Hoʻokumu ʻia nā lepo Podzolic i nā ululāʻau coniferous. Pili pū nā ʻanoʻano o ka flora nahele a me nā waikawaola i ke kumu o kēia ʻano lepo. Kūpono kēia ʻano ʻāina no ka ulu ʻana o nā conifers, nā laʻalāʻau, nā mea kanu lau nahele, nā limu a me nā laikini.
Nā kūlana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o podzol
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻano lepo Podzolic ma lalo o nā kūlana aʻe:
- wela o ke ea;
- aquarium pākaukau;
- hāʻule ka ʻike nitrogen haʻahaʻa i nā lau i ka honua;
- hana lohi o nā microorganism;
- decomposition fungal-hana ana i ka waikawa;
- hau paʻa honua;
- hana ka lau i hāʻule i lalo papa;
- ka leaching o nā waikawa i nā papa o lalo o ka lepo.
Hāʻawi nā kūlana o ka ululāʻau coniferous i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻano ʻāina kūikawā - podzolic.
Ka haku ʻana o ka lepo podzolic
Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo nā lepo podzolic kahi hui nui o nā lepo i loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano. Aia ka lepo i mau papa. ʻO ka mea ma mua o ka nahele ʻōpala, kahi e noho ai i kahi pae o 3 a 5 kenimika, he kala ʻeleʻele kona. Loaʻa i kēia papa nā ʻano ʻokanika like ʻole - nā lau, nā nila kiki, nā moʻo, nā holoholona. ʻO ka papa ʻelima he 5 a 10 mau kenimika ka lōʻihi a keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo i ke kala. He pae humus-eluvial kēia. ʻO ke kolu o ka papa podzolic. He mānoanoa, mānoanoa, ʻaʻohe ona ʻano maopopo, a keʻokeʻo lehu. Aia ia ma ka pae o 10-20 mau kenimika. ʻO ka hā - ka papa illuvial, aia ma ka pae o 10 a 30 kenetimika, ʻeleʻele a melemele, ʻeleʻele loa a me ke ʻano ʻole. ʻAʻole humus wale ia, akā he ʻāpana lepo. Eia hou, aia kekahi papa i hoʻonui ʻia me ka humus, a me kahi pae illuvial ʻē aʻe. Hahai ʻia kēia e ka pōhaku makua. Pili ka malu o ka papa i ke kala o ka laha. ʻO nā aka melemele-keʻokeʻo nui kēia.
Ma ka laulaha, loaʻa i ka podzol ma kahi o ʻelua pakeneka humus, kahi e momona ʻole ai ka ʻāina, akā ua lawa kēia no ka ulu ʻana o nā kumulāʻau coniferous. ʻO nā mea haʻahaʻa o nā kumuwaiwai pono kūpono ma muli o nā ʻano koʻikoʻi.
ʻO ke ʻano kūlohelohe o ka ululāʻau coniferous e hōʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano o ka lepo e like me nā lepo podzolic. Manaʻo ʻia he infertile, akā maikaʻi loa ia no ka ulu ʻana o ka larch, fir, pine, kedera, spruce a me nā lāʻau mau mau loa. ʻO nā meaola āpau o ke kaiaolaola ulu lāʻau coniferous e komo i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka lepo podzolic.
