"Hele ka bea wawae i loko o ka ululāʻau, ʻohiʻohi i nā cones, hīmeni i kahi mele ..." ʻO ka bear brown e haʻi pinepine ʻia i nā kaʻao, nā ʻōlelo, a me nā mele a nā keiki. I ka moʻolelo, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he puʻupuʻu ʻano maikaʻi, ikaika a maʻalahi hoʻi.
ʻIke ʻia i kahi kukui ʻokoʻa i ka heraldry: ke kiʻi o ka bea e hoʻonani i nā kapa he nui a me nā hae aupuni. Eia kahi hōʻailona o ka ikaika, ka ikaika a me ka mana. "Haku o ka taiga" - ʻo kēia kā Siberians kāhea ʻana iā ia. A i kēia kūpono lākou Bea bear ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea ʻaihue ʻāina nui, he kanaka ʻimi naʻau ʻino a loko ʻino hoʻi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho o ka bear bear
ʻO ka bear bear (Ursus arctos) pili i ka ʻohana bear a ʻo ka lua wale nō ia o kona hoa ʻĀpana i ka nui. Ka wehewehe o ka bea ʻeleʻele pono mākou e hoʻomaka me kāna ulu mua ʻole.
ʻO ka mea nui loa ola nā bear brown ma ka moku ʻo Alaska a ua kapa ʻia he kodiaks. Hiki i ko lākou lōʻihi i 2.8 m, ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi maloʻo - a i 1.6 m, hiki i ka nui o nā pilikua clubfoot ke ʻoi aku i 750 kg. ʻO ka hapa nui bea palaunu nuii hopu ʻia no ka Berlin Zoological Park, he 1134 kg ke kaumaha.
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa kā kā mākou Kamchatka bear mai iā lākou i ka nui. ʻO ka awelika o ka bear bear mai ka 1.3-2.5 m, ke kaupaona - 200-450 kg. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana o nā kāne ma mua o ka wahine i 1.5 mau manawa.
Uhi ʻia ke kino o ka meʻe o ka nahele me ka huluhulu mānoanoa, i pale ʻia iā ia mai nā ʻelima huhū ʻelua i ka wela o ke kauwela a mai ke anuanu i ka wā o ke kauwela.
ʻO kaʻaʻahu me nā olonā fluffy pokole e mahana a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. Ulu ka lauoho i ke ʻano i ke kau ua, hāʻule nā wili i ka huluhulu, kokoke me ka ʻole o ka pulu iā ia.
Waihoʻoluʻu - nā aka a pau o ka brown. He ʻokoʻa nā bear i nā ʻāpana o nā anilā: he kapa fawn gula kā kekahi, a ʻo kekahi e kokoke i ʻeleʻele.
ʻO nā bea i ka Himalayas a me nā mauna Rocky he lauoho lauoho kala ma ko lākou kua, ʻoiai ʻo ka bea Suria he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula nui. ʻO kā mākou mau bea Lūkini he ʻeleʻele i ke kala.
Bears molt hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki: hoʻomaka ia i ka puna i ka wā o ka rut, a hoʻopau ma mua o ka hoʻoilo. Palau a ʻike ʻole ʻia ka molt o ka hāʻule, pau loa ka huluhulu i ka manawa pōkole ma mua o ka moe ʻana i ka lua.
Loaʻa bea ʻeleʻele i ke kiʻi ʻike maopopo ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu koʻikoʻi - he mauna kēia o nā mākala ma kahi o nā maeele, e ʻae nei i nā holoholona e ʻeli i ka honua me ka maʻalahi. ʻO ia ka musculature o ka ʻaoʻao i luna e hāʻawi i ka bea i kahi ikaika ikaika.
He kaumaha ke poʻo, nui, me ka lae i ho'ākāka maikaʻi ʻia a me kahi kaumaha kokoke i ke alahaka o ka ihu. I nā bear brown, ʻaʻole elongated e like me nā bear polar. Liʻiliʻi ka pepeiao, a me nā maka hohonu. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka waha o ka holoholona me nā niho he 40, nui nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻūlū, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke koena (mea ʻai).
Monstrous ka mana o ka nahu berena ʻeleʻele. ʻO ke kumu kūikawā o ka iwi poʻo, ka pali sagittal i kapa ʻia, hāʻawi i kahi ākea hou aʻe no ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mākau aʻa. ʻEhue nā ʻāpana ʻehā bear me ka ikaika o nā lewa 81 a hiki ke ʻoki i nā ʻāpana nui o ka ʻiʻo.
Kaha a pīhoihoi ka paws. He 5 mau manamana lima a me nā māiʻuʻu nunui (a i 10 cm), ʻaʻohe hiki i ka bea ke hoʻi i hope. Uhi ʻia nā wāwae me ka ʻili mānoanoa a paʻakikī hoʻi, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele mau.
ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia nā mākiao no ka ʻimi holoholona; me lākou, ʻeli ke bear i nā aʻa, nā paipu, nā puʻupuʻu i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kāna papaʻai. Ma waho o nā kānaka, hiki i nā bea ke hele pololei, ke hilinaʻi ma ko lākou mau wāwae hope.
ʻO ke ʻano hele wāwae, i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o nā kekona o nā kaʻao, ua wehewehe ʻia e ka mea ʻo ka bea, ke hele wāwae, ʻanuʻu ʻokoʻa ma nā ʻūhā hema ʻelua, a laila ma nā ʻūhā ʻākau ʻelua, a me he mea lā ke hele nei ia mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a i kēia ʻaoʻao.
ʻO nā manaʻo āpau, ʻo ka nāwaliwali loa o ka bea ke ʻike maka, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolohe ʻana, akā maikaʻi ke ʻano o ka honi (100 mau manawa ma mua o ke kanaka). Hiki i ka bea ke honi i ka meli 8 km mai ka pūnana a lohe i ke kani ʻana o kahi nalo meli e 5 km ka mamao.
Nā Panalāʻau ma hea e noho ai ka bear brown - nunui. Noho lākou ma kahi o Eurasia a me ʻAkau ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, koe ʻole nā wahi hema. Ma nā wahi āpau, kuhi ʻia kēia mau holoholona he kakaikahi loa, aia nā heluna nui ma nā moku ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kanada, a ʻoiaʻiʻo nō, ma Siberia a me ka Hikina hikina.
Bea ʻeleʻele - holoholona ka ululaau. Makemake lākou i nā ululāʻau hiki ʻole ke hiki i nā ulu lāʻau taiga me nā wahi pegy boggy a me nā kahawai pāpaʻu. I nā wahi pōhaku, noho ka wawae ma lalo o ka malu o nā ululāʻau, nā kahawai a me nā kahawai kuahiwi.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona, hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻepekema i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka bear brown, i ʻokoʻa a nui wale i ka nui a me ke kala. ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe āpau ʻaʻole ka grizzly kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa, akā he ʻano ʻokoʻa wale nō o ka mea ʻalani e noho ana i ka nui o ʻAmelika Hema.
ʻO Tellingly, ke kokoke loa i ka pou, ʻo ka nui o nā bea ʻeleʻele. Hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia kēia - i nā ʻano koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻomehana ʻana o nā holoholona nunui.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka bear bear
ʻO nā bea Brown ka poʻe mehameha ʻāina. Hiki i nā wahi kāne a 400 km km, nā wahine me nā keiki he 7 mau manawa ka liʻiliʻi. Kuhi kēlā me kēia bea i nā palena o kā lākou kikowaena me nā kaha a me nā kaha i nā kumu lāʻau. Alakaʻi nā holoholona i kahi nohona noho wale, auwana wale i ke ala o ka wahi me nā meaʻai hiki ke hele a nui aku, a i ʻole mai nā kānaka aku.
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona i ka lawena o ka bea ka hoʻomau. Hōʻike ʻia ka paʻakikī i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka nui o nā meaʻai, a no ka ʻāpana o kahi ʻono.
No laila, i ka hopena o ke kau, i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi hua mehameha e kau ana i ka lāʻau ʻāpala, e hoʻāʻo mua ka bea e kiʻi iā ia, a laila e hoʻāʻo e piʻi, a i ʻole hāʻule i nā lālā maʻalahi, e hoʻomaka ia e hoʻoluliluli i ka lāʻau a hiki i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka ʻāpala.
ʻO kekahi ʻano i loko o nā bea kahi hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo kupaianaha. Maʻalahi lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa, keu hoʻi i ka wā ʻōpio, a akamai hoʻi. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe ʻimi he nui i nā bea, ka poʻe i ʻike ma mua i kahi hei a me kāna hana, hoʻolei i nā pōhaku nunui a i ʻole nā lāʻau iā ia, a, hana ʻino ʻole, ʻai i ka maunu.
ʻImi loa nā bea, akā hoʻāʻo lākou e hōʻalo i ka hui ʻana me ka poʻe. Akā inā kū kēia, pili ka hana a ka holoholona i kona wā i ʻike ai i ke kanaka a me ka mea ma mua.
Hiki iā ia ke nānā i ka poʻe e ʻohiʻohi i nā hua a i ʻole nā ʻalalā, a laila ʻikea i nā nani āpau, hoʻonāukiuki ʻia e ka leo nui a ʻakaʻaka a ʻakaʻaka paha a kekahi. Ma hope o kēlā, hana pinepine ʻo ia i kahi lele liʻiliʻi i mua, hū i ka huhū, akā ʻaʻole hoʻouka.
I hoʻokahi minuke ma hope, huli ka mea nona ka nahele a haʻalele lau, e nānā ana i nā manawa he nui a kū. ʻO ka hoʻololi wikiwiki ke ʻano maʻamau no nā bea.
ʻO kahi laʻana ʻē aʻe, ke hālāwai ka bea me ke kanaka me ka pōpilikia ʻole a makaʻu, makaʻu, ma ke ʻano he kahe, ninini i nā ʻōpū. ʻO kēia kahi i hele mai ai ka inoa o ka maʻi "bear disease".
ʻAʻole ia he mea hūnā i ka hibernate bear. Ma mua o ka hibernating, hana nui lākou i mea e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka momona.ʻO Brown kaupaona i ke kauwela hoʻonui ia e 20%. Ke hele nei i kahi o ka lua (kahi puʻuwai i puʻupuʻu ʻia me kahi ʻāpana makani a i ʻole kahi wahi mehameha ma lalo o nā aʻa o kahi lāʻau i hāʻule), keʻakeʻa ka bea, hoʻopaʻa i kāna mau ala.
Noho ka bea i ka hoʻolalelale haʻalulu mai 2.5 a 6 mau mahina, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona a me nā ʻōuli o ke anilā. I ka moeʻuhane, mālama ʻia ka mahana o ke kino ma 34 ° C. Ke kali nei nā kāne a me nā wahine i nā keiki e hiamoe ʻokoʻa. ʻO nā bea me nā keiki o ka makahiki mua - moe like. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā wāwae ka mea maʻamau no nā pēpē wale nō.
Pilikino loa ka hiamoe o nā bear. Inā ʻoe e hoʻāla iā ia i waenakonu o ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻi i ka hiamoe hou a holoholo i loko o ka ululāʻau hau, kakaʻikahi ka meaʻai, huhū a huhū hoʻi.
ʻO ka mea maikaʻi ʻo ka hālāwai ʻana me ka bea koʻokoʻo hoʻohui. ʻAʻole like ia me nā manawa ʻē aʻe, e hoʻouka maoli nō ia. I loko o ka manawa hibernation ka nui o ka bear bear hoʻemi ʻia e ka awelika o 80 kg.
Mea ʻai bea palaunu
ʻAi nā bea Brown i nā mea āpau. Loaʻa i kā lākou papaʻai nā aʻa like ʻole, nā hua, nā ʻāpana, nā ʻōpiopio o nā lāʻau. ʻO ka mea kanu ka 75% o ka papa ʻaina clubfoot.
Hele lākou i nā māla, nā māla o nā kulina, nā ʻoka a me nā sereala ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopaʻa lākou i nā mea kolo: nā nalo, nā butterflies, nā anthills hōʻino. I kekahi manawa, alualu nā bea ʻeleʻele i nā moʻo, nā rana, nā ʻiole liʻiliʻi, a me nā iʻa.
ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā bea ma nā kahawai kokoke i ka wā o ka holo ʻana o ka salemona. ʻAʻau maikaʻi lākou a mākaukau i ka iʻa iʻa e hele ai i ka ʻōhua. ʻO Carrion kekahi kumu o ka meaʻai.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻimi holoholona ʻaʻole ia he papa hana ʻai no nā bea pala, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i nā dia, a me nā dia a me nā elk. Hana nui lākou i ka wā ahiahi - ma mua o ka wanaʻao a i ke ahiahi paha, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke holoholo ma waena o ka ululāʻau i ka lā keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o kahi bear brown
Hāpai nā bear i keiki i nā manawa o 2-4 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaka ka kahe i Mei a hiki ke hala mai 10 mau lā a i hoʻokahi mahina. I loko o kēia wā, ʻike ʻia nā bea kāne e ka uwo nui a me ka resonant a me ka hana kolohe. ʻO nā hakakā i waena o nā hoa paio kahi hanana pinepine a hoʻopau pinepine me ka make o kekahi o nā bea.
Hāpai ka bear-bear ma kahi o 200 mau lā. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o nā embryo ke hele wale i ka hibernation. Hānau ʻia nā ʻōpala (maʻa mau 2-3) i kahi ana ma ka waena o ka hoʻoilo, kuli, makapō a maikaʻi ʻole ka pubescent. Ma hope o 2 mau pule hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻolohe, ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina - e ʻike. ʻO ke kaupaona o ke keiki hānau hou ma kahi o 0.5 kg, ʻo ka lōʻihi he 20-23 cm.
Kupanaha ka ʻokoʻa o ka manaʻo makuahine i ka manawa o ka lua a ma hope o ka haʻalele. Inā ala aʻe ka bea, e haʻalele ʻo ia i kāna wahi moe a me nā pēpē pale pale ʻole a hoʻi hou i kēia wahi.
Hānai ka makuahine i ka ʻōpio ma kahi o 120 mau lā, a laila hoʻololi lākou e kanu i ka meaʻai. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka momona o ka waiū o Bear ma mua o ka waiū o ka bipi. ʻO ka pinepine, nā keiki mai nā keiki i hala e mālama i ko lākou kaikaina, e kiaʻi iā lākou a hoʻāʻo e pale iā lākou. Hiki i kekahi ke ʻōlelo me ke kānalua ʻole e pili ana i ka bear brown: ʻaʻole ia he makuakāne.
I ka makahiki 3, hiki i nā bea ʻōpio ke moekolohe a i ka hope loa e haʻi maikaʻi i ko lākou makuahine. E ulu lākou no nā makahiki hou he 7-8. ʻO ke ola o ka nahele ma kahi o ka nahele ma kahi o 30 mau makahiki, i ka noho pio ʻana - a i 50.
I ka puke ʻulaʻula, he bea ʻeleʻele ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he "ʻano hoʻoweliweli". Ma ka Honua, ma waena o nā ululāʻau hiki ʻole ke hele ʻia, aia ma kahi o 200 tausani mau kānaka, kahi o 120 tausani e noho nei ma ka palena o ka Russian Federation.
I ko lākou papa, ʻo nā bea ʻeleʻele kekahi o nā holoholona hanohano a ikaika loa, akā e like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka honua honua, pale pale ʻole lākou i nā kānaka. ʻOiai ke kumuhana o ka ʻimi no ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻili, ka ʻiʻo a me ka bile, hoʻopau ʻia lākou me ke aloha ʻole i kēia lā.
