Lupe ʻulaʻula - predatory a me ka hakakā, akā manu kupaianaha a nani hoʻi. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano laha ʻole i ke ʻano. I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o nā kites i kekahi mau ʻāina, ua kau inoa ʻia nā ʻaelike no ko lākou pale ʻana. Ma ka panalāʻau o Rūsia ma 2016, ʻo kahi kālā me ke alo o 2 rubles i hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai iā ia. Hiki ke loaʻa ka lupe ʻulaʻula ma ko kāua ʻāina a ma ʻEulopa hoʻi. I ka lani, hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou e ko lākou ʻano uē nui ʻana. E kamaʻilio hou aʻe e pili ana i kahi manu e like me ka lupe ʻulaʻula.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
Lupe ʻulaʻula He manu lele nui i hiki ke "kau" maoli i ka lewa no ka manawa lōʻihi no ka ʻimi ʻana i kāna mea pio. Lele nā manu ma kahi kiʻekiʻe, no laila paʻakikī ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻohana hawk e hoʻokaʻawale me ka maka ʻōlohelohe. ʻO nā kānaka noiʻi a i ʻole nā kiaʻi manu e hiki ke kū i kēia hana.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka huaʻōlelo kite he kulu o ka inoa o ka manu, i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia e ka mea kākau Lūkini a me ka lāhui Vladimir Ivanovich Dal i ka makahiki 1882. ʻOiai ua kapa ʻo ia i kēia manu ʻo krachun. I ka hoʻomaka, ʻaʻohe ona inoa o ka hulu a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ʻai nahesa, ʻoiai he ʻano like ko lākou a me ka papaʻai. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua loaʻa ka inoa i ka lupe.
Ma ke ʻano laulā, ua loaʻa ka manu i ke kaulana a i ʻole ākea ākea i ka makahiki 17, i ka manawa i noho ka hapa nui o ka lupe ʻulaʻula i nā kūlanakauhale ʻEulopa. Nui ka ʻōpala ma nā alanui i kēlā manawa, ʻoiai ke aupuni holoʻokoʻa i nānā ʻole i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻemaʻe ka lupe ʻulaʻula i nā alanui, ʻoiai he mea maikaʻi maikaʻi ke kino no ia.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
Lupe ʻulaʻula - kahi manu o ka liʻiliʻi me ka ʻēheu o ka ʻēheu. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o kona kino ke hōʻea i 70-72 kenimika wale nō, a me ka lōʻihi o kekahi mau kenimika 190. ʻAʻole kau kaupaona ka manu i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kona ʻohana hawk - ma kahi o 1 kilo.
Mahalo i kona kino lokomaikaʻi, nā hulu elongated a me kahi huelo o ke kakaka, hiki i ka lupe ʻulaʻula ke hana i nā maneuvers kupaianaha ʻoiai e lele ana i ka lani. Hoʻokani wale ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka manu i ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ke "hoʻokele".
ʻO ka lupe ʻulaʻula ka hapanui o nā plumage ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i ke kino me nā mea longitudinal hina ma ka umauma. He keʻokeʻo nā hulu ʻeheu, ʻeleʻele a hina hina. Hinahina hina ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī i ke kala. He huelo lōʻihi ko ka manu, e pelu pinepine i ka lele ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa i nā maka o ka lupe ʻulaʻula ke ʻano melemele-ʻalani. Pena ʻia nā wāwae i melemele ʻōlinolino, no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka honua me ka maka o ke kanaka.
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka wahine a me ke kāne i ko lāua helehelena. Kapa ʻia kēia he dimorphism moekolohe. Eia kekahi, i nā moa i nā makahiki mua o ko lākou ola, ʻoi aku ka blur o ke kala. ʻO ke kala ʻeleʻele he ʻano kūʻokoʻa, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e like me ka haʻi ʻana e like me ka poʻe mākua o kēia laha.
Ma hea e noho ai ka lupe ʻulaʻula?
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
Hiki ke loaʻa ka lupe ʻulaʻula ma nā wahi pālahalaha a me nā puʻu. I kēia pili, makemake ka manu i nā kula nui kokoke i ka nahele deciduous a huikau paha. I ke koho ʻana i kona wahi noho, ua maʻa kēia ʻano i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pulu a i ʻole, i nā kūwāhi maloʻo.
Noho ka hapa nui o ka lūlū manu ʻulaʻula ma Central, ʻEulopa Hema a ma waho o ke kapakai o ʻApelika. I Rūsia, hiki ke loaʻa ka manu ʻaʻole pinepine. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēlā mau kanaka i kahi ma nā wahi ʻo Kaliningrad a i ʻole Pskov. A ʻo ʻEulopa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka lupe ʻulaʻula ma laila, ma kahi laʻana ma Scandinavia. Ma ʻApelika, loaʻa ia ma kahi kokoke i ka Strait o Gibraltar, ma nā mokupuni ʻo Canary a i ʻole Cape Verde.
Aia nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a me nā mea lawelawe. ʻO nā manu e noho ana ma Rūsia, Kuekene, Polani, Kelemānia, Ukraine, Belarus he neʻe lākou. I ka hoʻoilo, neʻe lākou i kahi kokoke i kahi wahi kai, i ka hema, i ke Kaiwaenahonua. ʻO nā līlū e noho ana i ka hema a i ʻole ke komohana hema i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo e noho ai i ko lākou mau pūnana.
He aha ka ʻai a ka lupe ʻula?
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
ʻOiai ʻo ka lupe ʻulaʻula e manaʻo ʻia he manu nui nui ia, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ke ʻano iā ia me ka huhū kūikawā. He kino lahilahi kona, akā ʻaʻole nui ka nui o nā mākala. Kuhi kēia mea ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā manu manu ʻio ʻio, e like me nā buzzards a i nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele.
Penei ka hana ʻimi holoholona. Lele ka lupe ʻulaʻula i ka lewa a "kau" ma ke ʻano maoli. A laila nānā pono ʻo ia no kāna mea pio, a i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai, hāʻule ʻoi ka mea ʻaihue i lalo a hoʻāʻo e lālau me kāna mau māiʻuʻu make ʻoi loa.
Makemake ka lupe ʻulaʻula e ʻai i nā māmele liʻiliʻi, e laʻa me ka ʻiole, ka vole. Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, makemake pū ka manu e ʻahaʻaina i nā moa liʻiliʻi, amphibians, nā mea kolo a me nā ʻenuhe. E like me kā mākou i hōʻike ai ma mua, ua hānai ka lupe ʻulaʻula i ke kino make, akā ʻoiai i kēia mau lā he nui nā kiaʻi manu e ʻike i ka manu i kēlā ʻaina ahiahi. Inā ʻike kēia ʻano i kahi kiʻi, e laʻa, e ʻai ana nā manu manu ʻē aʻe i kahi hipa make, no laila ke kali nei a lele aku i ka mea pio inā ʻaʻohe mea ola ʻē aʻe kokoke iā ia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
Lupe ʻulaʻula i kekahi manawa hana hoʻomāinoino i kāna mau hoahānau. Ke kamaʻilio nui nei mākou e pili ana i kēlā mau manu e neʻe i nā ʻāina mehana i ka wā hoʻoilo. E like me nā manu ʻē aʻe, pono lākou e noho i kahi hou a kūkulu i nā pūnana hou, akā ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā kānaka āpau kahi wahi no kēia wahi noho hou loa. Ma muli o nā kumu i luna, pono lākou i kekahi manawa e hakakā kekahi i kekahi.
Mea hoihoi: ʻIke pinepine ʻia ʻo ka lupe ʻulaʻula e kāhiko ana i kāna pūnana me kekahi mea ʻōlinolino, e like me nā ʻeke plastic a i ʻole nā ʻōpala shiny. Hana kēia manu āpau i mea e kaha ai i kona ʻāina.
ʻO ka lupe ʻulaʻula, e like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe āpau o ka genus o nā kites maoli, he manu palaualelo a palaka lākou. I ka lele ʻana, lohi loa ʻo ia, akā naʻe me kēia, i kona manawa kaʻawale, makemake ʻo ia e lōʻihi ma kahi mamao loa mai ka pae honua. He mea hoihoi e hoʻomaopopo e hiki i kahi manu ke lele i ka lewa no 15 mau minuke me ka ʻole o kahi pale o kona mau ʻeheu.
He ʻano ʻokoʻa ko kēia ʻano hawk. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi i kahi mea hele maʻa mau mai kahi mea hahai holoholona, no laila i nā manawa weliweli hiki i ka lupe ʻulaʻula ke hūnā maʻalahi mai kahi makaʻu hiki ʻole.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
Hoʻomaka ka hana hou ʻana o ka lupe ʻulaʻula, e like me nā manu he nui, i ka puna, i Malaki a ʻApelila paha. Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he monogamous, kekahi o nā kumu o ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia nō ka pili ʻana o ka lupe ʻulaʻula i kahi o ka noho, kahi āna i hānau ai. Pili nā manu i ke koho ʻana i kahi pūnana like me kā lākou hoa i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Hana maʻamau nā manu i kekahi ʻano moʻomeheu e kōkua ai e koho i kahi pālua. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka lupe ʻulaʻula. Lele ke kāne a me ka wahine i ka wikiwiki i kekahi i kekahi a i ka manawa hope loa huli lākou i ke ala. I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke wili no ka manawa lōʻihi, pili kekahi i kekahi, mai ka ʻaoʻao a manaʻo paha ʻoe he hakakā kēia.
Ma hope o nā pāʻani moena, hana nā mākua i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka pūnana, ke koho ʻana i nā lālā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i 12-20 mau mika. ʻO nā mea maloʻo, nā lālā maloʻo, mauʻu, a ʻelua mau lā ma mua o ke kau ʻana ua uhi ʻia me ka hulu hipa ma luna. I kekahi manawa koho lākou i kahi buzzard i haʻalele ʻia a i ka pūnana manu koraka. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi e hoʻohana like ʻia ke kumu i kēlā me kēia manawa.
Loaʻa i ka paʻa mai 1 a 4 mau hua, ke keʻokeʻo o kona mau keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻano o nā kiko ʻula. Hānai ʻia hoʻokahi keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia no 37-38 mau lā. ʻAneʻane i nā manawa āpau o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, ʻaʻole haʻalele ka wahine i ka pūnana, a loaʻa i ke kāne ka meaʻai nāna a nāna iho, a ma hope no nā keiki. A i ka hala ʻana o nā moa he 2 mau pule, a laila lele ka makuahine no ka meaʻai. Kupanaha ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole o nā moa i kekahi. Hoʻomaka e lele nā pēpē i nā lā he 48-60, a haʻalele loa i ko lākou mau mākua 2-3 mau pule ma hope o ka lele mua. A i kēia mau makahiki 2 i ko lākou ola hiki iā lākou ke hanau i kā lākou keiki iā lākou iho.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka lupe ʻulaʻula
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ʻo kēlā manu ikaika a mana ikaika hoʻi, he nui kona mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe e kumu i ka nui o nā pilikia kūpono ʻole no ka holomua holomua o ka lehulehu.
Ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka manu e kahi lupe ʻeleʻele, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kū mai o ko mākou hoa hakakā hulu e ʻimi nei i nā meaʻai like a lawe i kahi ākea, e pale ana iā ia mai ka noho mālie. E like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, makemake ka lupe ʻulaʻula e pūnana i ka ʻāina like, kahi e lele ai no kēia i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO ko lākou ʻenemi koʻikoʻi nui ke kāne. A ʻo ke kiko ma aneʻi ʻaʻole wale ma ka alualu ʻana i kēia manu nani, akā i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka maluhia ma kahi e maʻa mau ai nā manu. Make nā manu he nui ma nā laina hoʻoili uila kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokumu pū ʻia ka nui o nā ʻino e nā pūhui i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā insecticides, acaricides, defoliants, ʻo ia mau pūhui e hoʻopili pū me nā hui organophosphorus. ʻO kekahi mea hōʻino loa hoʻi nā pūhui chlorine-i loko, i hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me nā pesticides a hoʻohana pū ʻia me nā insecticides. ʻO kēia nā kemika pono i ka hoʻokele waiwai e kōkua i nā kānaka, akā i ka manawa like he mea make a make no nā holoholona he nui, e like me ka lupe ʻulaʻula.
Pēlā nō hoʻi, hoʻopōʻino ʻia nā paʻa manu e nā manu ʻaluʻā, nā martens a me nā wea, nā mea hoʻi e pale i ka mālama a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka lehulehu.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka heluna kanaka o ka lupe ʻulaʻula, a laila, minamina, ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi loa kāna helu. I kēia manawa helu ia mai 19 a i ka 37 tausani pālua. ʻOiai, ke kuleana nui o ia ʻano maʻi e noho ʻia e ka hana a kahi kanaka e kū pono me kahi pū e kali ana no kahi manu nani a kupaianaha hoʻi. ʻOiai, he aha ka mea e pūʻiwa ai, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana, hiki ʻole a ʻoi aku ka nani o ka manu, ʻo ka nui o ka makemake e hopu iā ia, pepehi iā ia, a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - e hana i kahi holoholona ukana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomanaʻo, e like me ka makemake o nā ʻimi ʻimi e ulu. Akā ʻaʻole pau ka pū ma laila.
Ke hoʻonui nei ka lehulehu o ka poʻe i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a me lākou e emi nei ka nohona maoli o ka lupe ʻula. Ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hana mahiʻai, paʻakikī i kēia mau manu e pūnana, no ka mea, maʻa lākou i kahi hoʻokahi. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kaumaha nā mea āpau, ma waena a komohana komohana o ʻEulopa, e piʻi nei nā mea a i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi iki ana nā heluna kanaka. Akā, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole lawa kēia, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ola me ka ʻole o ka pale a me ke kōkua o ke kanaka. A noho ka manu i kahi loulou koʻikoʻi i ka kaulahao meaʻai. Pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ikaika ʻaʻole e hōʻeha i nā lula o ke kūlohelohe, pili nā mea ola āpau, hiki i nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻeha ke nalo ke nalo o hoʻokahi ʻano.
Kiaʻi Kite ʻulaʻula
Kiʻi: Lupe ʻulaʻula
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka pale o ka lupe ʻulaʻula, a laila e hoʻomaopopo mua ʻaʻole ma nā wahi āpau ka heluna kanaka e hāʻule nui i ka helu. I kekahi mau wahi, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hōʻole, akā pono ʻo ia i ka pale pono a me ke kōkua kanaka.
E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma luna, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka laha e ka lupe ʻeleʻele, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu nui a koʻikoʻi hoʻi. Mālama ka lupe ʻulaʻula i kahi kūlana i loko o ka Red Book, e ʻōlelo nei ua ʻaneʻane hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka manu. Kapa ʻia ia ʻano laha ʻole, kahi e hāʻawi ʻia ai ke kōkua, e like me ka hopena o nā ʻaelike ma waena o kekahi mau ʻāina e pili ana i ka pale ʻana o nā manu neʻe, kaohi ʻana i nā hana mahiʻai, ka palena o ka ʻoki o ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka lupe ʻulaʻula, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka Red Book o ka Russian Federation, a me kahi ʻaelike kūwaho e pili ana i ka pale o kēia mau manu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waena o Russia a me India. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā manu i ka papa inoa o nā manu kakaikahi ma ka moku ʻo Baletika, Pākuʻi 2 o ka Bonn Convention, Pākuʻi 2 o ka Berne Convention, Pākuʻi 2 o CITES. Eia kekahi, i ka laulā, ua kāpae ʻia kekahi hana ʻino a ke kanaka i ka wā o ka pūnana o ka lupe ʻulaʻula. ʻO kēia a me kekahi mau hana ʻē aʻe e kōkua i ka lehulehu ʻaʻole ola wale nō, akā hoʻonui pū kekahi i kā lākou helu, no ka mea ʻo ia wale nō ka mea e hiki ke hoʻopakele i ka laha mai ka luku ʻia.
Lupe ʻulaʻula He manu kupaianaha a kū hoʻokahi ʻole ia. Hoʻomaʻohaʻo kona ʻano kino i nā mea noiʻi a pau o ka holoholona. He hoʻomanawanui kupaianaha kā ka manu a me ka hiki ke ʻimi holoholona maikaʻi loa, akā ʻoiai ʻo kēia, ke emi nei kona helu ma ke kūlohelohe. Pono mākou e mālama pono a nānā i ka heluna kanaka o kēia laha, ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina. Mai poina i nā mea āpau i ke kūlohelohe e pili ana.
Ka lā paʻi: 04/06/2020
Lā hou: 06.04.2020 ma 23:27
