Loaʻa nā ulu lāʻau ulu i nā wahi like ʻole o ka honua. Aia lākou ma ka hema o ka zona ulu lāʻau coniferous. ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka nahele kāwili ʻia ʻo birch, linden, aspen, spruce a me ka pine. I ka hema, aia he lāʻau ʻoka, maples a me nā elms. Ke ulu nei ʻo Elderberry a me hazel, raspberry a me nā buckthorn i nā papa haʻahaʻa. Aia i waena o nā mea kanu nā strawberry a me nā blueberry hihiu, nā fungus a me nā limu. Kapa ʻia kahi nahele inā kāwili ʻia inā loaʻa nā lāʻau laulā a ma ka liʻiliʻi he 5% o nā conifers.
I ka mahele nahele huikau, aia kahi hoʻololi maopopo o nā kau. Lōʻihi loa ke kauwela a mehana. Anuanu ke anuanu a lōʻihi hoʻi. Ma kahi o 700 millimeter o ka heleleʻi e heleleʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻOi loa ka wela ma aneʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā lepo Sod-podzolic a me nā ulu lāʻau brown i nā ululāʻau o kēia ʻano. Nui lākou i ka humus a me nā meaʻai. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā hana biochemical ma aneʻi, a hāʻawi kēia i ka ʻokoʻa o nā flora a me nā holoholona.
Na ululaau huikau o Eurasia
I nā ululāʻau o ʻEulopa, ulu nā lāʻau ʻoka a me nā lehu, ulu like nā pine a me nā spruces, loaʻa nā maples a me nā lindens, a ma ka ʻāpana hikina ua hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻāhiu a me nā elms. I ka papa o nā nāhelehele, ulu ka hazel a me ka honeysuckle, a i ka papa haʻahaʻa - nā ferns a me nā mauʻu. I ka Caucasus, hoʻohui ʻia ka fir-ʻoka a me nā ululāʻau spruce-beech. Ma ka Hikina hikina, aia nā ʻano pina kedara a me nā ʻoka Mongolian, nā pelena Amur a me nā lime nunui, nā spruces ayan a me nā firs i ninini ʻia, larch a me nā kumu lehu Manchurian.
I nā kuahiwi o Asia Hema, me ka spruce, larch a me fir, hemlock a me yew, linden, maple a me birch ulu. I kekahi mau wahi aia nā kumulāʻau o jasmine, lilac, rhododendron. ʻIke nui ʻia kēia ʻokoʻa ma nā kuahiwi.
Na ululaau huikau o Amerika
Loaʻa nā nahele huikau i nā kuahiwi ʻo Appalachian. Nui nā wahi o ka maple kō a me ka beech. Ulu ʻo Balsam fir a me Carolina hornbeam i kekahi mau wahi. I Kaleponi, hoʻolaha nā ululāʻau, kahi i loko o ia ʻano nā ʻano fir, nā ʻoka ʻelua kala, nā sequoias a me ka hemlock komohana. Hoʻopiha ʻia ka ʻāina o ka Lakes Nui me nā ʻano firs a me nā pine, nā firs a me nā leka, nā birch a me nā hemlock.
ʻO kahi nahele ulu lāʻau kahi kaiaolaola kūikawā. Hōʻike ia i kahi nui o nā mea kanu. I ka papa o nā kumulāʻau, ʻoi aku ka nui o 10 mau ʻano i loaʻa i ka manawa like, a i ka papa o nā kumulāʻau, ʻike ʻia ka like ʻole, he ʻokoʻa i nā ululāʻau coniferous. ʻO ka pae haʻahaʻa kahi home o nā mauʻu mau makahiki a me nā perennial, mosses a me nā lau. Hāʻawi kēia mau mea āpau i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he nui ka nui o nā holoholona i loaʻa i kēia mau ulu lāʻau.
