ʻO Saker Falcon ka falcon hoʻokahi i hiki ke hopu i ka ʻalani. ʻO ke koena o nā manu o kēia kauoha, ke hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻouka i ka pāʻani nui, ua haki ka sternum. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o kēia ʻimi holoholona hanohano he wikiwiki a hoʻonani ʻia ia, akā ʻaʻole wikiwiki e like me ka ʻohana o kona ʻohana, ka mea e hāʻawi i nā manawa hou no ka maneuver. He uʻi ʻo ia, lokomaikaʻi a weliweli loa i ka ʻimi holoholona.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Ma waena o nā ʻano o nā kani plumage, hina hina ma lalo a brown-red i luna e lanakila. ʻO nā ʻōpio a ʻoi aku ʻo Saker Falcons i nā kala māmā. Ma nā poʻohiwi a me nā ʻeheu e ʻike i nā kiko kala ʻōlani elongated.
ʻO ka wax, paws a me nā apo unfeathered a puni nā maka o nā holoholona ʻōpio ke hina me ka polū. Ikaika, nuku nuku o ke kala like, ʻeleʻele i ka hopena. Ke ulu nei ʻo Saker Falcon, ʻo ke kala i kēia mau wahi, koe ka nuku, melemele.
Loaʻa nā manu i kā lākou lole paʻa hope loa ma hope o ka molt piha mua, i kū i hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa. Hoʻomaka ia i Mei a hala 5 mau mahina. ʻO ka eheu he 37-42 cm, ʻo ka huelo he 24 knm. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o ka hapalua mika. Kiʻi Balaban ʻokoʻa ka nani o ka ʻōlinolino, akā koʻikoʻi ka helehelena a nani hoʻi.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui i ka gyrfalcon. I ka lele ʻana, ʻokoʻa ia mai ka falcon i kona nui o ka huelo, ka ʻēheu. Kaupaona nā wahine 1.3 kg, nā kāne 1 kg. Kāhea ʻia ka manu no kona kaupaona kūpono a me ka nui i kekahi manawa baluna aeto gula... Akā ʻaʻole kēia he ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO ka ʻaetoeto ka nui o nā hui falcon, koe wale no nā mea hehi. ʻO kona kaupaona he ʻehā mau manawa i ʻoi aku ma mua o Saker Falcon. ʻOkoʻa ia mai ka falcon peregrine i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kaha ʻeleʻele e holo ana ma ka ʻāʻī.
ʻAʻole pinepine ʻo Flapping i ka wā lele. Holo ka manu a lele i ka manawa lōʻihi me ke kōkua o ke kahe ʻana o nā kahawai. ʻOkoʻa nā kāne mai nā wahine i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, like ka plumage. I ka wā o nā pāʻani moena, nā pilikia, hoʻopuka ka Saker Falcon i nā leo like ʻole a me nā ʻano haʻalulu. ʻO ke kumu he "hack" puʻupuʻu a paʻakikī hoʻi ia, "heck" a me "boo".
Nā ʻano
Aia he ʻeono ʻano balabans, ʻokoʻa i nā wahi o ka noho a me nā plumage:
- Siberian saker falcon
ʻO nā kiko melemele-rufous o ka hope brown i nā crossbars. ʻEleʻele pū ke poʻo, akā māmā e nā leo ʻelua, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā kaha ʻeleʻele. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū me ka yellowness. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao, māmā nā ʻōmole o ka tibiae me kahi ʻano nāwaliwali.
Noho i nā wahi mauna o Central Siberia.
- Saker falcon
He ʻeleʻele ke kino o luna. ʻO nā hulu ma nā lihi ʻoki ʻoki. Hoʻohanohano ʻia ke poʻo e kahi leo māmā a hina-hina a me nā kaha ʻeleʻele. Ma ka ʻāʻī balaban maʻamau ʻike maka ʻia nā koholele i kapa ʻia. Ma luna o ka ʻōpū keʻokeʻo aia nā kiko ʻāʻī kūniha. Ma lalo o ka huelo, ma nā ʻaoʻao, monochromatic ka plumage.
Loaʻa ka heluna kānaka ma Southwest Siberia, Kazakhstan.
- ʻO Turestan Saker Falcon
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā laha ma mua, ʻo ke kala o ka Turkestan Saker Falcon, e noho nei ma Central Asia, ʻoi aku nā kani momona. Hele ke poʻo brownish-ʻulaʻula i loko o ka plumage ʻāhinahina hina o ke kua a me ka huelo me nā hiʻohiʻona transverse ʻike ʻia.
- ʻO Mongolian Saker Falcon
Kū ke poʻo mālamalama i ke kua o ka hope brown me nā lāʻau kī. Hoʻonani ʻia nā "pālule" a me nā ʻaoʻao me kahi lau o nā ʻāpana pouli a me nā kiko. Noho ʻo Mongolian Saker Falcon ma Transbaikalia, Mongolia.
- ʻO Altai Saker Falcon
I ka nui, ʻano like nā lunamaka o nā laha me kahi balaban maʻamau, like ka nui. ʻEʻeleʻele ke poʻo, ʻeleʻele ke kino o ke kino me ka hina hina i ka lumbar. Aia nā kaha transverse i ka plumage o nā wāwae a me nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka mahele hāʻawi e pili ana i nā wahi mauna o Altai a me Sayan ma Central Asia.
- Faleka aralokaspian saker
Noho nā ola ma Western Kazakhstan ma ka Mangyshlak Peninsula, kū i waho me kahi kukui, ʻeleʻele hoʻi i hope me nā keʻa kukui. Hinahina ka pūhaka, a ua hoʻonani ʻia ka "palule" a me nā ʻaoʻao me nā kaha ʻeleʻele longitudinal.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Loaʻa ʻo Saker Falcon ma waena o Central a me Asia Minor, Armenia, South Siberia, Kazakhstan. Kakaikahi nā mea i ʻike ʻia ma Hungary a me Romania. Koho ʻia nā wahi no nā wahi noho me nā pali kokoke a i ʻole nā kihi nahele.
Hele a lele i luna nā kuahiwi mauna, lele nā mea haʻahaʻa i ke kapakai Kaiwaina, i Kina, ʻInia. Kakaʻikahi nā hui i ʻike ʻia ma ʻAitiopia a me ʻAigupita. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Saker Falcons o nā wahi hema. Me ka nele o nā wahi no ka pūnana, kūkulu nā manu iā lākou ma luna o nā kākoʻo o nā laina uila kiʻekiʻe, nā alahaka kaʻaahi.
Makemake lākou e noho i waena o nā herona, akā ʻaʻole i aʻo ʻia ka ʻepekema i nā pono like o ka noho pū ʻana. Hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Herona i ka falconry i kahi makaʻu.
Hoʻomaka ʻo Saker Falcon e alualu i ka wanaʻao a i ke ahiahi paha, e noho kiʻekiʻe ana ma luna o kahi lāʻau mehameha, kahi pali pōhaku, a i ʻole e lele ana ma luna o ka ʻanuʻu. I ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea kūpono, lele ia ma luna o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia i ka lele. Luu i lalo i ka wikiwiki a i ʻole hopu i ka mea pio i ka lele ākea.
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe leo e lohe ʻia a puni. Ke peʻe nei nā mea ola āpau i nā hale, ke kali nei no ka pilikia. ʻAʻole hiki iā Saker Falcon ke holo wikiwiki i lalo no ka mea pio, akā e alualu hoʻi iā ia e like me kahi hawk i ka māla ākea a i ʻole ka nāhelehele. No laila, kūleʻa mau ka ʻimi.
Ke lālau nei i ka mea pio me kona mau maiuu, lawe ka falcon iā ia i kahi maloʻo, kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hoʻomaka ai kāna pāʻina. Ke kali nei ka wela o ka lā ma kahi kumulāʻau i ka malu o ke kalaunu. Me ka hoʻomaka o ke ahiahi, lele ia no ka pō.
ʻO nā kahua ʻimi holoholona o kēlā me kēia pālua e hoʻonui ʻia i 20 mau mile mai ka pūnana mai. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka Saker Falcon ka ʻiʻo kokoke i ka hale e hoʻohana ʻia e nā manu liʻiliʻi. Noho lākou a hānai maluhia i ke kaiāulu, me ka pale ʻia. Wahi a nā Falconers loea i hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kahi Saker Falcon e alualu lima ai i ʻelua pule.
Hoʻokumu ka mea nona ka mea mua i nā mea paʻa ʻike ʻole ʻia me ka manu. E hana i kēia, lawe lākou iā ia me ka lima i nā manawa a hiki ke hiki, mālama iā ia me nā ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa Pheasant i ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka ʻōpio. E ulu pū me lākou nā mākana hunting a me nā hiki.
No ka ʻimi haʻuki haʻuki, lawe lākou i nā moa home mai ka pūnana a i ʻole nā keiki hou. Hiki i nā mea kakaikahi ke hoʻopaʻa i kahi balaban makua. Aʻo lākou pehea e hopu ai i ka pāʻani ʻaʻole wale ma ka lima wale nō, akā no ka lele pū kekahi. I ka lua o nā hihia, manaʻo ʻia ke kū ʻana o nā ʻīlio hahai holoholona. Kahu ʻia no kekahi ʻano trofi. Hiki iā ia he manu a holoholona holoholona hihiu paha.
Meaʻai kūpono
Papa inoa o nā mea hopu holoholona falal balaban ua aʻo ʻia nā ornithologists e nā koena o ka meaʻai ma nā wahi pūnana, nā pulu. Ua hoʻololi ʻia nā mammal liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka makemake o nā manu.
- hina hina a me ka ʻulaʻula lepo;
- nāʻiole vole;
- hamsters;
- jerboas;
- nā hares ʻōpio.
Ma waho o ka ʻai ʻana i nā koʻokoʻo nāna e luku i nā mea kanu mahiʻai, ʻai ʻo Saker Falcons i nā moʻo, nā ʻano manu he liʻiliʻi a me ka waena. Lālau ka falcon i ka mea lele i ka lele a i ʻole mai ka honua.
Aia i ka papaʻai nā manu o nā ʻohana:
- like-dove (manu kuhukukū, manu nūnū lāʻau);
- corvids (jackdaw, jay, rook, magpie);
- pāʻālua (curlew, mallard, duck);
- ʻeleʻele;
- pheasant (ʻāpana).
ʻO nā geese, nā ʻāpā, nā ʻona, nā ʻāʻī liʻiliʻi i hopu ʻia i nā māiʻuʻu o ka balaban. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka wā o ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki e ka hana ʻana o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi he nui, nā koʻokoʻo, i lawe ʻia e nā mākua 5-15 km mai ka pūnaewele pūnana.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ka oʻo makua, ka hiki ke mālama i nā keiki saker falcon loaʻa i ka makahiki. Hoʻokumu wale ʻia nā pālua i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana, ke koena o ka manawa, noho ka poʻe i kahi mamao mai kēlā me kēia. Mai ka hopena o Malaki, hoʻomaka lākou e nānā i nā pūnana i kū i nā lua kūlohelohe ma nā pōhaku ʻūlili.
ʻO Saker Falcons, makemake i nā steppe ulu lāʻau, e hoʻi i ka home no nā keiki e hiki mai ana mai nā buzzards, nā manu koraka, nā lupe, kekahi mau aeto i kekahi manawa, a hoʻoponopono iki iā lākou.
No hoʻokahi mahina, hoʻoulu ka wahine i ʻekolu a ʻelima mau hua ʻulaʻula me nā intersperses pouli nunui i kau ʻia i ʻApelila. ʻO ka helehelena kūleʻa o nā moa e pili i nā hana a ke kāne. Pono ʻo ia e mālama i kāna ipo wahine, hānai iā ia i ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā, i kekahi manawa pani. Inā, no kekahi kumu, haʻalele ka Saker Falcon i kāna mau hana, e haʻalele ʻia ka pūnana.
Uhi ʻia nā moa hatch me nā keʻokeʻo ākea i lalo. ʻO ka pā, nuku a me ka maka o ka maka ahinahina. Hānai nā mākua i nā keiki me nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā koʻokoʻo no hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapalua, a hiki i ka lilo ʻana o ka pua i ka ʻeheu. Ua helu nā Ornithologists i ko lākou noho ʻana i ka pūnana, ʻai kekahi keiki i ʻelima mau kilokika o ka ʻiʻo.
ʻAʻole aʻo nā mākua i nā holoholona ʻōpio e ʻimi holoholona, loaʻa iā lākou kēia mau mākau ma ka pae instinc. Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole alualu ka poʻe mākua i ka pāʻani kokoke i nā pūnaewele hoʻonohonoho e hana i nā mālama meaʻai no nā keiki hou no ka manawa mua. Lele nā kīkino mai ka pūnana i ʻelua mau mahina, e hoʻomaka ana i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa.
Hoʻokumu ʻo Saker Falcons i hoʻokahi pālua no nā makahiki he nui, hānai ʻia nā keiki i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua. Noho lākou ma ka awelika 20 mau makahiki. Keʻa nei kekahi mau kenekulia i ka māka 28-makahiki.ʻO Saker Falcon i ka puke ʻulaʻula Aia ʻo RF ma lalo o ka hoʻoweliweli o ka make.
ʻO nā kekeke o kahi manu laha ʻole o ka manu ʻāhiu ʻo Saker Falcon e hopu ʻia a hānai ʻia e nā mea ʻai holoholona no ka falconry. ʻO ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pūnana, kahi kūlana kaiāulu maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻemi ʻana i nā wahi noho manuahi ʻia mai nā kānaka, ua alakaʻi ʻia i ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia ka manu i loko o ka Appendix 2 o nā kuʻikahi Bonn a me Vienna, pāpā ʻia no ke kālepa kūwaho ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea ʻaneʻane pau.
I ka hala o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka helu o Saker Falcons ma Lūkia e ka hapalua. Ua nalowale loa ka heluna kanaka ma Polani, ʻAukekulia. ʻO kahi malihini kipa he manu ia ma ka Balkan Peninsula.
Hoʻohālikelike ka ulu ʻana o nā helu i ka hōʻemi o kā lākou kumu waiwai meaʻai nui - marmots. Uha ka marten i nā pūnana. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma kahi o ʻelua haneli mau mea ʻaihue i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā keʻena dute o Rūsia a me Kazakhstan, e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻopulapula i nā Saker Falcons ma nā ʻāina ʻē no ka kūʻai hou ʻia aku i nā falcon Arab.
Ma Altai, ʻaʻole lawa nā pūnaewele hoʻonohonoho kūlohelohe i ke alo o nā kolone marmot. Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā mea hoʻoulu holoholona i nā ʻano āpau e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā manu e aneane make. Kūkulu ʻia nā wahi pūnana ʻimi hoʻopunipuni, a hoʻohui ʻia ka pūnana i nā kula hānai i nā manu ʻāhiu.
Mālama lākou i ko lākou oʻo ʻana a hānai iā lākou inā pono. Ma ka hana ʻana i nā kānāwai a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ka poʻe mālama e hiki ai ke hoʻopakele i kahi ʻano laha ʻole o kahi manu nani haʻaheo o ka ʻāpana falcon - Saker Falcon.
