Liʻiliʻi, lokomaikaʻi manu ʻūpā hahau me kona kūʻē i ka mea wai.
Lulu maʻalahi ʻo ia i loko o ka wai hau i -25 -40 kekelē, holo ʻeleu i ka lalo, e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai. Ke lele nei i ka ʻāina, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻokani i kahi mele mele, ʻoiai ʻaʻole puna ke ʻano.
He luʻu muliwai, he luʻu, he kakaikahi wale nō i ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia i ke alo o ke kanaka. A hoʻonohonoho ka manu mai kekahi i kekahi ma kahi mamao. Akā ke ʻike ʻoe i kēia manu kupaianaha, ʻaʻole ʻoe e huikau hou me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
E pili ana i ka dipper he nui wale na kaao. Kau ka poʻe ʻĀkau o ka ʻeheu o kahi manu liʻiliʻi ma luna o kahi moe o nā keiki. Manaʻo lākou e uku kēia talisman i nā keiki me ka hoʻomanawanui, ʻaʻole lākou e makaʻu i ke anuanu, ka wai a lilo i mau lawaiʻa maikaʻi loa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā wahi noho
ʻPerpuʻu pili i ke kauoha o passerines, i ka ʻohana Krapivnikov. Kāhea lākou iā ia manu liʻiliʻi wai aiʻole wai thrush. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manu ma mua o kahi thrush, me kahi huelo pōkole, ʻulaʻula nui, me kahi pālule keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i mua. Hinahina nā manu ʻōpio, me kahi ʻano scaly ʻeleʻele e kū mau ana ma ka hulu.
Nui ka nohona. ʻO kēia ʻo ʻEulopa, ʻApelika (Atlas Mountain), ka Carpathians, ka Caucasus. ʻO ka Urals, ke Kola Peninsula, Karelia a me South Siberia, ʻoiai nā hau nui, noho ʻia e kahi manu - he mea luʻu. A koho wau i ka Hikina Hikina kēpau ʻeleʻele... ʻOi aku ka nui ma mua o kahi kūpenu maʻamau, ʻeleʻele a pau, ʻaʻohe o ka pālule keʻokeʻo i mua o ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma.
ʻO ke kaʻina o nā passerines nui a lehulehu. Akā hoʻokahi wale nō mea kūpenu makaʻu ʻole i ka mea wai a luʻu maʻalahi i nā kahawai liʻiliʻi a me nā kahawai. A ʻaʻole wale no ka luʻu wale, akā holo wale nō ma lalo, e paʻa ana kona hanu no hoʻokahi minuke. I kēia manawa, hiki iā ia ke holo i 10-20 m ma lalo o ka muliwai me ka wai hau. E mū ana ia i kahi mika hohonu, a i kekahi manawa hou aku.
He maʻamau kēia hana nona. Kūʻaleʻa ʻo ia i ke kū i ke au, koho i ke kūlana kūpono. Loaʻa i kekahi i ka manaʻo e hulahula nei ka dipper i kahi hulahula ahi Sepania ma lalo o ka wai.
Ua kākau ʻo Vitaly Bianki e pili ana iā ia, ʻo ka dipper kahi "manu pupule". Ke hele nei me ka wikiwiki a me ka ʻoi kūpenu ma lalo o ka waie ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai. A lele ʻo ia iuka, ʻaʻohe ona makaʻu i ka hau a me ke anuanu. Me he mea lā i hana ʻole ʻia, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e lepo iā ia iho, lele a hum i kāna mele mele.
Ma lalo o ka muliwai, ʻimi ʻo ia i nā larvae dragonfly, nā ʻūlū muliwai, nā ʻelala make i hāʻule i loko o ka wai. Luu ka luʻu Dipper ma lalo o ka wai ma ka hoʻoilo, a emi pinepine i ke kauwela. Hiki ke wehewehe maʻalahi ʻia kēia.
Nui nā meaʻai i ke kauwela. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole ma kahakai, akā i ka hoʻoilo ʻokoʻa ka kūlana. ʻAʻohe meaʻai ma lalo o ka papa o ka hau, no laila luʻu kahi manu i loko o ka wai hau e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka dipper
ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o nā wahi noho, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka dipper ke ʻike aku. Makemake ʻo ia e noho mamao aku mai ke kanaka. Akā inā ʻike ʻo ia ʻaʻole hana ʻino ke kanaka iā ia, ua oki ʻo ia i ka makaʻu a noho wiwo ʻole ma kona ʻaoʻao.
Hōʻike maikaʻi ke kala o ka manu iā ia i ka lā kauwela. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi kuleana kūikawā ma kahi wahi keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma. E noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i nā kukuna o ka lā mehana, e lele ana mai kēlā wahi a kēia wahi. Ke nānā nei kiʻi paʻi, dipper me he mea lā he ʻōpelu lā ka lele i ka wai.
Noho pū nā manu i waena o lākou iho i kahi mamao loa. Kahi ponoʻī nohona dipper kiaʻi kiaʻi. Kipaku kolohe ke kāne i kahi hoahānau i holo ʻē i ka panalāʻau o haʻi. Lele i kēlā me kēia manawa a puni kāna mau waiwai.
Hoʻohui mua ʻia kēlā hoʻokūkū me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hana paʻakikī. Makemake ka dia i nā kahawai wikiwiki, ʻaʻole kau ma kahi kokoke i ka wai nāwaliwali a kūpikipiki. A ʻaʻole ʻo ia ʻike pehea e luʻu ai i kēlā wai.
Mea ʻai Dipper
Dipper kauwela loaʻa ka ʻai ma kapa wai. Lawe iki ʻo ia e luʻu, lele i ka pōhaku a i kekahi pōhaku, e ʻimi ana i nā kukū liʻiliʻi, nā larvae, nā kahawai kahawai. Mai hōʻino i nā kolo make i hāʻule i loko o ka wai. Ma muli o ka nui o ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻo ia i kona mau hiki ke ʻano he diver.
Akā ke hiki mai ka hoʻoilo, aia ka liʻiliʻi o ka meaʻai, no laila hoʻomaka ka mea hoʻopū e hoʻohana i kāna mau ʻano kupaianaha o ka mea luʻu. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ma ka lalo hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā larvae, nā nalo a me nā crustacean i hūnā ʻia ma lalo o nā pōhaku a ma lalo o ka muliwai.
No laila ke ola nei ia kūpenu i ka hoʻoilo... Luʻu wau, holo ma lalo, loaʻa kekahi mea. Lele ʻo ia i uka, ʻai i ka mea i loaʻa, whistles iki, hoʻomaha a luʻu hou i ka wai.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻomaka mua ke kau moʻo Ma Malaki i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā manu neʻe e hoʻi, hiki i kekahi ke lohe i kahi mea nani a mele mele dipper... ʻO kēia ka manawa e koho ai i kahi kāne, ka manawa o nā pāʻani mare. Lawe ʻia kahi pālua i kona wahi noho, ma kahi o 2-3 km mai kahi pālua ʻē aʻe.
Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, aia ka wahi ma kahi o ka wai. ʻO kēia kahi nohona nui no nā dippers.
Hana ka wahine a me ke kāne i ka hana o ka pūnana. ʻO ka maʻamau ma ke ʻano, me ke anawaena o 20 cm, a me kahi notch ākea me ke anawaena o 9 cm i waiho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao.
Mānoanoa nā paia, i ke anawaena, hiki ka pūnana i 40 cm. ʻAʻole kēia kahi pūnana liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka starling, 5 cm wale ke anawaena komo.
ʻO nā mea lau lau willow maloʻo maloʻo, limu, nā lau o ka mauʻu. Hūnā mau ʻia ka pūnana. ʻO nā wahi punahele kahi i noho ai ka pūnana he mau māwae i nā pōhaku e kau ana ma luna o ka wai.
Makemake nā dīpera i nā aʻa pohū o nā lāʻau e pili pono ana i ka wai. Hūnā pinepine ʻia ka pūnana mai ka poʻe a me kahi mea ʻaihue e kahi wailele liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau, he pali pōhaku kēia e kau ana ma luna o ka pūnana.
I ka mua o ʻApelila, kau ka dipper i mau hua he 4-5. Nui nā hua, keʻokeʻo. He mea rarity kēia i ka papa passerine. Hoʻopau ka hoʻoulu ʻana i 18-21 mau lā. Noho wale ka wahine ma luna o nā hua.
Hoʻokipa ke kāne i kāna ipo wahine me nā mele hoʻomākeʻaka, akā ʻaʻole poina e hānai iā ia. Akā hānai like lākou i nā moa. Hāʻawi ʻia nā lā he 20-25 no ka hānai ʻana i nā moa.
I ke kauwela, aia hoʻokahi puaʻa, kākaʻikahi ka lua. ʻO nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, ʻaʻole hiki ke lele, noho i kahi ʻohana hoaaloha kokoke i ko lākou mau mākua. Aʻo ʻia nā mākua e lele a loaʻa ka meaʻai. Ke kū nei ka ʻōpio ma ka ʻeheu, kipaku ka poʻe kahiko iā lākou mai ko lākou wahi noho.
Hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻōpio e pūnana i ka makahiki mua o ke ola. ʻO ka mea nui e ʻimi i kahi kūpono i ke ola kokoke i ka wai. A e hoʻomaka hou nā mea āpau, e hele āpau nā mea āpau. Noho ʻo Dippers ʻaʻole no ka lōʻihi, 5-6 mau makahiki wale nō. ʻO ke ola lōʻihi loa o kēia mau manu kupaianaha he 7 mau makahiki.
