulopa holoʻokoʻa. ʻO kona mau lunamakaʻāinana ma kahi o 35 mm ka lōʻihi a loaʻa i kahi ʻōpū lōʻihi lahilahi. Mālamalama ko lākou mau ʻeheu, hina-ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi ko lākou mau wāwae.
ʻO ke koena o ke kino, i kāhiko ʻia me kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona, ka mea i hoʻomalu ʻia e nā leo matte ʻeleʻele, polū a ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha.
Kāhea ʻia kahi dragonfly lokomaikaʻi he pae
2. kaikamahine maikaʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi ʻaneʻane 5 cm. Loaʻa i nā kāne i ka sheen bluish a metallic paha, i kekahi manawa me ka hoʻohui o nā leo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He aniani moakaka, eheu uahi me nā ʻāpana ʻāhinahina-hina nā wahine. Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ma ʻAsia, ʻo ia nā dragonflies i loaʻa ma Siberia hema.
ʻOkoʻa nā kaikamahine nani kāne a wahine wahine kekahi i kekahi i nā kala
3. Noho ka lute dull ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rūsia i ka wai pāpaʻu i ulu i ka mauʻu. ʻŌmaʻomaʻo ke kala me ka sheen metallic, i kekahi manawa kū kūʻē nā kiko ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kahi kua melemele.
He nui nā ʻano a me nā waihoʻoluʻu o ko Lutona dragonfly
Hoʻopili ka lua o ka suborder i nā ʻēheu ʻokoʻa. ʻO nā ʻēheu hope o kēlā mau dragonflies kahi kumu i hoʻonui ʻia. Ma waho o ka lele, aia nā pāheu ʻelua i kahi mokuʻāina lōʻihi. ʻO ia mau ʻano ʻenekia ke kaena nei i ka wikiwiki lele. Ma waena o nā ʻano, pono e haʻi nui ʻia ka mea aʻe.
1. He kupuna kāne maʻamau. Hiki i kēlā mau dragonfly ke lōʻihi i ka lōʻihi o 5 cm. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ko lākou mau maka. He melemele ka umauma me nā kaha ʻulaʻula oblique, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū me nā kiko melemele ma nā ʻaoʻao a me ka laina lonikū o ke kala like. ʻEleʻele nā wāwae, aniani nā ʻeheu. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa ma Central Asia a me Caucasus.
Kupuna kāne maʻamau
2. Noho ka dragonfly koko ma Eurasia a me ʻApelika ʻĀkau. ʻO nā ana o kēlā ʻano ʻelima i 4 cm. dragonfly ʻulaʻula... I kekahi manawa he ʻalani a melemele-ʻeleʻele ke kino o ia mau mea. Amber nā kumu o nā ʻeheu, pouli nā wāwae. Ua hoʻonani ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ka umauma me nā kaha ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū ma lalo.
Hiki i nā dragonfly ke hoʻohui i nā aka ʻulaʻula i ke kala
Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa o ke kolu o ka suborder: Anisozygopter. Ma ke ʻano he pili, pili kokoke loa kona mau lunamakaʻāinana i nā ʻēheu like ʻole, akā hoʻohui lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā suborder ʻelua i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua.
He 6650 ka nui o nā dragonflies i ʻike ʻia, a ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻeono haneli o lākou he fossil. Akā ʻaʻole kēia ka palena, no ka mea, i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻike ʻia nā ʻano hou i kahi lehulehu.
ʻO ka ʻohana laulaha nui loa mai kēia ʻoka ʻo nā dragonflies maoli, a kapa ʻia hoʻi he ʻōpū palahalaha. Loaʻa iā ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi tausani mauʻano. ʻOkoʻa ka nui o kona mau lunamakaʻāinana, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e hiki ana i ka lōʻihi o 3 cm wale nō, aia nā dragonflies a ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 cm, nona nā ʻeheu e hiki ke loaʻa i kahi 10 cm.
ʻOkoʻa nā kala, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka melemele-melemele, kāhiko ʻia me nā kaula ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā polū a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻulaʻula.
ʻ dragonpala dragonfly ʻula
ʻO ka mea ākea ākea loa o ka laha ka mea liʻiliʻi ʻulaʻula. ia lipeona gula (ʻulaʻula melemele). ʻIke ʻia nā mea ola e lele kiʻekiʻe. Ma waho aʻe o Antarctica, he mau ia ma nā ʻāina āpau.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Hoʻolahalaha maikaʻi ʻia nā dragonflies i kēlā mau panalāʻau wale nō o ka honua kahi i mālama ʻole ʻia ai nā mahana maikaʻi ʻole ma mua o ʻekolu mau mahina o ka makahiki. ʻO kā lākou hoʻolaha ākea a me nā ʻano laha ma muli o ke kumu kahiko o kēia mau kolo, ko lākou hiki ke neʻe i kahi ākea me ka wikiwiki, a me nā ʻano kumuwaiwai a me nā makemake ʻono.
ʻO ke ala o ke ola no ia mau ʻano pepeke he amphibiotic. ʻO kēia ke hele nei nā hua a me nā larvae o ia mau meaola i loko o nā pae o ko lākou ulu ʻana i ka wai, ʻoiai e hana ana nā mākua (mākua) i kā lākou hana nui i ka ea a ma ka ʻāina.
He pepa lele kupaianaha kēia, maʻalahi e ʻike ʻia e ka nānā ʻana mooniho i ke kau wela... He wikiwiki a wikiwiki lākou a i waena o nā mea kolo he ʻano champion lākou, e hoʻomohala nei i ka wikiwiki nui o ka neʻe ma o ka ea, a ma kekahi mau hihia hiki i 57 km / h.
ʻAʻole pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka wikiwiki wale nō, akā ʻo ke ʻano hoʻi o ka lele ʻana, a me ka maneuverability o kēia mau mea ola, kahi e kōkua nui ʻia ai e nā ʻano kino streamline.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo maoli ʻia ka lewa no ka dragonfly i home. I ka lele, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻai wale, akā ʻo ka wahine pū kekahi. Eia kekahi, he kolohe loa kēia, he poʻe ʻaihue loko ʻino, a no laila he kumu nā hopohopo nui o nā meaola mai ka honua insect inā lili lākou aka dragonfly.
Lele maikaʻi nā dragonflies a uhi i nā wahi lōʻihi i ka wikiwiki o 130 km / h me kahi tailwind
ʻO kēia mau mea ola, i noho i kekahi panalāʻau, kiaʻi kiaʻi iā ia mai nā mea hoʻokūkū a hakakā ikaika me ia me ko lākou ʻohana ponoʻī.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻAi ʻo Dragonflies i nā ʻano pepeke like ʻole. Hoʻopili pū kā lākou papaʻai i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko: nā midges, nā makika, nā lio. ʻO ke kinona o ke kino o kēia mau mea, i kōkua iā lākou e lele lele, hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi lawelawe nui i ka wā e ʻimi ai.
He maʻa ko nā Dragonflies e hoʻouka aku i kā lākou mau mea i hōʻino ʻia mai lalo mai, e kiʻi ana iā lākou i ka lewa. Aia kekahi wehewehe no kēia, no ka mea kūʻē i ka moʻo o ka lani, nā kino o ka hihiʻo o kēia mau mea ʻino, e pane ikaika i nā kala ultraviolet a me ka uliuli, hiki ke ʻike i nā mea ʻoi loa.
Hāʻawi maʻamau ʻia kēia mau mea kolo me ka waha ikaika a me nā auwae serrated, i mea e kōkua ai iā lākou e hana me ka mea pio. A kōkua ʻia kona hopu ʻia e nā pincer kūikawā, nā lauoho paʻakikī ma nā wāwae a me nā antennae pōkole.
Hiki i nā dragonflies ke ʻai i nā lālā nāwaliwali o kā lākou laha
I ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai, dragonfly hiki ke hana i ka hakakā hoʻokahi me kahi ʻenemi i ʻoi aku iā ia i ka nui. Nui ke aloha o kēia mau mea ola, kahi mea e waiwai nui ai, hoʻopau i nā makika, nā lele a me nā mea kolo weliweli.
Hoʻomaka lākou e alualu mai ka wanaʻao, a i ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā, noho lākou e hiamoe ma nā lau o nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ke hoʻomaka ka naʻau e hoʻokomo i nā dragonflies kāne e hānau hou i kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī, hui pū lākou i waena o lākou iho a hana i nā hipa nui, e ʻimi wikiwiki i nā hoa. Akā ʻo ka mea mua, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi capsule me kahi hua a lawe ʻia me lākou a hiki i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā lākou kahi wahine kūpono.
Hoʻokomo ʻia e kēia pahuhopu, ana lākou i nā panalāʻau e waiho kokoke ana i nā kino wai, ʻoiai ke pili pono nei ka hana hou ʻana o kēia mau mea kolo i kahi mea e like me ka wai. Akā ʻo ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kēia mau meaola ola i ka lewa.
I ka manawa like, paʻa nā kāne i nā wahine me nā māiʻuʻu, e hoʻopaʻa ana i ko lākou poʻo. I ka wā o ka moekolohe, hiki i nā kāne ke neʻe i ka lewa i kahi mokuʻāina pili.
Ma hope o ka momona, hele ka hoa i ka wai (i nā kahawai, nā kahawai, nā ʻūlū, nā ʻauwai, nā loko iʻa), kahi e waiho ai ʻo ia i mau hua manu, a hiki ka helu i nā ʻeono haneli ʻāpana. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā mea kanu e ulu ana ma luna a ma lalo o ka wai. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule, ʻike ʻia nā naiads (dragonfly larvae, a kapa ʻia hoʻi nā nymphs) mai ia mau paʻa ʻana.
He mea nui ka wai hou i ke ola o nā dragonflies
Hoʻonui a ulu ka naiad i ka mea wai, kahi e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai nāna, ke ʻimi holoholona. ʻO ka hiʻona ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka larvae e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i ko lākou poʻe i hōʻeha ʻia i nā manawa neʻe wale. Ke ʻimi holoholona, kī lākou i kā lākou mea pio me ka wai. A i kahi o ka weliweli, hiki i ka naiad ke pakele mai ka hoʻoweliweli ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi wikiwiki wikiwiki kūpono, i loaʻa ma ka hoʻokuʻi ʻana i ka ea mai ka piko.
I ka manawa like, ninini mau a ulu ka naiad, e ninini ana i ka ʻili kahiko paʻa. A hiki i ka helu o nā molts ke hiki i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kakini. I ka pae hope loa, huli ka dragonfly i kahi pepeke makua. Ua hohola kona mau ʻeheu a hoʻomau ʻo ia i kona ola i ka lewa.
Aia ka lōʻihi o ka hānai ʻana i ka larva i ka nui o nā meaʻai ma kahi kokoke iā ia. Manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia e hiki i kahi dragonfly ke noho i kēia mokuʻāina a ʻelima mau makahiki. He ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia wale nō kēia i nā hihia ʻē aʻe, no ka mea, no ka hapa nui o ke ola o kēlā mau ʻano ʻelala, a ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā pae ʻekolu o ko lākou ola ʻana, pōkole loa ia.
Larva kēpau Naiad
Eia nō naʻe, pili pono ia i ka nohona a me ka nui o kēia mau mea ola. Ma ka awelika, ʻaʻole ia ma mua o he ʻumi mau mahina. Akā ʻo nā kānaka nui loa, me kahi kūlana kūpono o nā kūlana i ka nāhelehele, hiki ke hoʻokō pono i kā lākou hana koʻikoʻi no ʻehiku a ʻoi paha mau makahiki.
No ke kāne, pono nui kēia mau mea ola. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, luku lākou i ka nui o nā mea kolo ʻānai koko, nā mea ʻino o nā ululāʻau a me ka ʻāina mahiʻai. A koe, dragonfly – mea kanu pollen, a hana e kōkua i nā mea kanu ke hanau hou, a me nā pi a me nā butterflies.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā larvae ke lawe mai i kahi pōʻino nui. Hoʻokūkū lākou me ka ʻai i ka meaʻai, ka mea e kōkua ai i ka hōʻemi ʻana o kā lākou helu.
