ʻO nā Crocodiles kahi ʻano hoihoi loa o nā predator semi-aquatic. Pili kēia mau holoholona i ke ʻano o ka aquatic vertebrates a loaʻa i ke kūlana o nā kānaka nui loa o nā mea kolo. ʻO ka mōʻaukala, manaʻo ʻia nā crocodiles nā mamo kahiko o nā dinosaur, ʻoiai ʻo kēia ʻano ma mua o 250 miliona mau makahiki. Ma ka pololei, kū hoʻokahi kēia ʻano, mai ka wā o ka noho nui ʻana, ʻaʻole i loli iki kona helehelena. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, e like me nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kūkulu kūloko, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā crocodiles me nā manu, ʻoiai he kolo lākou. ʻO ka inoa "crocodile" mai ka huaʻōlelo Helene "crocodilos", ʻo ia hoʻi "worm nut". Malia paha i ka wā kahiko ua hoʻohālikelike ka poʻe Helene i ka crocodile me kahi mea kolo me ka ʻāhā puʻupuʻu, a me kahi ilo, i hōʻike ʻia e kona kino lōʻihi.
ʻAno Crocodile
I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia he 23 mau ʻano kūpona. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau ʻano i nā ʻohana a me nā ʻohana 3.
ʻO ke kauoha i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Crocodilia pū kekahi:
- Nā crocodile maoli (13 mau ʻano);
- Alligators (8 ʻano);
- ʻO Gavialovs (ʻano 2).
Nā ʻano laulā o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā koka maoli
ʻO ke kauoha o nā crocodile maoli he 15 mau ʻano o nā mea ʻaihue, ʻokoʻa ka helehelena a me ka nohona. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā crocodiles kahi inoa e pili pū me kā lākou laulā ākea.
Māhele ʻia nā crocodile i nā ʻano aʻe:
Mākaha (a i ʻole saline, wai paʻakai) crocodile... He hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa ko kēia lunamakaʻāinana i ke ʻano o nā kualono i ka wahi o ka maka. ʻO ka helehelena o kēia laha ke hoʻoulu i ka makaʻu ma muli o ka nui o ka nui. Manaʻo kūpono ʻia kēia laha ka predator nui loa a weliweli hoʻi ma waena o nā crocodiles. Hiki i ka nui o ke kino a i 7 mau mika ka lōʻihi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hui me kēia lunamakaʻāinana ma Hikina Hema ʻo ʻAsia a me ʻAukekulia ʻAkau.
Crocodile Nile... ʻO ka ʻike nui dimensional ma ʻApelika. Kū ka lua i ka nui ma hope o ka crocodile wai paʻakai. ʻO ke kino o Dean o kēia lunamakaʻāinana ka mea i mau ai nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Akā kau inoa inoa ʻia ʻaʻole hiki i 6 mau mika keu.
ʻ Indiannia (a i ʻole ka puaʻa) crocodile a mea hoʻokalakupua paha... Ma nā kūlana o nā laha holoʻokoʻa, he ʻawelike awelika ka ʻokikena India. ʻO ka nui o ke kāne he 3 mika. Hoʻololi kūpono kēia ʻano i ka ʻāina a hiki ke hoʻolilo i ka hapa nui o ka manawa ma laila. Noho i ka panalāʻau o India.
ʻAkakea (a i ihu kuʻi)... Hiki i kēia lunamakaʻāinana ke hōʻea i ka nui o kahi crocodile Nile. Ua manaʻo ʻia he mea kolo weliweli ia, akā ʻaʻole iki ia i ka poʻe. ʻO ka inoa ʻo "shout-snout" ka mea i loaʻa i nā ʻāʻī elongated a ololi hoʻi. Loaʻa ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano ma ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAkau ʻĀkau.
ʻŌpala ʻApelika... Manaʻo ʻia kahi crocodile he ihu hāiki no kona ʻano kikoʻī o ka mora. ʻO ka ʻiki a me ka lahilahi o nā ā ā hiki i kēia ʻano ke maʻalahi maʻalahi i ka lawaiʻa. Ua helu ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka Red Book e like me ka mea ʻaneʻane pau. Ua ola nā ʻano hope loa ma Gabon i ʻApelika.
Crocodile ʻo Orinoco... ʻO ka lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o ʻAmelika Hema. Loaʻa iā ia kahi mu muiki liʻiliʻi e kōkua i ke kiʻi ʻana i ke ola kai no ka meaʻai. ʻOi aku ka ʻeha o kēia lunamakaʻāinana i ka poʻe ʻai makaʻi i ka mea nui, no ka mea, kaumaha kona ʻili ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele.
ʻO ka crocodile ʻāʻī ʻo Australia a i ʻole ka crocodile ʻo Johnston... Lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi. He 2.5 mika ka lōʻihi o ke kāne. Noho i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Australia.
Crocodile Pilipino... ʻO ka heluna kanaka o kēia laha loaʻa wale ma Philippines. Aia ka ʻokoʻa kūwaho i ka hanana ākea o ka waha. Manaʻo nui ʻia ka crocodile Pilipino. Akā ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o kona wahi noho mai nā wahi noho kanaka, kākaʻikahi loa ka hoʻouka ʻana.
Crocodile ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a i ʻole Crocodile Morele... Ua ʻike wale ʻia kēia ʻano i ka makahiki 1850 e ka naturalist Palani ʻo Morele, kahi i loaʻa ai i ka koloke ka inoa waena. Noho ka lāhui Morele i ka ʻāina me nā wai wai wai o Central America.
Crocodile guinea hou... Ua helu ʻia ka lunamakaʻāinana i ka puke ʻula. Aia kona wahi noho ma Indonesia wale nō. Makemake ʻo ia e noho i nā kino wai hou a pō hoʻi i ka pō.
Crocodile Cuban... Ua noho ʻo ia ma nā mokupuni ʻo Cuba. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia laha nā lālā lōʻihi lōʻihi, e ʻae iā ia e alualu i ka mea ʻai ma ka ʻāina. Ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano laha nui a kūpilikiʻi hoʻi.
Crocodile Siamese... He lunamakaʻāinana kākaʻikahi loa, kahi hiki ke loaʻa ma Kambupila wale nō. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku kona nui ma mua o 3 mika.
ʻApelika a i ʻole ʻōkuʻu ihu crocodile pygmy... ʻO kahi lunamaka'āinana liʻiliʻi loa o nā crocodiles. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 1.5 mika. Noho nā wahi puhaka o ʻApelika a me nā loko.
Nā ʻano laulā o ke kime alligator
ʻO ka lua o nā laha maʻamau. Nā 8 mau lunamakaʻāinana. Pākuʻi ʻia i nā ʻano aʻe:
ʻAmelika (a i ʻole ʻo Misisipi) kōkō. Manaʻo ʻia he ʻano nui loa ia o ka pūʻulu alligator. Hoʻololi ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā kāne ma kahi o 4 mika. ʻOkoʻa i nā ā ikaika. Noho ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻAmelika.
ʻAloha Pākē. ʻO kahi ʻike kū hoʻokahi i Kina. I ka nui a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 2 mika. He lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO ka heluna kānaka he 200 mau alligators wale nō.
Kaimana ʻeleʻele. Ma ka nui o ka nui, kaʻana ia i ka wahi mua me ka lunamakaʻāinana ʻAmelika. Hiki ke lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia alligator i 6 mika. Kaulana i ʻAmelika Latin. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ke kanaka.
Kaʻi Crocodile (a i ʻole i ʻike ʻia). Lunamakaʻāinana waena. ʻAʻole hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o 2.5 mau mika. ʻO ke koena o nā alligators i makemake nui ʻia, e hoʻolaha ana mai Belize a me Guatemala a i Peru a me Mexico.
Kaimana helehelena ākea. ʻO kahi ʻano nui. I ka nui aia ia mai 3 a 3.5 mau mika. Noho i ka panalāʻau o Argentina.
Paraguayan (a i ʻole Yakar) caiman. He lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi loa. Noho i ka hema wahi o Brazil a me ka ʻākau o ʻAtena. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma Paraguay a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Bolivia.
Dwarf (a i ʻole ʻoluʻolu) Cuvier caiman. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia caiman i ka 1.6 mika, he mea liʻiliʻi ia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kona poʻe ʻohana. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka lunamakaʻāliʻi liʻiliʻi o ke kime holoʻokoʻa. Noho nā ʻano ma Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, Ecuador a me Guyana. Ua ʻike mua ke kanaka maoli Palani Cuvier i kēia laha i 1807.
ʻO Schneider's ka helehelena mākaʻikaʻi (a dwarf paha). ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia laha ma mua o ka caiman o Cuvier. Hiki i kona nui ke piʻi i 2.3 mika. Hoʻomau ka wahi hoʻokaʻawale mai Venezuela a i ka hema o Brazil.
Nā ʻano laulā o ka hoʻokaʻawale Gavialov
ʻElua wale nō ʻano o kēia lunamakaʻāinana - eia kēia ʻĀwao gavial a crocodile gavial... Manaʻo ʻia kēia mau laha i nā reptile semi-aquatic nui e like me nā crocodiles maʻamau. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī kahi lahilahi loa o ka waha, me ke kōkua e hiki ai iā lākou ke pale me ka lawaiʻa.
Ua pālahalaha ʻia ka nohona o ka crocodile gavial i Indonesia, Vietnam a me Malaysia.
Loaʻa nā gavial Ganges i kekahi manawa ma Nepal, Myanmar a me Bangladesh. I nā wahi he nui, ua nalowale loa kēia ʻano. ʻO kahi kaʻawale o nā gavial e hoʻohana i ka hapa nui o ka manawa i ka wai, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hana me ka deftly i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī.
Mea ʻai Crocodile
ʻO ka hapanui o nā lunamaka makemake i ka ʻimi holoholona hoʻokahi, hiki i nā lāhui laha ʻole ke hui pū e ʻimi i kahi pio. Hoʻopili nā crocodile makua loa i ka pāʻani nui i kā lākou papaʻai. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:
- ʻAnelope;
- Liona;
- Rhinos a me nā ʻelepani;
- Hipopotamu;
- Buffaloes;
- ʻO Zebras.
ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi holoholona ʻē aʻe ke hoʻohālikelike me ka crocodile me kona mau niho ʻoi a me kona waha ākea. Ke hāʻule ka mea i loaʻa i ka waha o ka crocodile, a laila ʻaʻohe ala e puka aku ai. Ma ke ʻano he rula, moni ka buaya i kāna mea pio, a i kekahi manawa haehae iā ia i mau ʻāpana. ʻAi nā crocodiles nui i kahi nui o nā meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā, maʻamau 23% o ko lākou kino kaumaha.
Mai ka wā kahiko, ʻo ka iʻa kā lākou huahana mau. Ma muli o kona wahi noho, ʻo kēia ʻano meaʻai māmā ka wikiwiki a me ke kumu kūʻai.
Wā hānau a me nā pua
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Crocodiles he mea kolo wahine polygamous. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kau moekolohe e nā hakakā koko ma waena o nā kāne no ka maka o ka wahine i wae ʻia. Ke hana nei i kahi pālua, kau ka wahine i kāna mau hua ma ka pāpaʻu. E hūnā iā lākou mai ka prying maka, uhi i nā hua me ka honua a me ka mauʻu. Kanu kekahi mau wahine iā lākou i loko o ka lepo. Aia ka nui o nā hua i kau ʻia ma ka ʻano o nā lunamakaʻāinana. ʻO kā lākou helu he 10 a 100 paha. I ka wā o ka incubation, ʻaʻole neʻe ka wahine mai kāna paʻa ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo ia mau ka pale ʻana iā lākou mai ka makaʻu kūpono. ʻO ka manawa o ka helehelena o nā crocodiles e pili ana i nā kūlana o ka manawa, akā, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau mahina. Hānau ʻia nā crocodile liʻiliʻi i ka manawa like, a aneane hiki ʻole ka nui o ko lākou kino i 28 kenimika. ʻOiai e hoʻāʻo ana e puka i waho o ka pūpū, hoʻomaka nā keiki hānau hou e ʻūʻū me ka leo nui e ʻumeʻume i ka maka o ka makuahine. Inā lohe ka makuahine, kōkua ʻo ia i kāna keiki e puka i waho o kā lākou mau hua me kāna mau niho ʻoi, a haki ʻo ia i ka pūpū. Ma hope o ka paʻi maikaʻi ʻana, lawe ka wahine i kāna mau keiki i ka waihona wai.
I kekahi mau lā wale nō, haki ka makuahine i ka pili me kāna pua. Hele nā crocodile liʻiliʻi i ka nāhelehele me ka ʻole o ka mākaukau a me ke kōkua ʻole.
ʻAʻole mālama nā ʻano laha i kā lākou keiki. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua, haʻalele ka hapa nui o nā lunamakaʻāinana i kā lākou "pūnana" a haʻalele loa i nā keiki.
Ma muli o ka koi ʻia ʻana o nā crocodiles e ulu i ka wanaʻao, kiʻekiʻe loa ko lākou make i ka wā ʻōpio. Hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā crocodile liʻiliʻi e hūnā mai nā mea hihiu hihiu, a ma ka mua hānai wale lākou i nā mea kolo. Ke ulu nei i mua, hiki iā lākou ke pale aku i ka hopu holoholona ʻana i ka iʻa, a i ke ʻano o nā mākua, hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi i ka pāʻani nui.
Auila
ʻO nā moʻo'ōlelo āpau nā mea kolo semi-aquatic. Noho lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i nā kahawai a me nā waihona wai, a kū wale i ke kahakai i ke kakahiaka nui a i ʻole ke ahiahi.
Pili ka mahana o ke kino o kahi crocodile i kona wahi noho. ʻO nā pā o ka ʻili o kēia mau ʻelele e hōʻiliʻili i ka wela o ka lā, kahi e hilinaʻi ai ka mahana o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o nā fluctuations o ka mahana i 2 kekelē.
Hiki i nā Crocodiles ke hoʻolilo i kahi manawa i ka hibernating. Hoʻomaka kēia wā i loko o lākou i kahi kau maloʻo nui. I kēlā mau manawa, ʻeli lākou iā lākou iho i puka nui ma lalo o kahi wai e hoʻomaloʻo ana.
