Hoʻokomo ʻia ke kinona holoholona mai ka pūnaʻi kanu. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia manaʻo ʻepekema i ka nānā ʻana iā Euglena Zelena. I kēia unicellular, hoʻohui ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o kahi holoholona a me kahi mea kanu. nolaila Euglena i manaʻo ʻia he pae hoʻololi a hōʻoia i ke kumumanaʻo o ka lokahi o nā mea ola āpau. Wahi a kēia kumumanaʻo, ʻaʻole wale ke kanaka i iho mai ai, akā mai nā mea kanu pū kekahi. E pahu aku mākou iā Darwinism i hope?
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona o Euglena
I ka hoʻohālikelike e kū nei Euglena Zelena pili i nā limu unicellular. E like me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i ka mea kanu unicellular ka chlorophyll. Wahi a, i nā hōʻailona o Euglena Zelena pili pū me ka hiki i ka photosynthesis - ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu māmā i ka kemika. Kēia mea maʻamau no nā mea kanu. Hiki ke ʻike wale ʻia ia ma lalo o kahi microscope, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma kahi hale kūʻai microscope.
ʻO ke kūkulu o Euglena Zelena hōʻike i ke alo o 20 mau chloroplasts i loko o ke kele. Aia i loko o lākou e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka chlorophyll. ʻO nā Chloroplasts he mau papa ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻike wale ʻia i nā hunaola me ka iwi i waena. Kapa ʻia ka hānai ʻana o ka lā a ʻo ke autotrophic. Hoʻohana ʻo Euglena i nā mea i ka lā.
ʻO ke kūkulu o Euglena Zelena
ʻO ka makemake o nā mea unicellular i ke kukui i kapa ʻia he phototaxis maikaʻi. I ka pō, he heterotrophic ka alga, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻono ia i nā meaola mai ka wai. Pono ka wai e hou. No laila, loaʻa ʻo Euglena i nā loko, nā loko, nā kai, nā kahawai, makemake i nā mea haumia. I nā waihona me ka wai maʻemaʻe, heʻuʻuku nā algae i ka helu a i ʻole ke nalo loa.
Ke noho nei i nā kino wai haumia, hiki iā Euglena Zelenaya ke lawe i nā trypanos a me Leishmania. ʻO ka hope ka causative agents o kekahi mau maʻi ʻili. Hoʻonāukiuki hoʻi ʻo Trypanosome i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi hiamoe ʻApelika. Hoʻopili ia i ka lymphatic, ʻōnaehana, a alakaʻi i ke kuni.
ʻO ke aloha no ka wai stagnant me nā koena putrid o euglena e pili ana i ka amepa. Hiki i ka heroine o ka ʻatikala ke hoʻomaka i ka aquarium. Ua lawa ka poina e pili ana i ka kānana, hoʻololi i ka wai i loko ona no kekahi manawa. Inā aia ʻo Euglena i loko o ka aquarium, pua ka wai. No laila, noʻonoʻo nā aquarist i nā limu unicellular me he ʻano parasite.
Pono mākou e ʻohiʻohi i nā waihona kaiāulu me nā kemika, ʻoiai ke kanu nei i nā iʻa i loko o nā ipu ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, noʻonoʻo kekahi poʻe aquarist i ka heroine o ka ʻatikala ma ke ʻano he meaʻai no ka ʻai. ʻIke ka mea hope iā Euglene ma ke ʻano he holoholona, e ʻike nei i ka neʻe ʻana o ka hana.
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ʻo Euglena ma ka home i hānai no ka palai. Mai hele i ka loko iʻa i nā manawa āpau. Hoʻonui wikiwiki ʻo Protozoa i nā ipu me ka wai lepo. ʻO ka mea nui ʻaʻole e hemo i nā kīʻaha mai ke ao. Inā ʻole, e pau ke kaʻina o ka photosynthesis.
ʻO ka meaʻai Heterotrophic, kahi a Euglena e noho ai i ka pō, he hōʻailona o nā holoholona. ʻO kekahi holoholona hoʻokahi kikoʻī pū kekahi:
- Neʻe ʻeleu. ʻO ka pā o Euglena Green loaʻa kahi hae hae. ʻO kāna neʻe rotary e hōʻoia i ka neʻe o ka limu. E neʻe holomua. ʻOkoʻa kēia ʻO Shoe Euglena Green a me Infusoria... Hele mālie ka mea hope loa, he nui nā cilia ma kahi o hoʻokahi flagellum. ʻOi aku ka pōkole a me ka wavy.
- Pulsating holo pahū. Ua like lākou me nā apo o ka mākala.
- ʻNellio waha. E like me ia, ʻaʻohe waha o Euglena. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hoʻāʻo e hopu i nā meaʻai meaola, ʻo ka unicellular, me he mea lā, kaomi i loko o kahi ʻāpana o ka membrane waho. Mālama ʻia ka meaʻai i kēia keʻena.
Hāʻawi ʻia he ʻōuli ko Green Euglena o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona, hoʻopaʻapaʻa nā ʻepekema e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka heroine o ka ʻatikala i kekahi aupuni. ʻO ka hapa nui no ka helu ʻana o Euglena i ka flora. Manaʻo ʻia nā holoholona unicellular ma kahi o 15% o ka ʻepekema. ʻIke ke koena iā Euglene ma ke ʻano he waena.
Nā hōʻailona o Euglena Zelena
He kino fusiform ko ke kino unicellular. He pūpū paʻakikī kāna. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino kokoke i 0.5 millimeter. Ma mua o ke kino o ʻEuglena polū. Aia he maka ʻulaʻula ma aneʻi. He photosensitive ia, e ʻae ana i ka unicellular e loaʻa nā wahi "hānai" i ka lā. Ma muli o ka nui o nā maka i nā wahi a Euglene e hōʻiliʻili ai, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele ka ʻilikai o ka wai.
ʻO Euglena Green ma lalo o ka microscope
Hoʻopili pū ʻia kahi flagellum i ka wēlau mua o ke kino pūnaewele. ʻAʻole paha i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka hānau hou, no ka mea, hoʻokaʻawale ka pūnaewele i ʻelua. Noho ka hae ma kekahi o nā ʻāpana. Ma ka lua, ulu ka mea moto i ka manawa. Hope o ke kino Mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo Euglena he kuhi kona. Kōkua kēia i ka limu e wili i loko o ka wai, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka streamlining, a no laila wikiwiki.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka heroine o ka ʻatikala e ka metabolism. ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kinona o ke kino. ʻOiai pinepine ia i ka manamana-like, hiki iā ia ke:
- me he kea la
- ʻolokaʻa
- poepoe
- puʻupuʻu
ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻo Euglena, ʻaʻole ʻike maka ʻia kāna flagellum inā e ola ana ke kele. Hūnā ke kaʻina mai nā maka no ka pinepine o ka neʻe. ʻAʻole hiki i ka maka o ke kanaka ke hopu iā ia. Hāʻawi pū ke anawaena liʻiliʻi o ka flagellum i kēia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope.
ʻO ke kūkulu o Euglena
E hōʻuluʻulu i ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā mokuna mua, ʻO Green Euglena - holoholona aiʻole nā mea kanu e pili ana i:
- ʻO Flagellum, ke alo o kahi e hoʻokau iā Euglena i ka papa o nā flagellates. Loaʻa i kona mau lunamakaʻāinana mai 1 a i ʻole 4 mau hana. ʻO ke anawaena flagellum ma kahi o 0.25 micrometers. Uhi ʻia ke kaʻina me kahi membrane plasma a haku ʻia me nā microtubes. Neʻe lākou i kekahi i kekahi. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka neʻe ʻana o ka flagellum. Hoʻopili ʻia i 2 kino basal. Mālama lākou i ka flagellum wikiwiki i ka cytoplasm o ke kele.
- Peephole. Kāhea ʻia nō hoʻi he stigma. Loaʻa nā fiber optic a me nā aniani e like me ka hoʻokumu ʻana. Ma muli o lākou, hopu ka maka i ke kukui. Hōʻike kāna aniani i ka flagellum. Loaʻa iā ia kahi impulse, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e neʻe. ʻO nā lālā ʻulaʻula ma muli o nā kulu kala o lipid - momona. Ua kala ʻia me nā carotenoids, i ka hematochrome. ʻO nā pigment organik o nā leo ʻalani-ʻulaʻula i kapa ʻia ʻo carotenoids. Hoʻopuni ʻia ka ʻola e kahi membrane like like me ka chloroplast.
- ʻO Chromatophores. ʻO kēia ka inoa o nā hunaola a me nā ʻāpana o nā mea kanu. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka chlorophyll a me nā chloroplasts i loaʻa iā ia. Ke komo nei i ka photosynthesis, hana lākou i nā mea ʻaʻā. Ke hōʻiliʻili nei, hiki i ka hope ke hoʻopili i nā chromatophores. A laila lilo ʻo Euglena i keʻokeʻo ma kahi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
- Pellicula. ʻO ia nā vesicle membrane pālahalaha. Hoʻokumu lākou i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni integumentary protozoan. Ma ke ala, i ka ʻōlelo Latina, he ʻili ka pillis.
- ʻO ka vakuole kuʻuna. Aia ma lalo o ke kumu o ka flagellum. I ka ʻōlelo Latina, holo ka manaʻo o ka voleole. E like me ka ʻōnaehana muscular, ʻaelike ka ʻōnaehana, kaomi ʻana i ka nui o ka wai i waho o ka pūnaewele. Mālama kēia i kahi leo mau o Euglena.
Me ke kōkua o ka vakuole contractile, ʻaʻole wale ka kipaku ʻia ʻana o nā huahana metabolic, akā ka hanu pū kekahi. Ua like ko lākou ʻōnaehana Euglena Zelena a me Amoeba... ʻO ke kumu o ke kolamu ka nukelea. Ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia i ka hope hope o ke kino algae, kau ʻia ma nā filament chromatin. ʻO ka nucleus ke kumu o ka mahele, ka mea hoʻonui ʻO Green Euglena. Papa ʻike ʻia ka mea maʻalahi e kēia ala o ka hoʻohua.
ʻO ka hoʻopiha wai ʻana o ka huna Euglena ka cytoplasm. ʻO kāna kumu he hyaloplasm. Aia i loko o nā protein, polysaccharides a me nā nucleic acid. Aia i waena o lākou e waiho ʻia ai nā mea starch-like. Lana maoli nā mea i loko o ka wai. ʻO kēia hopena ka cytoplasm.
Paa ʻole ka pākēneka haku mele o ka cytoplasm a nele i ka hoʻonohonoho. ʻAʻohe waihoʻoluʻu ke hoʻopiha ʻana i ka ʻike o ke kolamu. Hoʻolālā wale ʻia ʻo Euglene e ka chlorophyll. ʻOiaʻiʻo, kaupalena ʻia ka cytoplasm e kāna mau puʻupuʻu, ka nucleus a me ka membrane.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka meaʻai a Euglena Zelena ʻaʻole wale i ka hapalua autotrophic, akā i ka hapalua heterotrophic. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi hoʻomaha o kahi lāʻau starch-like i ka cytoplasm o ka huna. He mālama mālama mālama kēia no ka lā ua. Kāhea ʻia ka ʻano kāwili ʻia o ka meaʻai e ka ʻepekema. Inā komo ʻo Euglena i loko o nā kino o ka wai i hūnā ʻia mai ka mālamalama, no ka laʻana, nā ana, nalo mālie ka chlorophyll.
A laila hoʻomaka ka limu unicellular e like me ka holoholona maʻalahi, e hānai wale ana i nā meaola. Hōʻoia hou kēia i ka hiki i ka pilina ma waena o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. I ke alo o nā kukui, ʻaʻole ka heroine o ka ʻatikala e huli i ka "hopu holoholona" a me ka hana ʻole. No ke aha e hoʻolale ai i kahi flagellum ke hāʻule ka meaʻai i ke ʻano o ke kukui ma luna ou? Hoʻomaka ʻo Euglena e neʻe me ka ʻeleu wale nō i nā kūlana pōuliuli.
ʻAʻole hiki i ka limu ke hana me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai i ka pō, ʻoiai he microscopic ia. ʻAʻohe wahi e lawa ai nā mālama o ka ikehu. Hoʻolilo koke ʻia ke kālā hōʻiliʻili i nā kaʻina hana. Inā pōloli ʻo Euglena, ke ʻike nei i ka nele o ka malamalama a me ka nele o nā meaola i loko o ka wai, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻai i kahi lāʻau starch-like. Kapa ʻia ʻo paramil. Hoʻohana pū nā holoholona i ka momona i mālama ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili.
I kahi lako mana kākoʻo protozoan Euglena Green nā hōkele, ma ke ʻano he rula, i kahi cyst. He pūpū paʻakikī ia e hana ai nā limu ke kaomi ʻia. ʻO ka capsule e like me kahi huʻa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua unuhi ʻia ka manaʻo o "cyst" mai Greek.
Ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka cyst, hoʻolei ka limu i ka flagellum. Ke hāʻawi nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole i nā mea maʻamau, germinates ka cyst. Hiki paha i hoʻokahi Euglena ke puka i waho o ka capsule, a i ʻole kekahi. Ulu kēlā me kēia flagellum hou. I ka lā, holo wikiwiki ʻo Euglens i nā wahi mālamalama maikaʻi o ka waihona, e mālama ana i ka papa. I ka pō, hāʻawi ʻia nā meaola unicellular ma luna o ka wahi holoʻokoʻa o ka loko iʻa a i ʻole ka muliwai i hope.
Nā Organoids o Euglena Green
ʻO nā Organoids kahi paʻa a me nā hanana loea. Loaʻa kēia i nā kino holoholona a me nā mea kanu. Aia kekahi manawa ʻokoʻa - organelles.
Nā Organoids o Euglena Green, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i helu ʻia ma ka mokuna "Kūkulu". ʻO kēlā me kēia organelle kahi mea waiwai o ka pūnaewele, me ka ʻole o ia hiki ke:
- e hoonui
- hoʻokō i ka huna o nā mea like ʻole
- synthesize i kekahi mea
- hana a hoʻololi i ka ikehu
- hoʻoili a mālama i nā mea kūlohelohe
ʻO nā organelles kahi ʻano o nā meaola eukaryotic. Loaʻa i kēia mau mea kahi kumu a me kahi membrane waho. Ua kūpono ʻo Euglena Zelenaya i ka wehewehe. E hōʻuluʻulu, ʻo nā organelles eukaryotic nā: endoplasmic retikulum, nucleus, membrane, centrioles, mitochondria, ribosome, lysosome, a me nā mīkini Golgi. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho o nā organelles a Euglena. Hōʻike kēia i ka primitiveness o ka unicellular.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o Euglena Zelena, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, hoʻomaka me ka pale nukelea. Hōʻalo nā mea hou ʻelua i nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ka pā. A laila hoʻomaka ia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻaoʻao longitudinal. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale kea. Holo ka laina haʻihaʻi a Euglena Zelena ma waena o nā ʻelua ʻelua. ʻO ka pūpū hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, me he mea lā, ua pani ʻia ma kēlā me kēia hapalua o ke keena. Hoʻohuli ia i ʻelua kūʻokoʻa.
ʻOiai kū ka lōʻihi lōʻihi, ulu kahi flagellum ma ka "ʻāpana ʻole". Hiki ke hana i ka hana ma ka wai wale nō, akā i ka hau, ma ka hau. E ahonui ʻo Euglena i ke anuanu. No laila, loaʻa ka hau pua i nā Urals, Kamchatka, a me nā mokupuni Arctic. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha ia. ʻO nā ʻohana o ka heroine o ka ʻatikala - Red and Black Euglena - lawelawe ma ke ʻano he pigment.
Māhele o Euglena Zelena
ʻO ke ola o Euglena Zelena, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pau ʻole, mai ka unicellular reproduces e ka mahele. ʻO ka pūnaewele hou kahi ʻāpana o ka mea kahiko. Hoʻomau ka mea mua e "hāʻawi" i nā keiki, e koe ana iā ia iho.
Inā kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke ola o kahi kikoʻī paʻa e hoʻomau i kona kūpaʻa, e pili ana ia i kekahi mau lā ʻelua. Pēlā ke ʻano o nā meaola unicellular he nui. Heʻuʻuku ko lākou ola e like me ko lākou nui. Ma ke ala, ua haku ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "Euglena" i nā huaʻōlelo Helene ʻelua - "eu" a me "glene". Ua unuhi ʻia ka mea mua ma ke ʻano he "maikaʻi", a ʻo ka lua he "aniani kiko". I ka wai, ʻalalā maoli ka limu.
Me nā protozoa ʻē aʻe, hele ʻo Euglena Zelenaya i ka papahana kula. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā limu pākahi me ka paʻa i ka papa 9. Hāʻawi pinepine nā kumu i nā keiki i ka mana maʻamau ʻo Euglena kahi mea kanu. Loaʻa nā nīnau e pili ana iā ia i ka hōʻike ma ka biology.
Hiki i kekahi ke hoʻomākaukau no nā puke haʻawina botani a me nā holoholona. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia nā ʻelua iā Euglene Zelena. No laila, aʻo kekahi mau kumu i nā keiki e pili ana i ka pālua o ka unicellular. ʻO ka manawa pinepine hāʻawi ʻia kahi papa hohonu i nā papa biochemical loea. Aia ma lalo kahi wikiō e pili ana iā Euglene Zelyonaya, nāna e hoʻoweliweli i nā ciliates o nā kāmaʻa.
