Rhino Sumatera He holoholona kahiko nunui. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana ma kona wahi maoli, no ka mea kokoke ke luku ʻia ka laha. He paʻakikī loa ka helu kikoʻī no nā Zoologists e hoʻoholo, ʻoiai ke alakaʻi nei nā holoholona i kahi nohona huna, noho kaʻawale a ākea loa ko lākou wahi noho. ʻO kēia laha i manaʻo ʻia ka liʻiliʻi loa ma waena o nā mea āpau āpau ma ka honua, a ʻo ka mea hoʻokahi wale nō i ka honua nona nā pepeiaohao ʻelua.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Sumatran Rhino
He holoholona chordate ka rhino Sumatra. He lunamakaʻāinana ia o ka papa o nā mea mammal, ke kaʻina o nā kaulike, ka ʻohana rhinoceros, ka genus a me nā ʻano o nā rhinoceros Sumatera. Ua manaʻo ʻia he holoholona kahiko loa. Wahi a ka hopena o nā ʻepekema, ʻo ia nā ʻelele o kēia laha ke ʻano o nā pua hulu hipa i make ma kahi o 10 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i noho ma Eurasia holoʻokoʻa.
Video: ʻO Sumatran Rhino
ʻO ka mea i pili i kēia holoholona kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo Dicerorhinus. Unuhi ʻia mai ka Helene, ʻo ka inoa o ka inoa he ʻelua mau pepeiaohao. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā rhinoceros Sumatera mai nā kaulike ʻē aʻe i ka wā o ka Eocene mua. ʻO ka noiʻi ʻana o ka DNA o kēia holoholona i hōʻike ʻia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o nā kūpuna o ka holoholona mai nā kūpuna mamao o ka ʻohana equine ma kahi o 50 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
ʻIke hoihoi: ʻO nā mōʻalihaku kahiko loa na nā ʻelele o kēia ʻano e hōʻike ana aia nā holoholona he 17-24 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻepekema i kahi ʻae a ʻaʻole hiki ke kūkulu hou i kahi kiʻi piha o ka ulu ʻana o nā rhinoceros.
I kēia pili, nui nā manaʻo o ka ulu ʻana o nā holoholona. ʻLelo ka mea mua e pili ana i kahi pilina pili loa me nā ʻano rhino ʻApelika, kahi a lākou e loaʻa ai ka pepeiaohao pālua. ʻ sayslelo ka lua e pili ana i ka pilina me ka ʻInia, ka mea i hōʻoia ʻia e ke kuʻina o ka nohona o nā ʻano. ʻAʻole hōʻoia ke kolu o ke kumumanaʻo i kekahi o nā mea i hala a hoʻokumu ʻia i nā hopena o ka hoʻāʻo genetic. Kuhi ʻo ia he ʻokoʻa nā ʻano ma luna āpau a ʻaʻole pili i kekahi i kekahi.
Ma hope iho, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i kahi pilina pili loa ma waena o Sumatran a me nā rhino huluhulu. Ua kū mai lākou i ka wā o Pleistocene Luna a lilo loa i ka make ma kahi o 10 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Sumatran rhino i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO nā rhino Sumatran ka mea liʻiliʻi o nā rhino āpau ma ka honua. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka hiʻohiʻona: ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kino i ka mae ʻana i kēlā me kēia kanaka hiki ke mai 115 a 150 mau kenimika. Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻano rhino e ka hōʻike ʻia o dimorphism moekolohe. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, a ʻo ko lākou kino kaumaha ka liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 240 a 320 centimita. ʻO ke kino o ke kanaka makua hoʻokahi 900-2000 kilokilo. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kanaka waena he 1000-1300 kilogram.
ʻElua mau pepeiaohao o ka rhino Sumatra. ʻO ka pepeiaohao ihu a ihu paha i 15-30 kenimika ka lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pepeiaohao hope ma mua o ka pepeiaohao mua. ʻAʻole lōʻihi kona lōʻihi ma mua o 10 mau kenimika. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi a mānoanoa o nā pepeiaohao o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
Mea hoihoi: i ka mōʻaukala, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi kanaka me ka pepe ihu, ʻo kona lōʻihi i hiki aku ai i 81 kenimika. He moʻolelo paʻa loa kēia.
He ikaika ka kino o kahi rhinoceros, nui, voluminous loa. Hoʻohui ʻia me nā wāwae pōkole, mānoanoa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka manaʻo o ka palaualelo a me ka hiamoe. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia ma nā hihia āpau. Uhi ʻia ke kino o ka holoholona i nā pelu e kīkoʻo ana mai ka ʻāʻī a i nā ʻaoʻao a i nā lālā hope. I nā lunamakaʻā o kēia ʻano, ʻili iki ka haʻi ʻana o nā ʻili. Hiki i nā Rhinos ke loaʻa nā kala o ke kino i nā pae like ʻole o ko lākou ola. Hinahina nā mākua.
Hānau ʻeleʻele nā pēpē. Uhi ʻia ko lākou kino i ka lauoho lauoho ʻeleʻele manoanoa, e ʻōwili nei i ka wā e ulu ana a māmā. ʻO ke poʻo o kahi rhinoceros ka nui, elongated. Ma ke poʻo o ke poʻo he mau pepeiao lōihi, ma nā kihi o ia mea he "tassels" i kapa ʻia. Aia nā mea like like ma ka piko o ka huelo.
Ma hea e noho ai ka rhino Sumatra?
Kiʻi: Sumatran Rhinoceros mai ka Red Book
ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā rhino nui loa. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia lā ua emi ka helu o kēia mau holoholona i ka palena iki, a ua kahaiki loa ko lākou wahi noho. Hiki i nā holoholona ke loaʻa ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa, nā wahi pohopoho, nā wahi nahele ulu lāʻau pulu, a i ʻole ma nā kuahiwi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000 - 2500 mau mika ma luna o kaʻilikai. ʻOluʻolu loa lākou i nā wahi puʻu, kahi nui o ka wai, a he mea nui ia na lākou.
Nā ʻāpana ʻāina o nā rhinoceros Sumatera:
- Peninsula ʻo Malay;
- Sumatra;
- Kilimantana.
Wahi a kekahi poʻe akeakamai aia kahi heluna nui ma Burma. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana e hōʻoia a hōʻole paha i kēia kuhi. Makemake nā Rhino e ʻauʻau a ʻauʻau i nā wahi lepo. Makemake pū lākou i nā ululāʻau tropical me nā mea kanu haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ko lākou nohona holoʻokoʻa i mau ʻāpana, kēlā me kēia mea i kahi ʻokoʻa a i ʻole ʻelua paha. I kēia lā he kakaikahi nā rhino Sumatran i ko lākou wahi maoli. Mālama ʻia lākou ma ka Cincinnati Zoo o ʻAmelika ma Ohio, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Kerinsi Seblat, Gunung Loser.
He aha ka ʻai a ka rhino Sumatera?
Kiʻi: He mau rhinos Sumatera
ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai rhino nā mea kanu mea kanu. Pono kahi makua i 50-70 kilokika o nā greens i kēlā me kēia lā, ke kaukaʻi i ke kaumaha o ke kino. Hoʻoikaika nui kēia mau holoholona i ke kakahiaka, i ka wanaʻao, a i ʻole ka hopena o ka lā, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ahiahi, ke hele lākou i waho e ʻimi i ka meaʻai.
He aha ke kumu ʻai o nā rhinoceros Sumatera:
- wana ʻōpio;
- nā lālā o nā laʻalāʻau, nā kumu lāʻau;
- mauʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo;
- lau nahele;
- ʻili lāʻau;
- na anoano;
- manga;
- maiʻa;
- fiku.
Hiki i ka papaʻai o ka holoholona ke hoʻopili a hiki i ka 100 mauʻano o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hapa nui nā mea kanu euphorbia, madder, melastoma. Makemake nui ʻo Rhinos i nā lūlū ʻōpio o nā kumulāʻau like ʻole a me nā kumulāʻau, ke anawaena o 2 a 5 kenimika. Hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka lau nahele i kahi mea ʻono maikaʻi. No ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia, i kekahi manawa pono e hilinaʻi nā mea kanu lāʻau i ka lāʻau me kā lākou nui āpau i mea e kiʻi ai a ʻūlū i nā lau.
Ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano mea kanu no ke ola a me ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona i kekahi mau wahi i ulu i nā mea liʻiliʻi, hoʻololi paha nā holoholona i kā lākou papaʻai a neʻe paha i nā wahi ʻē aʻe e ʻimi i ka meaʻai. I mea e loaʻa maʻamau ai kēlā holoholona nui, pono ia i kahi nui o ka fiber a me ka protein.
Pono ka paʻakai no kēia mau holoholona. ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai i nā liko paʻakai a i ʻole nā kumu wai me kahi lawa o ka paʻakai. ʻAʻole ka wahi hope loa i ka papaʻai e paʻa ʻia e nā ʻano mea kanu e māʻona i ke kino o ka holoholona me nā minelala like ʻole.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Sumatran Rhino
Māhuahua ka noho kaʻawale o nā rhino Sumatra. ʻO ka pinepine, noho wale nā holoholona, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pālua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa pinepine i nā wahine makua me kā lākou ʻōpio. Ma ke kūlohelohe, ʻano maikaʻi a mālie hoʻi kēia mau lau nahele, ʻoiai hilahila loa a akahele hoʻi. Mai ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻole nā holoholona i nā maka.
ʻOiai kēia a me ka nui kupaianaha, he holoholona pāʻani a wikiwiki hoʻi lākou. Hiki iā lākou ke hele maʻalahi i waena o nā ululāʻau ulu, holo wikiwiki, neʻe ma waena o nā mauna a me nā wahi mauna, a ʻike hoʻi i ka ʻauʻau. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nohona o nā rhino i kekahi mau ʻāpana, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kēlā me kēia a i ʻole nā hui pālua. Hoʻomaopopo kēlā me kēia i kona panalāʻau me ke kōkua o ka excrement a me ka ʻānai ʻana i ka lepo me kāna mau hooves. Ma ka awelika, hiki i ka nohona o kekahi kāne i 40-50 mau mika kūlike. kilomita, a ʻo ka wahine ʻaʻole ma mua o 25.
I ka wā maloʻo, makemake nā holoholona e noho ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa, me ka hoʻomaka o ke kau ua piʻi lākou i nā kuahiwi. I ke ao, hana ʻole nā rhino. Makemake lākou e peʻe i ka ulu lāʻau. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ahiahi a ma mua o ka wanaʻao, ʻike ʻia ka hana nui a nā mea kanu lāʻau, ʻoiai ma kēia manawa o ka lā a lākou e hele ai e ʻimi i ka meaʻai. ʻO nā rhino Sumatran, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, makemake nui i ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ka lepo. Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke hoʻolilo i kahi hapakolu o ka lā i kēia kaʻina hana. Pale i ka ʻauʻau ʻōpala i ke kino o ka holoholona mai nā kolo a kōkua i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka wela o ke kauwela
ʻEli pinepine ʻo Rhinoceroses i nā lua no lākou iho no ka ʻauʻau lepo kokoke i nā wahi hoʻomaha. ʻAʻole hōʻike iki ʻo Rhinos i ka huhū i kā lākou ʻohana. Inā pono e pale aku i ko lākou ʻāina, hiki i kekahi manawa ke hakakā, nahu.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Sumatran Rhino Cub
Hoʻomaka ka wā ʻōpio i nā wahine i ka hōʻea ʻana i 5-7 mau makahiki. Ua makua kāne kekahi mau kāne ma hope iki - i ka makahiki 9-10. Hiki i hoʻokahi wahine oʻo kolohe ke hānau i ka nui o hoʻokahi keiki. ʻAʻole pinepine ka hānau hānau ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 4-6 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e mālama ʻia ka hana hou i nā ʻano kūlohelohe. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, kākaʻikahi lākou i ka hānau. I loko o ka mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa o ka noho ʻana, ua wehewehe wale ʻia kekahi mau hihia o ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki.
Hoʻomaka ka wahine e mākaukau e hoa hele e pīpī a puni kā lākou mimi me ko lākou huelo. Ke loaʻa i kāna kāne ke ʻala, ukali lākou i kāna ala. I kēia wā, hōʻike lākou i ka huhū a me ka huhū, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e hele i kā lākou ala. Ke hui pū kekahi o nā kāne ʻē aʻe, kani nui lākou. Hiki i nā holoholona ke honi kekahi i kekahi no ka manawa lōʻihi a hoʻopā i ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao me ko lākou mau kiwi. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā holoholona ke paʻi koʻikoʻi kekahi i kekahi.
He 15-16 mau mahina ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi pēpē hānau he 20-30 kilo. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mea mae i 65 centimika. ʻAʻohe pepeiaohao o ka pēpē; ma kahi o ia, he puʻupuʻu kona he 2-3 kenimika ka nui. Uhi piha ʻia ke keiki hānau hou me ka lauoho ʻeleʻele, kahi e hoʻomālamalama iki a ʻōwili ai i kona wā e ulu ana. He mea nui ia ua hānau ʻia nā pēpē ikaika loa a ma hope o ka hapalua hola hiki iā lākou ke kūpaʻa i ka wāwae. Ma hope o hoʻokahi hola a me ka hapalua, hiki iā ia ke holo.
Ma hope o ka heihei ʻana o ka pēpē rhino i mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka honua a puni ʻo ia, wikiwiki ʻo ia e lawa i ka waiū o kona makuahine. Hoʻomaka nā keiki bipi e ʻai i nā meaʻai mea kanu i hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. I hoʻokahi makahiki, piʻi ka rhino hānau hou i 400-500 kilogram. Me ka waiū o ka makuahine, hoʻomau ka hānai wahine i kāna keiki a hoʻokahi a me ka hapa makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka rhino Sumatra
Kiʻi: Rhino Sumatera liʻiliʻi
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoi loa o nā rhino Sumatran o nā mea āpau, ikaika loa lākou a me nā holoholona ikaika. Ma kēia mea, i kona wahi maoli, ʻaʻohe ona ʻenemi ma waena o nā ʻelele o ka honua holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hanana i ka wā o ka wī a me ka ʻilihune loa e hoʻokikina ai i nā mea ʻino ʻino ʻē aʻe e huli a hiki i kahi rhino.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā rhinoceros Sumatera:
- liona;
- tigers;
- nile a i ʻole nā crocodiles i hoʻomoʻa ʻia.
Hiki i nā mea ʻaihue kipi ke lanakila wale i kahi holoholona nāwaliwali i luhi a maʻi paha, a i ʻole inā he nui nā mea hōkū. ʻO nā pepelu kuni koko kekahi pilikia ʻē aʻe. ʻO lākou nā halihali a me nā ʻākena hoʻomohala o nā maʻi he nui.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā rhino e nā helminths, nāwaliwali ke kino. ʻO ka ʻenemi nui o ke kanaka ke kāne. ʻO kāna hana ia i alakaʻi ai i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo aia kēia ʻano ma ke kaʻe o ka luku loa. Hoʻomau ka poʻe hunts a me nā poacher i ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona i kēia lā me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i ko lākou noho mamao ʻana mai nā wahi kanaka, a me ka paʻakikī o kā lākou ʻimi.
Mai ka aneane ʻelua tausani mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hiki i kahi kauka Kina kaulana ke hōʻoia i ka hopena o ka pepeiaohao paukū e hoʻōla i ka ʻeha, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana, hoʻomake mau ka poʻe i nā holoholona.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Sumatran Rhino
I kēia lā, ua helu ʻia ka rhino Sumatra ma ka Red Book. Ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ke kūlana o nā mea hoʻoweliweli. Wahi a nā Zoologists ʻaʻohe mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua haneli o kēia mau holoholona i koe i ka honua i kēia lā. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia kūlana ka ʻaihue ʻana. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia e ka piʻi mau ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no nā ʻāpana kino holoholona.
Hoʻomaka lākou e pepehi i nā rhino ma muli o kona mau pepeiaohao. Ma hope iho, ua hoʻomaka ka waiwai o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kona kino, ʻoiai ua hāʻawi ʻia nā waiwai kupaianaha iā lākou. No ka laʻana, hilinaʻi paʻa loa ka Pākē ʻo ka pepeiaohao pauka hoʻonui i ka ikaika a hoʻolōʻihi i ka ʻōpio. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻiʻo holoholona i nā ʻāina he nui e like me ka mea maka no ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau e kūʻē i ka maʻi diarrhea, tuberculosis, a me nā maʻi infectious ʻē aʻe.
ʻIke hoihoi: Ua luku ʻia ka nui loa o nā holoholona i ke kenekulia i hala, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka poʻe e hoʻohana ikaika i nā pū. Ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele, waiwai ʻia ka pepeiaohao o kahi holoholona mai 45,000 a 60,000 USD.
Kūkākūkā nā Zoologists ʻo kekahi kumu no ka luku ʻia o nā lāhui ke mahiʻai ulu koke. Ma kēia mea, ua ʻumeʻume lākou i ka nui a me ka nui o nā panalāʻau a me nā wahi i noho maoli ʻia o nā rhinoceros Sumatera. Ua koi ʻia nā holoholona e ʻimi i nā ʻāina hou i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hale.
Hōʻike kēia i ka mamao loa o kēlā me kēia kanaka mai kēlā me kēia. Kūpilikiʻi ke kūlana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole hanau holoholona i nā hanana hana a hānau i nā keiki ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia ʻelima mau makahiki a hānau keiki ʻaʻole ma mua o hoʻokahi cub.
Ka mālama ʻana i nā Rhinos Sumatra
Kiʻi: Sumatran Rhinoceros mai ka Red Book
I mea e pale aku ai i nā holoholona mai ka nalowale piha ʻana o nā luna o nā wahi kahi e noho ai nā holoholona, i ka pae kau kānāwai, ua pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana iā lākou. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i kekahi mau ʻāina e ʻimi no ka rhino i pāpā ʻia, akā ʻae ʻia ka kālepa ʻana i nā meaola a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino o ka herbivore.
Mālama nā hui pono holoholona i nā hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo e pale aku i ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā holoholona. Paipai nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka wao nahele a me ke komo ʻana i loko o ka wahi maoli o ka rhino Sumatran. Ma ʻAmelika, mālama ʻia kekahi mau kānaka i nā pāka aupuni, akā aia ka pilikia i ka hānau ʻole ʻana o nā holoholona. ʻO nā hoʻāʻo ʻana a pau e loaʻa kahi paka no nā rhino a hana i nā kūlana kūpono no kā lākou hana hou ʻana ʻaʻole i lei ʻia me ka kūleʻa.
Kūkākūkā nā Zoologists inā ʻaʻole e hoʻāʻo ʻia e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka pilikia ma ka pae o nā luna, a laila hikiwawe loa ke nalowale loa o kēia ʻano. Kūkākūkā nā kānaka ʻepekema he mea pono e hoʻāʻo e kāpae i ke kālepa i nā meaola a me nā ʻāpana o ke kino o nā holoholona, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻohana iā lākou i ka ʻoihana lāʻau a me ka cosmetology. I kēia lā, nui nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e pani i nā ʻāpana o ke kino o ka rhinoceros me nā mea synthetic.
Rhino Sumatera - he holoholona laha ʻole akā hanohano a nani hoʻi. ʻIke iā ia i kēia lā i kāna wahi maoli a aneane kūpono ʻole, no ka mea, ʻo kahi poʻe i koe e noho nei kahi mamao loa mai nā wahi kanaka a me ka lāhui. ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai e hoʻāʻo e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia e nā ʻano loaʻa āpau.
Lā hoʻopuka: 05/03/2020
Lā hou: 20.02.2020 ma 23:28
