"ʻO ka hele wāwae e like me ka gogol" kahi ʻōlelo i lohe mau ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia e kamaʻilio ai i kahi kanaka haʻaheo. Eia wale nō ka mea maʻamau o ka moʻokalaleo honua N.V. ʻAʻole pili iki ʻo Gogol iā ia: ʻo kahi manu o ka ʻohana duck i hāʻawi i ke ola i ka huaʻōlelo - gogole hele wāwae nei me kona poʻo i kiola ʻia i hope a me ke kuʻi ʻana mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a kēia ʻaoʻao - e like me ke kanaka koʻikoʻi
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Gogol manu Nānā nā Ornithologists i nā pīpī luʻu ʻāhiu, hiki i kahi kino o 46 knm me ke kaumaha o 1.1 kg, aia kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi he nui o ka 450 gram, ʻoiai aia kekahi manu e kau ana 2 kg.
Ma ke kino nui o ka gogol, aia kahi poʻo triangular nui me ka lei aliʻi kikoʻī a me kahi nuku kiʻekiʻe ʻoi loa, ākea ma ke kumu a me ka lepe ʻana i ka piko. I ka manawa like, maʻamau ka ʻāʻī no nā pēpē - ʻaʻole nui a pōkole hoʻi.
ʻOkoʻa ke kala o nā pēpē heterosexual: i ka wā o ka moena, nā kāne manu gogol i ke kiʻi ke nānā aku nei lākou me he mea lā laulaha, loaʻa i ka plumage ʻeleʻele ma ke poʻo i ka sheen metallic greenish, kahi keʻokeʻo o nā ʻano pōʻai maʻamau e hōʻike ʻia ma ke kumu o ka nuku. Loli pū nā maka - lilo ka iris i melemele ʻōlinolino, pouli ke kala o ka nuku.
ʻO ka ʻōpū, nā ʻaoʻao a me ka umauma o ka manu he hau keʻokeʻo, ua hoʻonani ʻia nā poʻohiwi me kahi ʻāpana o nā hulu ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo hoʻi. ʻO ke kua, e like me ka huelo, ʻeleʻele, akā pena ʻia nā ʻeheu i ʻeleʻele a me ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā wāwae ʻalani he mau ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, kahi e kōkua ai i ka manu e kūpaʻa i kona mau wāwae.
ʻOi iki ka mālamalama o ka wahine: ʻaʻohe mea ʻokoʻa o kāna plumage, hina hina ke kino, he poʻo ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻāʻī me ke apo keʻokeʻo o nā hulu e kū kūʻē i kona kua. ʻO nā ʻeheu o nā kāne a me nā wahine he like like, a i ke kauwela, ke nalowale nā kāne i ka ʻōlinolino o ka plumage, paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā manu o nā ʻano wahine.
Nā ʻano
He manu liʻiliʻi ʻo Gogol Eia nō naʻe, ma ke ʻano, ʻekolu mau ʻano o kēia mau ʻāʻī, ʻokoʻa i ka nui o ke kino:
- maʻamau ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka nohona kūlohelohe. Ke hoʻohālikelike nei ke kala, ʻokoʻa ia i nā kāne a me nā wahine a pili i ka wā: i ka puna, hoʻomālamalama ka drake, no laila e ʻumeʻume i ka ʻāpō. Ma hope o ke kau moʻo, molts ʻo ia a lilo i mea ʻano iki mai ka wahine. He mea hoihoi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kekahi mau ʻepekema ʻelua mau ʻāpana o gogol maʻamau - ʻAmelika a me Eurasia, e noʻonoʻo ana i ke kaupaona a me ka nui o ka nuku ma ke ʻano he hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona. Eia naʻe, ʻae ʻae ʻia e noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka hopena o nā kumu kaiapuni, a he monotypic ka laha;
- liʻiliʻi like me ka lunamakaʻāinana maʻamau o ka laha, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui. ʻEleʻele ke kua o nā kāne, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻaoʻao, keʻokeʻo nā wahine, nondescript, me ka ʻalani brownish ma ke kua;
- Āinahau ʻano like me ka maʻamau, ʻo nā manu o ka moekolohe ʻokoʻa a me nā makahiki ma waho o ka wā hānau ʻaʻole paʻakikī e wehewehe ʻia. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna, hoʻololi ka Icelander i ke kala: ʻike ʻia nā hulu poni ma ke poʻo, a ʻoi aku kona ʻano triangular e kahi keʻokeʻo me nā kihi ākea. ʻEʻeleʻele ka nuku ʻalani a lilo i ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne o nā ʻano āpau ma mua o nā wahine, a hiki i ka ʻūheu o kahi manu makua i 85 knm. E lana pono ʻo Gogol ma luna o ka wai a ʻau koke, akā clumsy ma ka ʻāina.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
He manu neʻe ʻo Gogol; he hoʻoilo ia ma ka hema a ma ke komohana hema o ka pūnana, makemake i ke kahakai o ke kai a i ʻole nā wai nui. Akā no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā pūnana, koho pinepine nā pēpē i nā ululāʻau coniferous, akā hiki ke loaʻa pū ʻia lākou i nā mea kanu deciduous o ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, noho nā poʻe liʻiliʻi ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
Ua lilo ka ʻaoʻao komohana ʻākau o ʻEulopa i wahi noho no kekahi o nā laha. Aia ka ʻano manu I Islandic ma kahi o nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā ululāʻau o Iceland a me Greenland. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau kānaka ma ke komohana ʻākau o ʻAmelika a me Labrador.
Liʻiliʻi ola ʻo gogol ma ka ʻākau wale nō o ka ʻAkau ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, i ka hoʻoilo e neʻe ana ma ka ʻāina nui i Mexico. Noho lākou a puni nā waihona wai wai liʻiliʻi, e pale ana i nā wahi ākea o ka tundra.
ʻO kahi wahi punahele loa no ka hana ʻana i kahi pūnana kahi puha kahiko i loko o kahi kumu lāʻau, no laila, i waena o ka poʻe maʻamau, kapa pinepine ʻia nā gogols i nā pahu pūnana, akā ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā ka manu e noho i nā lua holoholona. Hiki i nā Duck ke pūnana i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 15 mau mika, akā paʻakikī kēia i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā keiki.
E iho haʻahaʻa ka wahine i ka honua a, koe kokoke i ka lāʻau, kāhea i nā moa. Lele aʻe nā pākī ʻē aʻe mai ka pūnana a lele i luna o ko lākou mau ʻeheu, e pae ana i ka moena paina a lumina paha.
He ʻano kolohe kā Gogol a hoʻouka aku i ka poʻe i ʻike iā lākou iho kokoke i ka pūnana. I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, kamaʻilio pū nā manu me kekahi me ke kāhea kūikawā ʻana, a kuhihewa pinepine ʻia no ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka hares.
ʻAiʻai Pono
ʻO Duck gogol pili i nā manu lele, ke kumu o kāna papaʻai i hana ʻia i loko o nā mea noho wai: iʻa liʻiliʻi, crustacean, rana. ʻAʻole hoʻowahāwahā nā ʻāpō i nā ʻelala a me nā iʻa iʻa. Hoʻomaopopo nā Hunters i ka ʻono o ka ʻio pālū ke ʻala nui o ka iʻa a me ka ooze.
Ma ke ala, hoʻokomo ʻia ka hope i ka papa kuhikuhi mea kanu o gogols, a me nā mea kanu e ulu ana i ka hohonu o ka waihona wai a me nā cereal i hoʻopiha ʻia i ka wai, a laila luʻu ka manu i ka kolamu wai. Hiki i kahi ʻūlū ke hoʻolilo i mau minuke i ka hohonu o 4-10 m no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, a laila lana i ka papa a me nā ʻahaʻaina i nā mea i loaʻa.
ʻOi loa ka waiwai i ka meaʻai nā wahi e kahe pinepine ʻia e ka wai - nā puʻuwai liʻiliʻi ma kahakai a i ʻole nā wahi o ka ʻāina ma kahi kokoke i nā kahawai - kahi i loaʻa pinepine ai nā ʻūlū i nā ilo a i ʻole nā ʻūlū, nā manu a me nā hua manu o nā mea kolo, no ka laʻana, nā moʻo, mai hōʻalo ʻole.
I ke kau hoʻoilo, hoʻopau ʻo gogol i nā meaʻai mea kanu ma mua o ke koena o ka manawa - i kēia ala, hoʻomākaukau nā pato no ka hoʻoilo ke hōʻike wale ʻia kā lākou papaʻai e nā mollusks a me nā crustacea.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hiki i ka gogol ke oʻo i ka 2 makahiki o ka makahiki, hoʻomaka ke kāne mai kēia manawa e ʻimi i wahine no ka hānau hou. Hana ʻia i nā pule hope o ka hoʻoilo, a i ka pūnāwai e hoʻomaka ka lua i hoʻokumu e ʻimi i kahi no ka pūnana. He mea hoihoi nā hakakā ʻole o nā gogols ma waena o nā kāne no nā ʻāpō, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, hana nā drakes e like me nā keonimana maoli a "nānā" i nā wahine.
ʻO nā pāʻani moena o gogols he mau hula: hoʻolei ke kāne i kona poʻo a hāpai i kona nuku, e kani haʻahaʻa ana. Hana ʻia ka matchmaking ma luna o ka wai a hele pū me ka nui o nā kaha kiki e hana i kahi punawai a puni ke kāne a ʻumeʻume i ka wahine.
Hoʻomoʻa kūʻokoʻa ka ʻāpō i ka pūnana a, ma hope o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, waiho i nā hua he 4-20 ma laila a hoʻoulu wale iā lākou: ma hope o ke kau male ʻana, hoʻomaka ke kāne e hoʻololi i ke kala o kona kino. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka ʻūlū i ka pūnana me kona hulu ponoʻī a i lalo - no laila, maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana i nā hua manu hatching e ka loaʻa ʻole o ka hulu ma ka umauma a me nā ʻaoʻao.
ʻIke ka mea e kali nei i ka meaʻai ma ka hoʻowalewale ʻana iā ia iho mai ka hatching, akā ʻaʻole i nā lā he 10 i hala, ke hemo ʻole ka ʻāpala ma nā hua. He mea hoihoi e hiki i nā wahine ʻelua ke hoʻomoe i nā hua i loko o hoʻokahi pūnana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e launa pū kekahi me kekahi - huki kēlā me kēia hua i kāna mau hua a haʻalele i ka hale, me ka nānā ʻole inā aia kekahi ʻeke ʻē aʻe i laila.
ʻO ka manawa holoʻokoʻa ma waena o ka momona a me ka hatching o nā ʻāpua he mahina ia. keiki moa gogol mai ka wā hānau mai he uhi ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo i lalo, a 2-3 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e haʻalele i ka pūnana a hoʻāʻo e lele mua.
I ka makahiki o hoʻokahi pule, lawe ka makuahine i nā ʻāpō i kahi wai wai a aʻo iā lākou e luʻu i hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i ka meaʻai na lākou iho. Loaʻa i nā moa he ʻelua mau mahina ke kūʻokoʻa a hiki ke uhi i kahi mamao, neʻe i nā kapakai o nā kino wai nui.
ʻOiai ʻo ka maikaʻi loa o ka pale ʻana o ka gogol, a make pinepine ʻole kā lākou keiki moa i nā maʻi, pōkole ke ola o kēia mau manu. Ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻano maikaʻi, hiki i kahi ʻūlū ke ola no 6-7 mau makahiki, akā ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kenekulia i ka makahiki 14.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
- ʻO ka iris gula o nā maka o ka gogol, maopopo maopopo ʻole kūʻē i ke kumu o ke kala o ke poʻo, hāʻawi i ka pālule, i ka unuhi ʻana mai ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, ka inoa lacewing maʻamau.
- I nā 80 o ke kenekulia i hala, ua helu ʻia ka gogol i loko o ka Red Book ma muli o kāna helu liʻiliʻi, akā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia kona heluna kanaka, akā ua hoʻonui ʻia hoʻi e ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hanana i hana ʻia i hana ʻole ʻia.
- He manu manuahi ʻo Gogol, ma nā mahiʻai kahi i hānai ʻia ai lākou, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pēpē mai nā manu ʻē aʻe a, inā hiki, automate i ke kaʻina o ka hānai ʻana a mālama ʻana iā lākou, ʻoiai ʻaʻole makemake nā manu i ke komo ʻana o ke kanaka i ko lākou ola, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke pio ʻana ua hoʻemi ʻia i 5-7 mau makahiki. A ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ka mālama ʻana o gogol maʻalahi - pono ʻo ia i ke komo palena ʻole i ka wai, nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi a me nā one momona. ʻAi ʻia nā ʻāpā home me nā iʻa hou, nā ʻano kūikawā o ka buckwheat a me ka bale, i hoʻopulu pono ʻia i ka wai.
- Hiki i nā ʻūlū hou i lele i waho o ka pūnana, aia ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 15 mau mika, ke ukali nei i ko lākou makuahine a ʻeha ʻole i ka liʻiliʻi.
- I kekahi manawa noho ka kāne ma kahi o ka pūnana no 5-8 mau lā ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine i mau hua manu, pale wale ʻo ia i nā keiki o ka wā e hiki mai ana, akā ʻaʻole komo i ka incubation a ʻaʻole lawe i ka meaʻai i ka ʻāpiki.
ʻImi holoholona Gogol
Hoʻomaka ka ʻimi holoholona no ka luʻu luʻu ʻana i ka hāʻule a hoʻomau a hiki i ka puna, ke hoʻomaka ka wā pūnana no nā manu. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻokoʻa ka gogol: he ʻono kona ʻiʻo a ʻaʻala o ka iʻa, a ʻo ke kaumaha ma hope o ke ʻili ʻana he mea liʻiliʻi ia - i kekahi manawa he 250-300 gram, no laila ʻaʻole makemake nā mea ʻimi holoholona i ka manu.
Inā ʻai ʻia kahi pālū o kēia ʻano, a laila hoʻomaʻemaʻe loa ʻia ke kupapaʻu o ka ʻili a me ka momona subcutane ʻele, hoʻopulu ʻia i ka wai marinade no ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi lā, a laila hoʻomoʻa ʻia a palu ʻia paha ma luna o ke ahi - huli ka huaʻai momona a momona loa hoʻi. Akā ʻo ka lalo a me ka hulu o kēia mau ʻomaʻomaʻomaʻo mahana a palupalu hoʻi, keu hoʻi i ka wā puna, no laila aia kekahi e makemake e kī i kahi gogol.
Nā Wahine manu gogol i ka wā puna pale ʻia mai ka pepehi kanaka - ʻae ʻia ka hopu holoholona ma nā drakes wale nō, akā pāpā ʻia ʻia ʻaʻole e hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻāpō, no ka mea, hoʻonāukiuki lākou i nā hua, no laila ke neʻe nei a puni nā wahi pūnana me kahi pū i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpala hoʻopunipuni e alualu i ka gogol - hoʻonāukiuki lākou i ka manaʻo o nā kāne e puka i waho o ka nāhelehele ʻohe a hele mai i ke kula o ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona i loko o nā moku kokoke i ke kahawai.
Ma waena o nā Slav kahiko, ua manaʻo ʻia ka rog gogol kahi ʻano lawaiʻa kūikawā - ʻo ia ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i lalo a me nā hua i nā wahi punana o nā wahine. Nui nā hua, loaʻa ʻelua mau yolks a ʻai pono ʻia, akā ʻaʻole koi nā meaʻai i ka ʻai ʻana ma muli o kā lākou kiʻekiʻe o ka calorie.
ʻO ka pīpī luʻu nani o ka lāhui Gogol i hoihoi mau i ka poʻe ornithologists, kāna hana kolohe maʻamau ʻole i nā hoanoho kokoke loa a me nā ʻano ʻano o ka loli o ka hulu i loko o nā kāne e ʻumeʻume i nā mea noiʻi.
I kekahi manawa i hala aku nei, ma muli o ke kaulana o nā manu ukana o kēia laha, aia lākou i ka make o ka luku, akā me nā hana pū a nā ʻepekema mai nā ʻāina CIS, ua hiki ke hoʻihoʻi i ka heluna gogol. Ma Belarus, i ka 2016, ua loaʻa kēia makana i kahi makana ma ka mahele "Manu o ka Makahiki", i kēia manawa ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā peʻa a ua kiʻi ʻia nā moni hoʻomanaʻo me ke kiʻi o gogol, a ua kaupalena ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana iā ia.
