ʻO ka ʻiole nunui-nipples (Mastomys) pili i nā koʻokoʻo a no ka ʻohana iole. Pono ka ʻauhau ʻauhau o ka genus Mastomys i ke aʻo piha ʻana a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā pae ʻāina no ka nui o nā laha.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o kahi ʻiole nunui
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kūwaho o ka iole nunui-nipples e like me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻiole a me nāʻiole. Nā ana o ke kino 6-15 knm, me ka lōʻihi o ka huelo 6-11 cm.ʻO ke kaupaona o ka ʻiole maha-nipple e pili ana iā 60 gram. He 8-12 pālua o nā nipples i ka mastomis. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka inoa kikoʻī.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka pale keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula melemele a i ʻole brown brown. Mālamalama ka hina o ke kino, hina, a keʻokeʻo. I ka mastomis hina, ʻeleʻele ka iris, a i ka mea ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula. Lōʻihi a palupalu hoʻi ka lauoho o ke koʻokoʻo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino 6-17 kenimika, ka huelo 6-15 cm ka lōʻihi, ke kaupaona 20-80 gram. ʻO nā wahine o kekahi laha o nā ʻiole polyamide a i 24 mau mammary glands. ʻAʻole maʻamau kēia helu o nā nipples no nā ʻano rodent ʻē aʻe. Aia kekahi ʻano mastomis me 10 mau mammary glands wale nō.
Ke hohola nei i kahi ʻiole nunui
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka ʻiole nunui-umauma i ka ʻāina ʻApelika hema o ka Sahara. ʻO kahi heluna kanaka kaʻawale i ʻAkau ʻApelika ma Morocco.
Nā wahi noho o ka iole polymax
Noho nā ʻiole poli-pūnana i nā ʻanoʻano biotopes.
Loaʻa lākou i nā ululāʻau maloʻo, savannas, semi-Desert. Noho lākou i nā kauhale ʻApelika. ʻAʻole lākou i loaʻa i nā kaona. Me he mea lā, pili kēia i ka hoʻokūkū me nā ʻiole hina a me nā ʻeleʻele, nā ʻano kolohe.
Hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻiole nunui
Hānai nāʻiole nunui-nipple i nā hua a me nā hua. Aia ʻo Invertebrates i kā lākou papaʻai.
Hānau i ka ʻiole nunui
Hānau nāʻiole multilayer i 23 mau lā. Hānau lākou i nā ʻiole makapō 10-12, ʻoi aku ka nui 22. Kaupaona lākou ma kahi o 1,8 gram a uhi ʻia me ka pōkole a me ka hapa o lalo. I ka lā ʻumikūmāono, hāmama nā maka o nā ʻiole. Hānai ka wahine i nā keiki me ka waiū no ʻekolu a ʻehā mau pule. Ma hope o 5-6 mau pule, hānai nāʻiole iā lākou iho. I ka makahiki o 2-3 mau mahina, hānau ka ʻiole polymax ʻōpio i nā keiki. Loaʻa i ka Mastomis he 2 mau hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Noho nā wahine i ʻelua mau makahiki, ola nā kāne ma kahi o ʻekolu mau makahiki.
Mālama ʻia kaʻiole nunui-nipples i ka pio
Ola nā ʻiole nunui-nipika i ka pio. Mālama ʻia ʻo Mastomis e kahi ʻohana liʻiliʻi i kahi hui, kahi i maʻa mau ʻia nā kāne 1 a me 3-5 mau wahine. ʻO kēia ʻano he polygamous i ke ʻano. ʻAʻole ola ka Mastomis hoʻokahi, pilikia lākou. Pau ka ʻai ʻana o nāʻiole.
No ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻiole nunui nunui, hoʻohana ʻia nā hīnaʻi metala me nā koʻokoʻo pinepine, a me kahi pā me ka lattice.
ʻO ia wale nō nā rodents me nā niho ʻoi loa e hiki ke kaʻawale mai kahi kūkulu paʻa ʻole. ʻO ka lalo lāʻau mānoanoa o ka hīnaʻi e ʻāwīwī loa ai. Ma loko, ua hoʻonani ʻia ka lumi me nā hale, nā ʻaʻā, nā huila, nā ʻanuʻu, a me nā perches. He mea pono e hana i nā mea hoʻonaninani mai ka wahie, ʻaʻole i ka palekiko. Kau ʻia ka mauʻu, mauʻu palupalu, mauʻu maloʻo, pepa, wahī ma lalo. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻokuʻu ka wahie mai nā kumulāʻau coniferous i nā mea pilau i kapa ʻia he phytoncides, hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā membrane mucous o ka ihu a me nā maka o nāʻiole. ʻO ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka uahi kūpikipiki i nā rodents e hoʻomohala i ka hōʻino o ke ake, a hōʻino ʻia ka pale. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ka wahī no ka uhi ʻana.
I mea e pale aku ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi lele, hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻia ke keʻena.
No kahi lumipaku, hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kahi ipu liʻiliʻi i ke kihi o ka pā. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kaʻina hana wai ke hoʻohauʻoli i nāʻiole nunui. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻo Rodents i ko lākou huluhulu i ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ke one. Mālama ʻia nā Mastomis i nā hui. Hoʻokele ʻia ka ʻohana e hoʻokahi kāne ma mua o 3-5 mau wahine. ʻO ʻoe wale nō, ʻaʻole e ola ka ʻiole nunui a kū i ka hānai ʻana.
Hānai ʻia nāʻiole nunui-nipple me nā ʻāpana o nā hua a me nā mea kanu. Hiki i ka papaʻai ke hoʻopili i:
- kāloti;
- ohia;
- maiʻa;
- broccoli;
- kāpiki.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kīʻaha inu me ka wai i loko o ka pā, kahi i pana ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa me ka wai hou.
ʻO Mastomis kahi mea hoihoi e nānā. He mau mea lawe lima, nīnau holoholona. Akā, e like me nā holoholona a pau, koi lākou i ka mālama, ka mālama a me ke kamaʻilio. Lilo lākou i mea hakakā a makaʻu hoʻi inā ʻaʻole lākou e launa pū me lākou.
Kūlana mālama o ka ʻiole nunui
Aia kekahi ʻano laha ʻole o Mastomys awashensis ma waena o nāʻiole polymax. Ua helu ʻia ʻo Vulnerable no ka mea he palena palena ʻo ia o ka hāʻawi a noho i kahi wahi ma lalo o 15,500 km2. Eia hou, ke emi nei ka maikaʻi o ka nohona, me ka emi o 10 mau wahi noho i kekahi mau wahi. Hoʻomaha loa ka pae, ʻoiai ma kekahi mau wahi neʻe ʻo Mastomys awashensis ma kahi ʻāina mahi. ʻO kēia ʻano laha i ke awāwa ʻo Rift Aitiopia, ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kahi ʻoki manuahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ke awāwa kiʻekiʻe o ka muliwai ʻo Avash. ʻO nā hālāwai āpau me Mastomys awashensis ʻike ʻia mai ke kahakai hikina o Lake Coca, ma ka National Park. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā nohona ma nā kapakai o Lake Zeway. Loaʻa nā rodents i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1500 mau mika ma luna o kaʻilikai. Ma ke kapa o ka muliwai ʻo Avash, noho ʻo Mastomys awashensis i nā ulu mauʻu kiʻekiʻe o ka akasia a me nā blackthorn a me ka ʻāina mahiʻai e pili ana.
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma kahi o nā wahi noho kanaka.
ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mahiʻai a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻāina no ka lūlū ʻana i nā mea kanu i mahi ʻia he mea hoʻoweliweli pololei i ka noho ʻana o nā laha. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka Awash National Park. Pono e mālama i nā wahi kūpono no kēia ʻano M. ʻokoʻa ka awashensis mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻelua M. erythroleucus a me M. natalensis i ka karyotype (32 chromosome), ke ʻano o ka chromosome Y, ke ʻano o nā genital genital, a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā unahi huelo. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano ʻekolu o ʻAitiopa e hōʻike ana i kahi hoʻolālā evolution mosaic.
ʻO nā hōʻailona e kū nei i nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa e aʻo ʻia i ka kikoʻī e nā luna ʻauhau. ʻOiai he nui nā ʻano like ʻole morphologically like ʻole i ka hui pū ʻana o nā huapalapala i hana ʻia i nā wahi hāmama i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e noho ana i nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa. ʻO ke awāwa, me kāna ʻōiwi rodent kūikawā, kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻāina ʻAitiopa me ka nui o ka faunal a me ka endemism. Aia ʻo Mastomys awashensis ma ka papa inoa ʻulaʻula o IUCN ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea aneane pau ʻole, ʻĀpana 2.
