ʻO ka nahele i ko mākou ʻano maʻamau kahi kahi e ulu ai nā kumu lāʻau, nāhelehele a me nā mauʻu. A ʻo nā ʻelele hoʻi o nā holoholona hihiu e ola nei: nā manu, nā ʻelala, nā holoholona, etc. I ka laulā, he ʻōnaehana biologia paʻakikī ka nahele, me ka ʻole e hiki ʻole ke ola ma ka honua. Kūlike nā ululāʻau āpau i kēlā me kēia me ka hilinaʻi i ka palena ʻāina a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. Nui nā mahele e pili ana i nā hōʻailona like ʻole, e noʻonoʻo i kekahi o lākou.
Nahele ululāʻau
Hana ʻia ka nahele Deciduous i nā ʻano lāʻau me nā lau. ʻAʻohe pines a firs paha, ma kahi o lākou - aspen, willow, wild apple, ʻoka, maple, etc. Akā ʻo ka lāʻau maʻamau no kēia ʻano ulu lāʻau ma Lūkia ʻo birch. He unpretentious loa ia, hiki ke ulu ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka lepo a he lōʻihi kona ola a 150 mau makahiki.
Loaʻa nā ululāʻau deciduous ākea ākea ma ka Hemolele ʻAkau. Kuhi ʻia nā wahi a lākou e ulu ai e ke aniau akahai a me ka hoʻololi maoli i ke kau o nā kau. I kēia ʻano nahele, nui nā papa: nā kumulāʻau o nā kiʻekiʻe like ʻole, a laila nā kumulāʻau, a ʻo ka hopena, uhi ka mauʻu. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano mauʻu ma mua o nā ʻano lāʻau.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka nahele deciduous ka hoʻokahe lau ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau anuanu. I kēia wā, lilo nā lālā lāʻau i kapa ʻole, a lilo ka nahele i "aniani moakaka".
Nā ululāʻau Broadleaf
ʻO kēia hui he mahele o ka nahele deciduous a komo i nā lāʻau me nā lau lau ākea. Mālama ka wahi ulu i nā wahi me kahi aniau mehana. No nā ululāʻau deciduous, kahi mahele like ʻana o ka mahana ma loko o ka makahiki kalena a, ma ke ʻano nui, he mea nui ka mehana.
Nahele ulu liilii
Hana ʻia kēia hui i nā ululāʻau, ka mea i hoʻomalu ʻia e ke ʻano o nā kumulāʻau me nā lau lau hāiki. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻo kēia nā birch, aspen a me alder. Ua pālahalaha kēia ʻano nahele ma ke komohana o Siberia, ma ka Hikina hikina.
ʻO ka ululāʻau lau liʻiliʻi ka māmā, no ka mea ʻaʻole hoʻopilikia ka lau i ka hele o ka lā. No laila, aia nā lepo momona a me nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole. ʻAʻole like me nā conifers, ʻaʻole koi nā lāʻau lau liʻiliʻi i nā ʻano nohona, no laila ala pinepine lākou i nā wahi o nā ʻenekini hana a me nā ahi nahele.
Nahele ulu lāʻau
ʻO kēia ʻano ulu lāʻau me nā lāʻau coniferous: spruce, pine, fir, larch, kedera, etc. ʻAneʻane ʻo lākou āpau e ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokuʻu i nā nila āpau i ka manawa like a ʻaʻole mau nā lālā i ʻōlohelohe. Larch ka mea ʻokoʻa. ʻOiai ke kū ʻana o nā nila kele i mua o ka hoʻoilo, hoʻokahe lākou iā lākou i ke ala like me nā lāʻau deciduous.
Ulu nā ulu lāʻau Coniferous i nā anuanu anuanu, i kekahi mau wahi e hele ana ma ʻō aku o ka Arctic Circle. Aia pū kēia ʻano i ka wahi aniau, a me nā kahawai, akā hōʻike ʻia ia i kahi liʻiliʻi.
He kalaunu mānoanoa ko nā lāʻau Coniferous e malu ai ka wahi a puni. Ma ke kumu o kēia ʻano, ʻokoʻa ka nahelehele coniferous ʻeleʻele a me ka malamalama. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke ʻano mua e ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lei aliʻi a me ka hoʻomālamalama haʻahaʻa ʻana o ka ʻili o ka honua. He lepo paʻakikī kona a me nā mea kanu maikaʻi ʻole. Loaʻa i nā ululāʻau coniferous māmā kahi canopy lahilahi, i hiki ai i ka lā ke komo ʻiʻini i ka honua.
Na ululaau huikau
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kahi ulu lāʻau i hui ʻia e ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano lāʻau deciduous a me nā coniferous. Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ʻia ke kūlana huikau inā ʻoi aku ma mua o 5% o kekahi ʻano. Loaʻa ka nahele mau i nā wahi me nā kauwela mehana a me nā hoʻoilo anuanu. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā mauʻu ma mua o nā nāhelehele coniferous. ʻO kēia ka mea, ʻo ka mea mua, i ka nui o ke kukui e komo i loko o nā kalaunu o nā kumu lāʻau.
Nā Waoakua
ʻO ka ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale o kēia ʻano nahele he tropical, equatorial a subequatorial zones. ʻIke ʻia lākou ma kahi o ka equator holoʻokoʻa o ka Honua. Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā tropika e nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole. Aia he mau kaukani mau ʻano mauʻu, nāhelehele a me nā kumulāʻau. Nui loa ka helu o nā laha he kākaʻikahi ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kanu like ʻelua e ulu ʻaoʻao ana.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā ululāʻau he ʻekolu pae. Hana ʻia ka mea kiʻekiʻe i nā kumulāʻau nunui, a ʻo kona kiʻekiʻe e piʻi i 60 mau mika. Aia kekahi o lākou, no laila ʻaʻole pili nā lei aliʻi, a komo i loko o ka nui o ka lā i nā lā aʻe. Ma ka "papahele ʻelua" he mau kumulāʻau a 30 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe. I kekahi mau wahi, hana kā lākou mau kalaunu i ka pale mānoanoa, no laila ulu nā mea kanu o ka papa haʻahaʻa i nā kūlana o ka nele o ka mālamalama.
Ululāʻau larch
ʻO kēia ʻano ulu lāʻau he coniferous, akā ʻokoʻa i nā mea like i kona hiki ke hoʻolei i nā nila i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka ʻano nui o ka lāʻau ma aneʻi he larch. He kumulāʻau ikaika ia e hiki ke ulu a ma nā lepo ʻilihune a me nā ʻano hau. Ke piʻi ʻana i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 80 mika, he kalaunu papakū ko ka larch, no laila ʻaʻole ia e lilo i mea keʻakeʻa koʻikoʻi i ka lā.
He momona ka ulu o nā ululāʻau, nui nā ʻano ulu a me nā mauʻu e ulu. Eia kekahi, aia pinepine kahi ulu ma ke ʻano o nā lāʻau deciduous haʻahaʻa: alder, willow, shrub birch.
Ua pālahalaha kēia ʻano nahele ma nā Urals, Siberia, a hiki i ka Arctic Circle. Nui ka ululāʻau nui ma ka Hikina hikina. Ulu pinepine nā Larches i nā wahi kahi hiki ʻole i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe ke ola kino. Mahalo i kēia, hoʻokumu lākou i ke kumu o nā ululāʻau āpau i kēia mau ʻāina. ʻO ka pinepine i kēia ʻano ulu nahele kahi waiwai holoholona, a ʻo nā palapala hoʻi me ka nui o nā hua a me nā lau. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i ka larch ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi i ka ea mai nā haumia hōʻino o ka hana ʻoihana.
