ʻO ka hydrosphere nā kumuwaiwai a pau ma ka honua, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka Honua Honua, ka wai kai a me nā wai kai ākea. Loaʻa iā ia o nā kumu aʻe:
- Nā muliwai a me nā loko;
- Ka wai lepo;
- aniani;
- māhu lewa;
- kai a me ka moana.
Hele mai ka wai i loko o ʻekolu mau mokuʻāina, a ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka wai a paʻa a i ʻole ke kinoea, a ʻo ka hope, ua kapa ʻia ka pōʻai wai i ke kūlohelohe. Hoʻopili kēia pōʻai i ke aniau a me nā ʻano pae.
Ka pilikia o ka haumia wai
ʻO ka wai ke kumu o ke ola no nā ola āpau ma ka honua, e like me ka poʻe, nā holoholona, nā mea kanu, a komo pū kekahi i nā ʻano hana kino, kemika a me nā meaola. Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kanaka i ka wai ma kahi o nā ʻāpana āpau o ke ola, ua hōʻino nui ke kūlana o kēia mau kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe i kēia manawa.
ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia nui i ka hydrosfir ka haumia. Hoʻomaopopo nā kānaka ʻepekema i kēia ʻano ʻano haumia o ka envelope wai:
- kūlohelohe;
- kemika;
- mīkini a kino paha;
- meaola;
- pumehana;
- radioactive;
- ma luna wale nō.
He paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo aʻe i ke ʻano o ka haumia i ʻoi aku ka weliweli, nā mea āpau āpau e hōʻino i nā kēkelē like ʻole, ʻoiai, i ko mākou manaʻo, ʻo ka pōʻino nui loa ka hopena o ka radioactive a me ka haumia kemikala. ʻO nā kumuwaiwai nui loa o ka hoʻohaumia e manaʻo ʻia he huahana aila a me nā ʻōpala paʻa, nā wai neoneo a me nā ʻoihana hana. Pēlā pū kekahi, hoʻopili ʻia nā pūmike kemika i loko o ka lewa a piʻi pū me ka ua i loko o ka wai.
Pilikia wai inu
Nui nā mālama wai ma ka honua, akā ʻaʻole kūpono ia no nā poʻe e pau. ʻO 2% wale nō o nā kumuwaiwai o ka honua e hele mai mai ka wai hou hiki ke inu ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo 98% ka wai paʻakai loa. I kēia manawa, hoʻohaumia nui ʻia nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe o ka wai inu, a ʻoi aku ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā pae nunui, kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻole ʻia ai, ʻaʻole kōkua nui i ke kūlana. Hoʻohui ʻia, mahele kaulike ʻole ʻia nā kumuwaiwai ma ka honua, a ʻaʻole hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻōnaehana wai ma nā wahi āpau, no laila aia nā wahi maloʻo o ka honua kahi i ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o ka wai ma mua o ke gula. Ma laila, make ka poʻe i ka make wai, keu hoʻi nā keiki, ʻoiai ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka wai inu i manaʻo ʻia he pili a he global hoʻi i kēia lā. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai lepo, hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻole, alakaʻi i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, a ʻo kekahi o lākou e alakaʻi i ka make.
Inā ʻaʻole hopohopo mākou e pili ana i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka pae o ka haumia o ka hydrosfir a mai hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kino wai, a laila e hoʻopōʻino ʻia kekahi poʻe e ka wai lepo, ʻo kekahi e hoʻomaloʻo wale me ka ʻole o ia.
