Hipa mauna a i ʻole argali, i kekahi manawa argali, kachkar, arkar - he holoholona hihiu a me ka lokomaikaʻi loa mai ka ʻohana bovine e noho ana i nā kuahiwi o Central Asia (Himalayas, Tibet, Altai). ʻO kēia ka hipa kāne nui loa ma ka honua. ʻAʻole ʻae ka poʻe loea i ka helu o nā ʻano hipa; ʻike nui nā mea ʻauhau he 7 mau laha. Hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "hipa mauna" iā ia iho e pili ana i nā ʻano āpau a i hoʻokahi ʻano - arkhara.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: hipa mauna
I ka Lākina, ʻo Ovis ammon kahi mammal artiodactyl no ka ʻohana bovid. ʻO ka inoa "arkhar" kahi huaʻōlelo Mongolian ʻo ia hoʻi "hipa hihiu". ʻO ka inoa Lākina no ka ammon species ka inoa o ke akua ʻo Amun. Wahi a ka moʻo o Ovid, ʻo nā poʻe noho ma Olympus, no ka makaʻu iā Typhon, ua ola hou i nā holoholona like ʻole. Ua lawe ʻo ʻAmona i ke ʻano o ka hipa kāne.
I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia nā lālā 9.
- Hipa mauna Altai;
- Ōlelo Kazaka;
- Kipeka;
- Tyanshansky;
- Pamir;
- ʻO Gobi;
- Karatau;
- Pākē ʻĀkau;
- Hipa mauna ʻo Kyzylkum.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale kekahi mau loea i ka mouflon ma ke ʻano ʻo Ovis Amon Musimon, akā ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia e ka hoʻokolohua ʻana o DNA. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka hipa kāne mauna no ka DNA, a laila ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana hou, a ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana i hoʻokahi ʻāpana. I nā makahiki ʻelua haneli i hala iho nei, ua hōʻole ka helu o nā ʻāpana āpau o nā hipa mauna.
Video: Hipa mauna
E hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka emi ʻana o ka helu o kēia mau hipa kāne he mea hoʻoweliweli i ka lehulehu o nā mea ʻaihue e ʻaʻai ana iā lākou. He mea nui nō hoʻi lākou i ka holomua o kekahi mea kanu no ka mea ʻo kā lākou ʻano mea ʻai sedge ka mea e ulu pono ai nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka hipa mauna
ʻO ka hipa mauna ka hipa nui loa ma ka honua, ke kaupaona ʻia mai 60 a 185 kg. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka poʻohiwi mai 90 a 125 cm. ʻO nā koʻo i nā kāne kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā holoholona. He corkscrew lākou me nā kihi hakakā. He mau pepeiaohao liʻiliʻi ko nā wahine. Hiki i nā kiwi o ke kāne a 190 cm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻohana lākou i ko lākou mau pepeiaohao e hakakā kekahi i kekahi. He pepeiaohao ko nā wahine, akā, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou, ma lalo o 50 cm ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. Paona ka hapalua o nā wahine i nā kāne. Hiki i nā hipa ke kaupaona mai 43.2 a 100 kg, a hiki i nā hipa kāne ke kaupaona mai 97 a 328 kg.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka hipa mauna mauna Pamir, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka hipa kāne ʻo Marco Polo e like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia e kēia mea huakaʻi, ʻo ia nā subspecies nui loa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 180 cm ka lōʻihi me ka huelo ʻole. He huelo pōkole ko kēia kuahiwi mauna o nā anelope hihiu a hipa paha, me ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o 9.5-17 cm.
Hoʻololi ka waihoʻoluʻu me kēlā me kēia holoholona, mai ka melemele ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ka ʻulaʻula a i ka brown brown brown. ʻO kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele e holo i ka ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻōpū, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka hapaʻeleʻele o luna i ka hapalua o nā lau pale ma lalo.
ʻO nā hipa kuahiwi mai ka Himalayas he ʻeleʻele maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā kala o nā Lūkini. I ke kauwela, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka ʻahu. ʻOi aku ka pouli o ke kua ma mua o nā ʻaoʻao, e hoʻomālamalama iki. Keokeo-keʻokeʻo ka maka, ka huelo a me ka ʻūlū. ʻOi aku ka pouli o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine a he pūhaka ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo a me ka piko o ka iwi. Hana ʻia ka molake i ʻelua mau manawa i ka makahiki, ʻeleʻele nā lauoho o ke kauwela a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻoilo.
Ma hea e noho ai nā hipa mauna?
Kiʻi: Nā hipa mauna ma Lūkia
Noho ʻo Argali i nā wahi like i ko lākou ola. Loaʻa lākou ma nā puʻu a me nā pali piʻi ma luna o 1000 m. I ke kauwela, ke loaʻa ka meaʻai, neʻe nā holoholona i kahi kokoke i nā kuahiwi.
Loaʻa nā hipa mauna ma nā ʻāina aʻe:
- Monokolia. Loaʻa ma waena o Mongolia hikina, i nā wahi me nā puʻu e olokaa ana, nā kuahiwi, nā puka pōhaku, a me nā kula nui;
- Usepekikana. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano ma luna o kahi ʻāina nui o ka ʻāina. I kēia lā, kaupalena ʻia ka laulā o nā holoholona e ola nei e nā kuahiwi ʻo Nuratau, kahi i pale ʻia ma ka ʻākau o Samarkand. Noho kekahi poʻe liʻiliʻi ma ke komohana o nā pae mauna ʻo Aktau a me Tamdytau;
- Takisitana. Aia nā hipa mauna ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina, mai ka palena me Xinjiang, Kina ma ke komohana, a Langar ma ka hema a me Lake Sarez ma ka ʻākau;
- Lukia. Ua loaʻa ma mua ʻo Argali ma nā kualono ʻo Zabaikalsky, Kuraisky, Yuzhno-Chuisky, a he mea hoʻohui ma ka pā nui o Ukok. I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻopaʻa wale ʻia lākou i nā repubalika o Tyva a me Altai;
- Pakitana. Noho lākou ma Khunjerab National Park wale nō a me nā wahi a puni, e like me ka Hunerab a me Mintaka i hala;
- Nepala. Noho lākou i ka moku Damodar-Kunda e pili ana i Tibet. Mālama pū ʻia kekahi i ka moku ʻo Dolpo;
- Kaikikana. Aia lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka ʻāina i ka palena me Kina, mai Kazakhstan ma ka ʻākau a hiki i Tajikistan ma ka hema, a me nā ʻāpana o ka hikina ʻo Tien Shan e pili ana i ka palena ʻo Uzbek;
- Kasakana. ʻIke ʻia ma ka ʻākau o Lake Balkash, ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina ʻākau o ka ʻāina. Aia nā heluna liʻiliʻi ma nā kuahiwi ʻo Kara-Tau;
- Inia. Kau ʻia ma ka pā hikina o Ladakh, ma kahi kokoke iā Spiti, a kaʻawale ma ka ʻākau o Sikkim, e pili ana iā Tibet;
- Kina. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ma nā pae mauna ʻo Xinjiang, me Altai Shan, Arjin Shan, Kara-Kunlun Shan, Tien Shan, Pamir a me nā wahi e pili ana.
- Apekanikana. ʻO ke komohana o ka Greater Pamir, kahi ʻāpana nui o ka Lesser Pamir, a loaʻa pū i ke awāwa ʻo Vakhjir.
Ākea ka ʻāina o ʻAkia Waena a hāmama ka hapanui. Luhi ʻia nā kuahiwi e ka ʻaʻai, a koe nā puʻu sloping nunui, e hāʻawi ana i ka laulā o ka ʻike maka no nā holoholona.
I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai nā hipa mauna. E nānā i ka mea e ʻai ai ka argali.
He aha ka ʻai a kahi hipa mauna?
Kiʻi: hipa mauna ʻāhiu
ʻO Argali nā mea kanu lāʻau a hānai i nā mauʻu, nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu. Hānai nā wahine a me nā hipa kāne ʻōpio i nā wahi mauna kiʻekiʻe me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka meaʻai. Noho lākou i nā wahi manuahi mai nā kumu lāʻau, akā me ka nui o nā meaʻai. Hāʻawi kēia mau pūnaewele hānai i ka pale mai nā mea hōkai. ʻO nā kāne makua, ʻoi aku ka nui mai nā wahine a me nā ʻōpio, hānai i nā wahi haʻahaʻa me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻōpio wahine e noho i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe kahi e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā lako meaʻai.
Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā hipa kuahiwi e ola i ke āno, makani a me nā aniau loa o ko lākou home mauna kiʻekiʻe. ʻAi ka argali makua i 16-19 kg o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. Hoʻololi nā mea kanu i makemake ʻia e nā laha me ke kiʻekiʻe a me kahi. I nā wahi o uka kiʻekiʻe, ʻai nui lākou i ka mauʻu a me ka sedge. Ma nā wahi waena, hānai pinepine lākou i nā nāhelehele a me nā mauʻu mesophyte. I nā kualono o lalo a me nā piʻo o nā wao akua, ua lanakila hou nā mauʻu a me nā sedges, akā he ʻano ʻokoʻa ma mua o nā mauna kiʻekiʻe.
I Kazakhstan, kupu, lau, hua, pua he mea nui no ka papaʻai o nā hipa mauna ma loko o ka makahiki, ʻoiai ke koena o ka laulā, lilo lākou i mea hoʻohui ʻole i ka meaʻai. Pono ʻo Argali i ka wai, ʻaʻole ia he pilikia no nā hipa e noho ana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe mau ai ka hau a aia nā kahawai wai liʻiliʻi. Ma nā wahi maloʻo, hiki iā lākou ke huakaʻi i kahi lōʻihi e ʻimi ai i ka wai. ʻAi ʻoluʻolu hoʻi nā hipa kuahiwi i nā lepo saline.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: hipa mauna ʻĀsia
Hānai holoholona ʻo Argali a ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā hui o 2 a 100 mau holoholona. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pā holoholona e ka moekolohe, koe wale nō ka wā hānau. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā heluna lehulehu i nā nui o nā mākua, e hoʻonui ana ma mua o ka hapalua o ka heluna kanaka, me 20% wale nō o nā kāne makua a me 20% o argali ʻōpio.
ʻO kekahi hipa kāne mauna mauna e holoholo wale ana, akā ʻo ka hapa nui i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. Noho nā wahine me nā keiki i nā hui nui, a ʻoi aku i ka 92 mau kānaka, me ka ʻokoʻa o nā holoholona a 200 mau holoholona.
Mea leʻaleʻa: He mālie loa lākou, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻomake i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, a me nā holoholona nohona. E ukali nā lālā o ka pūʻulu i kekahi i kekahi, a e ʻimi pinepine i ka launa pū ʻana me nā hipa kāne ʻē aʻe.
Holo ka hānai i kekahi manawa, keu hoʻi me nā kāne. Pili ka hapa nui o ka neʻe ʻana me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi kau o nā kumuwaiwai, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o nā nahu nahu, nā maloʻo ʻino a i ʻole nā ahi, nā ʻāpana a me nā helu he nui o nā holoholona i hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka neʻe.
ʻO nā hipa mauna, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe i ke kauwela. ʻO Horn kahi hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi i nā kāne. I ka wā o ka rut, kūleʻa nā kāne i ke poʻo i kekahi i kekahi, akā ʻaʻole loaʻa iki nā hōʻeha koʻikoʻi. ʻOiai ʻo ia mau hakakā e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka ʻeha weliweli.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: pūʻā hipa mauna
Hiki ke hana i ka rutting mai ʻOkakopa a i waena o Ianuali, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa. He polygamous ka male ʻana. ʻO ka hakakā ʻana i nā kāne kāne makua he ʻoihana koʻikoʻi. Pākuʻi nā hipa kāne me kekahi o ko lākou pepeiaohao, a aia ka wāwae i mua i ka lewa, e hoʻopili ana i ka ikaika i hiki ai ke lohe ʻia i kahi mamao a 800 m.
ʻIke leʻaleʻa: Hiki i nā wahine ke oʻo moekolohe ma 2 mau makahiki o ke kāne a me nā kāne ma 5. He mea kūpono kēia ʻokoʻa, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine ma mua o ka hānau ʻana.
ʻO nā kāne i hoʻoikaika ʻia (ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻeono mau makahiki), ʻo ka mea nui loa o ka ʻohana, lilo i mea nui, a alualu ʻia nā kāne ʻōpio ʻoiai nā wahine e wela. Ke hoʻokau ʻia ka noho aliʻi, hoʻokokoke ke kāne i ka wahine a piʻi ikaika aʻe iā ia. Hoʻomaka ka male ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka rut. Hiki i nā kāne ke noho i ka hui o nā wahine no ʻelua mau mahina ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wā rutting.
ʻOi aku ka manawa hānau ma mua o 165 mau lā. Hana ʻia ka hānau keiki ma ka hopena o Malaki a ʻApelila paha. Hānau ka hapa nui o nā mea kōkua i hoʻokahi keiki hipa, ʻoiai no kekahi ʻano māhoe ʻaʻohe mea maʻamau, a ʻo nā hihia o ka hānau like ʻana o kahi ʻelima mau keiki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. I ka wā hānau, kaupaona nā hipa 2.7-4.6 kg. Noho kahi keiki hipa hānau hou a me kahi hipa makuahine no kekahi manawa kahi i hānau ʻia ai, a i kekahi lā aʻe hele pū lākou.
Kū koke ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona, a i ka lā hānau mua, he 10 mau manawa ke kaupaona nā keiki hipa ma mua o ka wā hānau. ʻOi aku nā wahine i ko lākou kaupaona nui ma o ʻelua mau makahiki, akā hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o nā kāne no ʻelua mau makahiki ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomohala nā niho waiū ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki o ka makahiki, me ka piha o nā niho i ʻeono mau mahina. I kēlā manawa, hoʻomaka ka hānai ʻana o nā keiki hipa, akā hoʻomau ka hānai ʻana o nā hipa makuahine iā lākou i ka waiū. Noho ka hapanui o nā hipa mauna mai ʻelima a 10 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā hipa mauna
Kiʻi: hipa mauna, a i ʻole argali
ʻO ka hoʻolālā palekana no nā hipa mauna ka nui. ʻOi aku ka nui a me ka wikiwiki o nā kāne makua ma mua o nā wahine a ʻaʻohe pono iki e hōʻalo i nā mea ʻino. No laila, koho lākou i nā wahi noho ma lalo o ka mea i koho ʻia e nā wahine a me nā hipa mauna mauna. ʻAʻole hoʻohana iki lākou i nā pepeiaohao e pale aku iā lākou iho mai nā mea hōkai. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui e hoʻohana ai ʻo argali i ka wā e hoʻouka ai nā mea hōʻaiʻē iā lākou ke lele wikiwiki. Makaʻu, hiki i kahi hipa hoʻokahi ke neʻe a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻoweliweli. ʻOkoʻa loa kēia mai ka hana a kēia mau hipa i loko o ka ʻohana, ke holo lākou a lele i ka weliweli.
Ma muli o ka nui o lākou, lele maikaʻi nā hipa kāne mauna mauna a hoʻohana pinepine ʻole i ka lele ʻana no ka pakele, ʻoiai hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano e nā wahine liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona ʻōpio. Kōkua nā wāwae lōʻihi ikaika i nā hipa kāne mauna e hoʻokele i nā ʻano ʻāina āpau. Noho lākou i nā wahi i hiki ʻole i ka poʻe hōkū, no ka laʻana, kiʻekiʻe ma nā puʻu a i ʻole nā kaha pali me nā kiko nānā maikaʻi.
ʻO nā mea hōʻaiʻe aʻe e ʻimi na hipa mauna:
- nā ʻīlio hae hina (C. lupus);
- nā leopadi hau (P. uncia);
- leopadi (P. pardus);
- leopadi hau (U. uncia);
- cheetahs (A. jubatus).
ʻAi ʻia nā hipa kuahiwi liʻiliʻi e nā coyotes a me nā manu nui e like me ka ʻaeto a me ka ʻaeto gula. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻimi ʻia nā hipa kuahiwi e ka poʻe e hoʻomake ikaika i nā holoholona kīkoa ʻia e huki i nā pepeiaohao nui, ka ʻiʻo a me nā ʻili. Ma waena o nā holoholona, hoʻonohonoho mua nā ʻīlio hae i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā hipa mauna, kahi e hoʻohana pinepine ai i nā kūlana hoʻoilo (e laʻa me ka hau hohonu) e hopu i nā hipa mauna. I pale i ka predation, neʻe pū nā holoholona i kahi pūʻali a noho i kahi hui.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka hipa mauna
Ua hoʻemi ka nui o nā kānaka a me ka pae o nā laha. ʻO ka heleleʻi ʻana o ka helu o ka ibex he mea hoʻoweliweli i ka lehulehu o kā lākou mea ʻino e like me nā leopadi hau, e hilinaʻi nui nei i ke kūpaʻa o kēia mau hipa.
ʻO nā kao kao mauna e ka ʻāina:
- Apekanikana. 624 mau hipa mauna (87% o ia mau mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka Lesser Pamir. Ua manaʻo ʻia ka huina helu he 1,000. 120-210 mau argali pākahi i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Greater Pamir);
- Kina. Wahi a kekahi poʻe loea, ʻo ka nui o nā argali ma Kina mai ka 23 285 a i ka 31 920. Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike nā kānaka noiʻi ʻē aʻe i kahi kiʻi haʻahaʻa loa. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā helu āpau i nā koho nui, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke koi i ka pololei.
- Inia. Kākaʻikahi loa nā hipa mauna ma Sikkim a ʻaʻole neʻe wale i ka wahi Spiti. Aia nā kānaka 127 ma kahi o ka mālama a ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 argali ma Ladakh;
- Kasakana. Ma kahi o 8,000 a 10,000 paha ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina akau o ka ʻāina, 250 ma nā mauna ʻo Kara-Tau, a me kahi helu i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma Tien Shan;
- Kaikikana. Aia he 565 mau kānaka ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka laulā a me 6000 mau hipa mauna ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau hikina o Kyrgyzstan. Ua kuhi ka noiʻi aupuni i ka helu ma kahi o 15,900;
- Monokolia. Wahi a kahi noiʻi 2001 e ka Academy of Science, ma kahi o 10,000 a 12,000 mau hipa mauna i noho ma ka moku ʻo Gobi o Mongolia a me 3,000 a 5,000 i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina.
- Nepala. Liʻiliʻi ka heluna kanaka a ʻaʻohe kuhi pololei i hana ʻia;
- Pakitana. ʻAʻole maopopo ka helu o nā holoholona i ka ʻāina, akā ʻoi aku paha ma lalo o 100;
- Lukia. Ma nā mauna ʻo Altai ma ka hema o Rūsia, aia he 450-700 mau holoholona, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma luna o nā subpopulation he nui, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻoi aku i nā holoholona he 50. Eia nō hoʻi, he 80-85 hipa mauna ma loko o kahi mālama kūpona ʻo Altai, 150-160 ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o nā kahawai o ka pali ʻo Sailugem, a he 40-45 mau kānaka ma nā pali o ka pali ʻo Chikhachev ma ka moku ʻo Tuva Republic;
- Takisitana. ʻO ka nui o nā helu ma Tajikistan i koho ʻia he 13,000-14,000. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena o kēlā me kēia km km kiʻekiʻe loa kokoke i ka palena me Kina;
- Usepekikana. Ua hiki i 1,800 mau kānaka i ola, a ʻo 90% o lākou i loaʻa ma ka pali ʻo Karatau.
Ka pale ʻana i nā hipa mauna
Kiʻi: Nā hipa mauna mai ka puke ʻula
Hoʻoweliweli ʻia ʻo Argali me ka luku ʻia i loko o kā lākou pae holoʻokoʻa, ma muli o ka nalowale ʻana o ka nohona, ma muli o ka nui o ka nui a me ka ʻimi holoholona. ʻOiai ʻo ka hipa kāne nui loa o ka honua, he makana i makemake ʻia i waena o nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona. Ua kī ʻia lākou no kā lākou ʻiʻo, nā pepeiaohao, i hoʻohana ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Kina, a me nā ʻili. Ke hoʻomau nei ka poaching i pilikia nui (a paʻakikī e hoʻokele). Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā hipa mauna ma ka ʻākau hikina o Kina, ka hema o Siberia a me nā ʻāpana o Mongolia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: pale ʻia nā hipa mauna ma nā wahi āpau e nā hui mālama kūlohelohe a aia i loko o ka International Book Red ma ke ʻano he lāhui nāwaliwali. Hoʻopili pū ʻia i loko o ka Buke Ula o Lūkia.
Hipa mauna komo pū ʻia i loko o ka CITES Appendix II, koe wale nō ka O. a. nigrimontana a me O. a. ʻo hodgsonii, i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka Appendix I. No ka mālama ʻana i nā lāhui, hana ʻia nā mālama, kahi e kapu loa ai ka ʻimi holoholona. ʻAe maikaʻi nā hipa kāne mauna i ka lawe pio ʻana a hana i keiki. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻi mai nā holoholona he mea nui e hoʻopili i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka. ʻIke iki kēia mau hoʻoweliweli i waena o nā hui like ʻole, ʻoiai inā ʻokoʻa nā wahi noho.
Lā paʻi: 25.07.2019
Lā hou: 09/29/2019 ma 20:00
