ʻO nā kākalaioa liʻiliʻi mai ka ʻohana haracin aloha ʻia e nā novar aquarists no ko lākou unpretentiousness a me nā hiʻohiʻona pā. ʻO nā kāmela - nā mea kala ʻāpana - ua lilo i ʻano laha o nā iʻa kaulana.
ʻO ke kākalaioa nā kākalaioa kālai ʻia i kālai ʻia
Ma kahi o ke kala hina hinuhinu, ua loaʻa i nā kino iʻa i ʻōmaʻomaʻo, melemele, ʻākala, nā aka polū ma muli o nā kuikui kūikawā me kahi ʻano kala. ʻO ka aquarium me nā kākalaioa i lilo i kaleidoscope - nā ʻāpana o nā caramels shimmer me nā kala āpau o ke ānuenue.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kākalaioa caramel
ʻO nā iʻa kupaianaha mai nā waihona wai Brazil i hōʻike mua ʻia ma ʻEulopa i nā makahiki 30 o ke kenekulia i hala, a ua lawe ʻia i Lūkia i 1946. I kēia manawa he mea maʻamau nā kākalaioa hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i kēlā me kēia hale kūʻai holoholona.
ʻO nā Caramels nā punahele i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻole ʻia no ka ʻumeʻume ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe kūʻai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu nā poʻe āpau i nā ʻenehana hou no ka pena ʻana i ka iʻa. Ma ʻEulopa, ma muli o ke ʻano kūʻē, ʻaʻole lākou e kūʻai i kēlā poʻe kamaʻāina no kā lākou aquariums.
Thornsia albino
ʻO nā kākalaioa Multicolor, ke kāhea ʻia lākou, uku no ko lākou helehelena me ke olakino olakino. Pono lākou i ka nānā hou aʻe ma mua o nā congeners me nā kala kūlohelohe. Pono nā mea nona ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole i hoʻoili ʻia ka pigment o nā mea mālamalama i nā hoʻoilina.
Hiki i ka hopena kemika o ke kala ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, a laila mae ke kapa a nalowale ke ʻano o ka expressiveness. Pau ke kala i ka poʻe kala wale nō, akā i nā ʻelele maʻamau o ke kākalaioa. Ma waena o nā kumu, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole o ka iʻa a me nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.
I kūlohelohe iʻa kakalaioa noho i nā kahawai kūloko o ʻAmelika Hema, akā hoʻolako i nā poʻe kala i ka hapanui mai nā mahi hānai kūikawā ma Vietnam. Hoʻohuli pinepine kahi huakaʻi lōʻihi i ke ʻano o ka iʻa i maʻalahi i nā maʻi.
ʻO ke kākalaioa nā kākalaioa kala
Ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana, pono e quarantine kahi pūʻulu nani i loko o kahi pahu kaʻawale, a laila neʻe wale i kahi aquarium maʻamau. Inā ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka maʻi i loko o ʻelua mau pule, a laila e hauʻoli ka iʻa i nā mea nona ka wā lōʻihi.
Ternetia he kino kiʻekiʻe a pālahalaha kona. I ka lōʻihi, hiki ka iʻa i ka 5.5-6 cm. Mākaukau ke kanaka no ka hānai ʻana inā aia ka nui ma kahi o 3 cm. ʻO ke ʻano o waho o ke kākalaioa he mau kaha ʻeleʻele kū i ka kino, nā peʻa nui.
ʻAno like ʻo ʻAnakē i ka lepa akamai. Mahalo i kēia ʻāpana kupaianaha o ke kino, mai ka ʻōpū a i ka hiʻu, ʻaʻole hiki ke huikau ke kākalaioa me nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka aquarium. ʻO ka fin dorsal, haiki a kiʻekiʻe, kuhikuhi haʻaheo i luna. Aia kahi fin adipose liʻiliʻi ma ka hiʻu.
ʻO Thorncia Glofish pink
Kau ʻia nā maka nunui ma nā ʻaoʻao, hoʻokuʻi ʻia ka iwi ā lalo i mua. Pili wale ka kaulana o ka iʻa caramel ʻaʻole wale me ke kala nani, akā me nā mea maikaʻi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻike.
- ke ʻano maluhia o nā kamaʻāina;
- maʻalahi o ka hana hou;
- ka hana a me ka neʻe;
- ka loaʻa o ka ʻike no nā aquarist novice.
ʻO nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā iʻa ke nānā aku i nā mea kupaianaha, hoʻonāukiuki i nā manaʻo maikaʻi, ʻoliʻoli ke kapa nani o nā kamaʻāina, keu hoʻi nā keiki.
Nā ʻano kākalaioa
Loaʻa nā kāmela, ʻokoʻa i ke kala, i ka hoʻopili ʻana me kahi wai kala. Hāʻawi ka hana waho i waho iā ʻoe e hoʻokō i nā hopena ʻano ʻē, kahi hoihoi i hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole wale e nā amateurs, akā me nā ʻoihana.
Kākala ka pale
Hoʻonawaliwali ka hōʻike kemikal i ke kino o nā kākalaioa, akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻololi i nā ʻano biological, ka lawena a mālama ʻana paha iā lākou. ʻO nā kala i makemake nui ʻia o nā iʻa:
- ākala;
- polū;
- melemele;
- Vaioleta;
- ōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻO nā hana maʻamau i ka leʻaleʻa aquarium e alakaʻi i ka hāʻawi nui ʻana o nā caramel exotic. Kūʻai ʻia nā iʻa kula ma ka liʻiliʻi he 7-9 mau kānaka, akā ʻo ka nui o lākou i kahi hui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Lawe lākou i ko lākou wahi kūpono i waena o nā ʻano kākalaioa ʻē aʻe.
- kilakila;
- pākū;
- gula;
- albinos.
ʻO glornish Thorncia (GloFish) - hoʻololi i ka iʻa me kahi ʻōlapa fluorescent. ʻO ka hoʻomālamalama Ultraviolet e hoʻomālamalama iā lākou. ʻAʻole like me nā kaʻa kaʻa, hoʻoilina ke kala.
Kakalaioa Multicolor
Nā ʻano kākalaioa hana ʻia e nā ʻenehana transgenic e hoʻohana ana i ka DNA o nā jellyfish, nā ʻākoʻako ʻula, nā hui like ʻole. A ʻo kahi hopena, loaʻa nā ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻalani, polū, a me nā melemele.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻaʻole pili ka pena ʻana i ka hiʻu a i ʻole nā fin. ʻEleʻele a ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele paha lākou. Hoʻohuli kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka inoa lua o nā kākalaioa - ke kūmākena tetra, ʻoiai kahi fin fin lōʻihi e hoʻopili ana i ka laina o lalo o ke kino, e hana ana i kahi ʻōuli pouli.
Mālama a me ka mālama ʻana
Hoʻoholo ʻia ke koho ʻana o kahi aquarium e nā hoʻolālā no ka noho ʻana o nā iʻa kula. Pono kahi kākalaioa karamela makua i kahi nui o ka wai, ma ka liʻiliʻi 10 liters. No laila, ma muli o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻohana liʻiliʻi he 6-7 mau kānaka, pono kahi aquarium me kahi hiki ke loaʻa iā 60 liters.
I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka iʻa caramel, aia kekahi mau kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe i loko o ka aquarium, ʻo ka nui o kahi waihona i hana ʻia i mea maikaʻi loa ma 100 liters.Maʻiʻo Thorny mai paʻakikī. ʻOiai kahi aquarist ʻike ʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi nohona hōʻoluʻolu no nā kaʻa kaʻa. ʻAe ʻia ka ʻano o ka wai i kēia mau ʻōkuhi:
- mahana - 23-26 °;
- paakiki - 16 °;
- acidity 6.0-7.5
Koi ʻia nā kākalaioa ʻo Caramel i ka wai waikawa palupalu, akā ua ʻike ʻia ke hoʻololi maikaʻi lākou i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa. Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā pono nui o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka waihona iʻa i loko o ka hana ʻana i kahi e ʻae ʻia no nā mea āpau. Paipai ʻia kahi hoʻololi o ka wai ma kahi o ka hapahā o ka nui o ka aquarium i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule.
ʻO ke koho ʻana o ka lepo a me nā mea kanu e hana i kahi lewa o ka honua i lalo o ka wai. Kūlike ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi biotope maoli. He iʻa kala ʻo Thorncia, no laila, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻonani kūikawā. I ka ʻono o ka mea nona ka aquarium, ka driftwood improvised, grottoes, hoʻonoho ʻia nā pā hale, kau ʻia nā pōhaku i ke one o ka muliwai, nā lau i hāʻule.
Hiki i nā Caramels ke hana me nā hale ʻole kūikawā, akā makemake lākou i ke alo o nā limu i kanu ʻia. ʻO kahi kiʻi kūpono no lākou, i ka lana ʻana o nā mea kanu ma luna, mai hoʻopilikia i kā lākou maneuvers i ka neʻe wikiwiki.
Hiki i nā pae ʻāina āpau ke hana ʻia ma ke anapuni o ka ipu i mea manuahi ke kikowaena no ke ola hana o nā kamaʻāina. ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku o nā limu liʻi liʻiliʻi: echinodorus, ʻano cryptocoryne, a pēlā aku.
Pono ʻia nā pono no ka kānana wai a me nā ea e like me nā poʻe aquarium ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hana ʻana o kahi kahawai kahe o ka wai kahe e ʻae i nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa e lana me ke au, kūʻē iā ia. Kuhikuhi kūpono i ka mokulele ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka aquarium.
Mālama ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukui uila i nā hola ao a 10 mau hola a keu. ʻAʻole nui ko lākou mana i ka caramel kakalaioa ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kahi wela wela ke piʻi aʻe i luna. Pono e pale ʻia ka aquarium mai ka lā kūpono no ke kumu like. Pono iʻa i nā kukui palupalu a diffuse hoʻi.
ʻO Thorncia Glofish ʻōmaʻomaʻo
Ternetia - iʻa aquarium me ke ʻano, no laila e pani paʻa ʻia ka ipu hana me ka ea hou. Uhi pinepine ʻia lākou me ke kīʻaha a i ʻole kekahi ʻano aniani moakaka. Inā ʻole, lele ka iʻa karamela i hoʻomaka e pāʻani i ka wai a make.
I ka ʻai pono kala kala omnivorous, undemanding i ka papaʻai. Lawe ʻia ka ʻai i ka papa o ka wai. Ma ka lalo, kiʻi ʻia nā koena o nā meaʻai e nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ka aquarium. ʻOiai loaʻa ka makemake nui o nā caramels, ʻaʻohe o lākou makemake e ʻai nui. ʻAʻole pono nā mea ʻona e hāʻawi i ka meaʻai i ka nui i ka poʻe iʻa wai. Hiki ke kau ʻia ka papaʻai ma nā flakes maikaʻi.
ʻAneʻane kūpono nā meaʻai kuʻuna āpau i ka hānai ʻana. I loko nō o ka hiamoe o nā kaʻa kaʻa, he predatory kā lākou kumu, no laila, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā meaʻai ola: bloodworms, brine shrimp, daphnia, cyclops. Loaʻa nā crustacea liʻiliʻi i nā huaora A a me D, chitin, kahi mea e pono ai no ka ʻai o ka iʻa.
I kekahi manawa hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā kamaʻāina hipa i ka ʻiʻo i kāwili ʻia. I mea e pale aku ai i ka nalo ʻana o ke kala i ke kala, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia ka papaʻai o nā kākalaioa me nā mea minamina. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i ke ola, ke olakino a me ka hiki ke hana hou i nā kākalaioa kākalaioa e pili ana i ka nui o ka papa kuhikuhi.
Kūlike me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe
ʻO nā hoalauna o nā kākalaioa caramel i loko o ka aquarium pono ke kaulike iʻa, 4-5 cm ka lōʻihi me kahi ʻano maluhia. ʻO nā kamaʻāina hui kūpono he pahi kaua, he pōpoki ʻeke, ʻāpana labyrinth e like me gourami. Aia ka makaʻu o ka ʻai ʻia i nā iʻa i hānau hou ʻia, a me nā ʻano liʻiliʻi e like me nā guppi a i ʻole nā neona. E alualu nā kaʻa kaʻa uila iā lākou.
Pākuʻi kakalaioa me nā iʻa hoʻonaninani i makemake ʻole ʻia ma muli o ka makemake o nā kalima nimble e nahu i nā pale o nā hoalauna lohi. ʻOiai i loko o kā lākou pūʻā hipa, ke nahu nei i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā congeners i kekahi manawa. ʻAʻole ia e koi ʻia e hoʻohui i nā kākalaioa me nā mea ʻino nui e koi ana e hopu i nā panalāʻau. ʻO Cichlazomas, hiki i nā astronotuse ke hōʻeha i nā kaʻa kaʻa.
Kūpono kūpono ka iʻa caramel no ka mālama ʻana i kahi aquarium maʻamau me nā ʻano iʻa he nui. Inā he pūʻulu nui nā kākalaioa, ua kau nui lākou i ka kamaʻilio kūloko. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke noho kaʻawale - lilo iʻa i mea hakakā.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Mākaukau nā iʻa ulu no ka hānau ʻana i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi makahiki me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 3-4 cm. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoulu i nā kākalaioa makua, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i nā kalamona ʻōpio moekolohe. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomākaukau me ka waiho ʻana o nā paʻa i wae ʻia a me ka hānai nui ʻana o nā iʻa me nā meaʻai ola.
Hoʻomākaukau kahi ipu kūikawā o 30 liters a ʻoi paha no ka hoʻoulu ʻana. ʻO kahi no ka aquarium e pono ai me ka mālamalama i hoʻomālamalama ʻia, pōuliuli, palupalu. Kūpono ʻo Twilight, i hiki ke hana ʻia me nā pale o ka pepa e uhi ana i ke aniani mālamalama o kahi waihona i hana ʻia.
No ka ʻōpū, ua koho ʻia ka lepo ʻeleʻele, nā mea kanu lau liʻiliʻi, a me ka wai waikawa palupalu. No ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, maikaʻi e kau i ka limu wai ma lalo o ka aquarium. Paipai ʻia ka pae o ka wai e mālama ʻia ma 7-8 cm, me kahi mahana o 24-25 ° C.
Koi ʻia kahi kānana i ka ipu; koi ʻia kahi thermostat e mālama i ka mahana i makemake ʻia. Pale aku ka wai i kekahi mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻopihapiha ʻana i ka lepo. Pono e māʻona me ka oxygen, loaʻa nā tannins.
E hana i kēia, ma hope o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi wai i hoʻolapalapa ʻia i ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a hoʻohui i ka peat extract me kahi hopena acid, e hoʻohui i nā aʻa willow, nā ʻone alder. ʻO kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka unuhi ka lāʻau ʻoka a i ʻole tī tī nāwaliwali.
Ma hope o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka iʻa, ma hope o 3-6 mau lā, hoʻomaka ka neʻe ʻana o ka pālua. ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o ke kākalaioa hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ke kakahiaka nui. Kalaiwa ke kāne i ka wahine ma loko o ka waihona wai me nā wahi pōkole.
Kuha aku ka wahine i mau haneli hua manu pipili i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a hiki i 30. Noho lākou ma nā lau limu, nā kikoʻī hoʻonaninani o ka aquarium. Hoʻoulu ke kāne i nā hua me ka waiū.
ʻO ka manawa spawning a i ʻekolu mau hola. ʻO ka nui o nā hua manu i hoʻoulu ʻia a momona i hōʻea i hoʻokahi tausani a ʻoi paha. ʻIke kēia aquarists i kēia kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaʻina hana, pono ia e kanu i nā mākua i loko o kahi ipu ʻē aʻe i ʻai ʻole ʻia ka caviar a me nā mea e hiki mai ana. Mālama ka ʻupena i ka lalo o ka aquarium mai ka luku ʻia o nā keiki.
ʻO ka aquarium me nā kākalaioa ke nānā aku me ka nani a me nā kala
Ma kahi o 2 mau lā e kali ai no ka pā ʻana mai o ka larva. Pono e wela ka wai i loko o ka ipu i 27-28 ° C. Pākuʻi ʻole ʻia nā ʻōpala ola i nā mea kanu a me nā paia o ka waihona wai, i ke kolu o ka lā ua hoʻomaka lākou i kā lākou ʻauʻau ponoʻī ʻana.
He mea nui nō naʻe ka hana ʻana o ka kupu ʻana o nā kākalaioa, ʻaʻole ia he mea e pilikia ai, akā ʻike ʻia ka palu palu ʻana, liʻiliʻi loa ka nui. Lawe ʻia ka hānai hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kākalaioa me ka hānai liʻiliʻi loa. Hoʻopili kēia i ka lepo ola lepo, e like me nā rotifers. Hiki ke hānai ʻia i ka ʻai lana me ka yolk i hoʻolapalapa ʻia.
ʻAʻole ola nā mea āpau, hiki i ko lākou make nui. ʻO ka ulu ʻana i kēlā me kēia kanaka e pono e hoʻoliʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i daphnia moina, nā liʻiliʻi o ke koko, ʻokiʻoki i ka corona - hānai nui. ʻAi mua ʻia nā ʻai pōloli me nā mea maloʻo maloʻo a me nā mea hana, a laila hāʻawi ʻia i kā lākou meaʻai maʻamau.
He mea nui i nā mea nona ke kiaʻi i ke ʻano o ka hānai maloʻo: e nānā i ka lā o ka hana ʻana, ola papa, mai mālama ākea ia i mea e pale aku ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka flora pathogenic. I ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻai, koi ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka nui: e neʻe i nā mea nui a hana, e hāʻawi ana i nā poʻe liʻiliʻi i kahi manawa e ola ai.
Iʻa Thornsia
Ma ka laulaha, ikaika ka olakino o ke kākalaioa. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ka iʻa i nā wahi like ʻole me nā fluctuations i ka waikawa, paʻakikī, ka mahana o ka wai. ʻOi aku ka nāwaliwali o nā caramels waihoʻoluʻu ma mua o ko lākou mau hoahānau, akā ʻaʻohe ʻano kūlike ʻole o ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana o kēia mau mea nani. Pili ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka poʻe aquarist ʻike i nā ʻano kakalaioa āpau.
Penei ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi:
- kahi hoʻonui i ka mahana o ka waihona i 30 ° С;
- ʻauʻau paʻakai;
- ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antiseptics - trypaflavin a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO kahi ʻano mālama i nā poʻe noho wai e mālama iā lākou i ke ola a hiki i 4-5 mau makahiki, keu hoʻi nā mea ikaika hiki ke ola i 6 mau makahiki.
Nā ʻano moekolohe
Kui ʻia ke kākalaioa ʻo Caramel. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka wahine a me ke kāne i ke kula iʻa e nā hōʻailona e ʻike maopopo ʻia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke ʻano o nā kino. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine, ākea. Pōʻai aʻe ko lākou ʻōpū. He ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā peʻa: he ʻano like ke anal me ke kihi ākea, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka dorsal ma mua o ka wēlau o ke kāne.
Kalaioa wahine a me nā kāne
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kāne, pālahalaha ke kino, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka fin dorsal a he ʻano poepoe kona, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ke aniani a nānā aku ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka wahine.
Kumukuai Thorny
Ua pālahalaha nā kākalaioa a hiki ke loaʻa ma nā hale kūʻai holoholona a kūʻai ʻia paha ma ka pūnaewele. ʻOi aku ka pipiʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā caramels ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kākalaioa maʻamau, mai 100-130 rubles ia.
Aia ke kumu kūʻai i nā koho kala, ka nui o ke kauoha, ka makahiki a me ke ʻano o ka iʻa. Kaulana loa kākalaioa... ʻOluʻolu nā mea aloha i nā mea aloha, ʻoluʻolu nā keiki me kona hiʻohiʻona.
No ka mea āu e uku ai no ka iʻa ola, ʻaʻole ana ʻia ke kumukūʻai maoli e nā banknotes, akā e ka hoihoi maoli i ka honua ʻano ʻē o ka poʻe noho o nā kahawai haole. ʻO ke ʻano kanaka ke alakaʻi i nā hoʻokolohua a hoʻololi i ka honua - kakalaioa i ke kiʻi hōʻoia o kēia. ʻO ke kūʻai ʻana mai iʻa i koi i ka aquarist e mālama pono a mālama pono i ke ola liʻiliʻi a palupalu o nā caramels.
