Oatmeal - He manu liʻiliʻi kēia o ka ʻohana passerine, kū i waena o nā manu ʻē aʻe me ke kala melemele ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka umauma a me ke poʻo. Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ka manu a ua kūpono ʻia e ka ʻepekema Suetena kaulana ʻo Karl Linnaeus i ka waena o ke kenekulia 18.
Ma waena o nā ornithologists, ʻike ʻia ka bunting ma lalo o ka inoa Lākina "citrinella", ʻo ia hoʻi "lemon" ma Lūkia. E like me kāu e koho ai, ua ala aʻe kahi inoa ʻano ʻē ma muli o ke kala melemele o ka manu.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: ʻOatmeal
I loko nō naʻe o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manu i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻepekema ma 1758, ua ʻike ʻia ia mai ka wā kahiko. Ua loaʻa nā koena fossilized o kahi manu a me nā hua oatmeal ma Kelemania a hiki i ka 5th millennium BC.
ʻO ka ʻohana o passerines, ka mea e hoʻopili ana i ka bunting, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui loa o ka honua hulu. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻano pilikino ko ka manu e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai ka manu liʻiliʻi.
Video: ʻOatmeal
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka oatmeal penei:
- nā manu ma waena o 15-18 kenimika;
- ʻo ke kaupaona o kahi manu i kona wahi maoli ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 gram;
- ʻokoʻa ke kala o nā kāne a me nā wahine;
- ma ka umauma, ka auwae a me ke poʻo o ke oatmeal aia kahi nui o nā hulu melemele (i kekahi manawa gula);
- hiki ke hoʻololi i ka umauma o ka manu;
- He huelo lōʻihi ko Bunting (a i 5 kenimika), ʻaʻole ia he ʻano maʻamau no ka hapanui o nā passerines.
Piʻi ka manu i ʻelua manawa i ka makahiki. Aia ka pae mua o ka molting i ka puna. Uhi ʻia nā kāne me ka hulu melemele ʻōlinolino, pono e huki i nā wahine. ʻO ka mālamalama o ke kāne ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i wahine iā ia.
I ke kauwela (ma kahi o Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa), nalo ke kala ʻōlinolino a melemele ka hulu, aneane ʻeleʻele. I ke kau hoʻoilo, aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o ke kāne a me ka wahine, ʻoiai he ʻano like ko lākou kala.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka oatmeal
ʻO ka helehelena a me ka nui o nā puʻu e pili ana i nā mea pili i nā manu. I kēia lā, ʻokoʻa nā ʻepekema i nā ʻano nui he 6 oatmeal:
ʻOhe. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano manu ʻo ia ka noho ʻana a kūkulu ʻana i nā pūnana ma nā kapa o nā muliwai a me nā loko, a ua hoʻonui ʻia nā kapa i nā ʻohe a me nā ʻohe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia ka inoa o ka manu manu. ʻO ka hapanui o nā manawa, noho ʻo nā ʻohe i ka hema o ʻEulopa (Sepania, ʻItalia, Pokukala) a ma nā ʻāina ʻApelika e like me Algeria, Morocco a me Tunisia. A inā lele nā manu i ʻEulopa i ʻApelika no ka hoʻoilo, a laila noho nā kamaʻāina o ʻApelika i ko lākou ola āpau i kahi hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia iā lākou iho me nā lele lōʻihi.
Polar. Noho kēia ʻano oatmeal i nā wahi me nā anuanu anuanu. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Polar bunting ma waena o Siberia a me Mongolia. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ʻano manu e kona liʻiliʻi (a hiki i ka 12 kenimika) a me ka unpretentiousness i ka meaʻai. No ka hoʻoilo, lele nā puʻupuʻu polar i nā wahi hema o Kina a hoʻi i kā lākou mau wahi pūnana i ka hopena o ʻApelila a i ʻole Mei mua.
Mākala ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui o ka oatmeal. ʻO ke kaumaha o kahi manu e piʻi i 50 mau kenimika, a hiki i kona ana ke ʻoi aku i 20 gram. Manaʻo kekahi ʻepekema e noʻonoʻo i ka millet ma ke ʻano he manu ʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea kiaʻi manu e hoʻomau i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka millet ma ke ʻano he bunting. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o nā manu nā kāne a me nā wahine o ka millet ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ke kala. Noho kēia mau manu ma ka Teritori Krasnodar o Lūkia a me ka Rostov Region, a ma ka ʻākau hoʻi o ka ʻAinapuni ʻApelika.
Lā melemele. ʻO nā ʻano bunting wale nō e pūnana i nā ulu nahele o Siberia. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kona nui nui (kaupaona a 18 gram) a me kahi poʻo ʻeleʻele, kahi e kū ai nā kuʻemaka melemele. I ka hoʻoilo, lele nā lele melemele i India a i ʻole nā mokupuni pake mehana.
ʻO Remez. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano nomadic oatmeal. ʻO ka wahi pūnana nui no nā manu ka nahele o Scandinavia a me ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Lūkia, a no ka hoʻoilo lele ia i ʻAkia Hema. Lele kekahi manu o kēia ʻano e lele ma kahi o 5 tausani mau kilomita i ka mahina! ʻAno ʻokoʻa hoʻi ke kala o ka manu. He poʻoʻeleʻele ko Remez oatmeal a he ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo maikaʻi, e hoʻohālikelike me ke kala o ke koena o ka plumage.
Oatmeal maʻamau. Noho ma waena o ka ʻāina ʻo Eurasia, koe wale nō nā ʻāpana arctic a me nā pae mauna ma luna o hoʻokahi kilomita. ʻO ka mea kūikawā o kēia mau ʻāpana o nā buntings ka mea nomadic kūlana. E waiho wale, inā lele nā manu no ka hoʻoilo a i ʻole ʻaʻole kaukaʻi ʻia i kā lākou wahi kikoʻī.
ʻO kahi laʻana, lele nā puʻupuʻu e noho ana ma Rūsia i ka hoʻoilo ma Sepania a i ʻole nā ʻāina ʻApelika, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lele nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Crimea a me Sochi no ka hoʻoilo.
I kēia manawa ʻike maopopo ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka oatmeal. E nānā kāua i kahi e noho ai kēia manu.
Ma hea e noho ai ka oatmeal?
Kiʻi: Oatmeal ma Lūkia
Kūleʻa nā manu ma nā ʻāina āpau (koe naʻe ka Antarctica), akā ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e noho nei ma ʻEulopa, ka Russian Federation a me New Zealand.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: Aia a hala ʻelua mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻaʻohe oatmeal ma Nūhōlani. Lawe ʻia lākou, akā ʻaʻohe mea i manaʻo e hoʻonui koke nā manu. ʻO ke anuanu haʻahaʻa o Nūhōlani, ka nui o ka meaʻai a me ka wai a me ka nele loa o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe - nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o nā manu, ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā budgies a me nā finches.
ʻOiai ʻo nā kūlana kūlohelohe paʻakikī ʻaʻole ia he mea keʻakeʻa no kēia mau manu aloha ola. Ua lawa ia e ʻōlelo e noho lākou ma ka panalāʻau o ke Kola Peninsula, Denmark a me Pinilana, a kaulana kēia mau wahi a me nā ʻāina no nā hoʻoilo lōʻihi a me nā kauwela kau pōkole.
I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻoluʻolu loa nā manu ma nā mauna ʻo Caucasus a ma ka Teritori Krasnodar o Lūkia. ʻO nā mālama kūlohelohe he nui o nā Caucasus Mountains a me ke aniau mehana o ka ʻāina i kūpono no nā puʻu. Noho koke nā manu ma ke kuahiwi Caucasian holoʻokoʻa a hiki i nā kapuwai o Iran.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hohola wikiwiki ʻana o ka nohona manu e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo makaʻu ʻole nā puʻu i nā kānaka a hiki i ka pūnana ʻoiai ma kahi kokoke o nā alahao a me nā laina hoʻoili uila kiʻekiʻe.
He aha ka ʻai a ka oatmeal?
Kiʻi: Manu Manu
ʻAʻole picky loa ʻo Oatmeal i ka meaʻai. Hanai like lākou i ka nui o nā mea kanu o nā mea kanu a me nā hua o nā mea kanu ʻai.
ʻO ka pinepine, makemake nā manu:
- palaoa;
- ʻoka;
- barley;
- na anoano plantain;
- pea ʻōmaʻomaʻo;
- ʻupena;
- ululāʻau;
- yarrow;
- uliuli.
I mea e hōʻiliʻili pono ai i nā hua a me nā hua, he nuku pōkole akā ikaika ka oatmeal. No laila, ʻāwīwī loa ka manu i nā spikelets a ale i nā hua. I loko o ʻelua mau minuke wale nō, hiki i ka manu ke hoʻomanawanui i kahi spikelet o ka palaoa a ʻohi paha i nā hua plantain.
No nā mahina he nui i ka makahiki, pono ka oatmeal i ka hānai protein, a laila hoʻomaka ka manu e ʻimi i nā mea kolo. No ka hopu ʻana i nā mea kolo lele, ʻaʻole lawa ka wikiwiki o ka lele a me ka dexterity, a ʻo nā pepeke lepo wale nō kai hele i ka meaʻai. Lanakila maikaʻi ʻo Bunting i nā ʻūhini, nā mayflies, caddisflies, nā punawelewele waena, nā kihi wahie, nā ʻenuhe a me nā butterflies hakahaka.
ʻO ka pono o ka meaʻai protein ka mea pono no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua a me ka hānai ʻana i nā moa. No laila, hoʻomaka nā manu e hopu i nā mea kolo ma kahi o ka mahina ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua. No laila, hāʻawi lākou i ka ikaika o ka pūpū hua manu a hōʻoia i ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o nā embryos.
Ma hope o ka lele ʻana o nā manu ʻōpio mai ka pūnana mai, nalo ka pono no ka meaʻai protein a kū ka oatmeal i ka hopu ʻana i nā pepelu, ke hoʻololi hou nei i kahi papaʻai mea ʻai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Oatmeal ma kahi lālā
Kūleʻa ʻo Oatmeal ma nā kaʻe o nā ululāʻau nui, i nā wahi ākea e wehe ai, a ʻo nā ululāʻau hoʻi. Hiki ke loaʻa pinepine ka manu ma nā kahawai kahawai, ma nā alanui a ʻaʻole mamao loa mai nā laina uila. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka Oatmeal i ka mauʻu hohonu a i ʻole nā nāhelehele, kahi maʻalahi e hūnā, pūnana, a i ʻole ʻimi i ka meaʻai.
Manaʻo ʻo Oatmeal i ka lewa, hiki i nā lele lōʻihi a hiki ke piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe loa. Akā ma ka honua, ʻaʻole nalowale ka manu. Hiki ke neʻe wikiwiki i ka honua, hiki ke neʻe wikiwiki i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a maʻalahi i ka hopu ʻana i nā pepeke. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke ʻo Oatmeal i kahi kanaka a ʻaʻole nalowale loa i kāna alo. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki i nā manu ke lele i loko o nā kīhāpai, nā hale kauwela a ʻo nā kūlanakauhale hoʻi, inā kū mai kahi pono.
Hoʻolālā nā manu i ka hapa nui o ka lā e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai, a no laila ʻike pinepine ʻia nā pūpū i nā ulu lāʻau a i ka mauʻu kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole lele nā manu ʻo Buntings, hoʻolilo lākou i ka hapa nui o ka makahiki i ka pālua, akā e noho kokoke ana kekahi i kekahi, i kekahi manawa hoʻonohonoho i nā pūnana i kekahi mau mika kaawale.
Wale me ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ke koʻi, ʻākoakoa nā pīpī i nā pua o 40-50 manu a hele i nā ʻāina mehana. Hui pū nā Buntings i nā finches a huakaʻi lōʻihi me lākou.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: ʻo nā buntings kāne ka mea mua e haʻalele i ka wahi o ka pūnana, akā ʻo lākou ka hoʻi mua. Lele aku nā wahine ma hope o kekahi mau lā (a i kekahi mau pule) a ʻaʻole maopopo leʻa ka pili o kēia mea.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Bunting Yellow
He manu laha ʻole ʻo Buntings i hiki ke hana i ʻelua mau keiki i kēlā me kēia kau. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia e kahi manawa pōkole o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā hua manu a me ka wikiwiki o ka pīpī, i lilo koke i ka ʻēheu.
ʻO nā kāne ka mea i hoʻi mua i nā pūnaewele hoʻonohonoho, a hana pinepine kēia ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau mua. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule, hoʻi mai nā wahine a hoʻomaka ka pālua e hana. ʻAʻohe pilina paʻa o nā manu, a, ma ke ʻano he kumu, hoʻokumu nā buntings i mau pālua hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
I mea e hoʻowalewale ai i nā wahine, hoʻohana nā kāne ʻaʻole wale i nā plumage melemele mālamalama, akā nani nō hoʻi, ke mele nui ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ʻia ka pālua e ka hoʻomaka o Mei a hoʻomaka e kūkulu pū i kahi pūnana. Koho ʻia nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, nā laʻalāʻau a me nā ʻōpala o ka ʻāina i hoʻomehana maikaʻi ʻia e ka lā ma ke ʻano he wahi pūnana.
I loko o ka manawa o ka incubation a me ka oʻo ʻana o nā moa, alakaʻi ka buntings i kahi nohona huna loa a paʻakikī loa ke alualu ʻana iā lākou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lakohana kūikawā. Hoʻomoʻa nā moa i nā hua manu ma hope o ʻelua mau pule. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻōlohelohe, akā uhi ʻia me ka fluff, a lilo i hulu ma hope o kekahi mau pule.
Hana wale ke kāne i ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻohana, ʻoiai ka hapanui o ka manawa e noho ai ka wahine i ka pūnana. Aia i loko o kēia wā e ʻimi holoholona ai i nā pepeke a lawe iā lākou i ka pūnana. I ka manawa mua, hānai ke kāne i nā moa me nā meaʻai i hoʻoulu ʻia i ka goiter, akā ma hope o kekahi mau pule e lawe mai i ka mea pio a pau.
I loko o hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, kū nā moa ma ka ʻeheu a hoʻomaka iki e kiʻi i ka meaʻai na lākou iho. Me ke kali ʻole ʻana i nā moa e lele lele i waho o ka pūnana, hoʻomaka ke kāne a me ka wahine i nā pāʻani moena hou a hoʻomākaukau e hoʻoulu i ka lua o ka pua.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā pūpū
Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o ka oatmeal
Nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka manu. Ma nā kikoʻī, ʻo nā mea ʻānai e like me nā hawk, nā lupe, nā gyrfalcons a me nā pueo e ʻimi nei i ka bunting. Ma muli o ka wikiwiki ʻole o ka bunting i ka lewa, lilo ia i mea maʻalahi no nā mea ʻimi lele lewa. Mālama wale ʻia ka oatmeal e ke akahele, ka hiki ke hūnā i nā nāhelehele a me nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole piʻi kiʻekiʻe ka manu.
Ma ka honua, e moe ana ka porridge no nā mea weliweli ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o ka pūnana o ka manu ma kahi o hoʻokahi mika. A laila, hiki i nā ʻano predatorest terrestrial (me nā pōpoki kūloko) ke ʻahaʻaina maʻalahi i nā hua manu a i nā keiki keiki. ʻO ka pinepine, alualu nā ʻalopeke a me nā ʻino ʻino i nā pūnana bunting a ʻai i nā hua a me nā moa. Ma muli o kā lākou liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā manu ke pale i kēia i kēlā me kēia ʻano, ʻoiai ke hoʻāʻo nei ke kāne e pale i ka pūnaewele pūnana.
Hiki ke hōʻino ʻia nā meaola o kēia au i nā wahi mahiʻai. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ka palaoa i mālama ʻia me nā kemika, ʻona make nā manu a make ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i nā keiki.
ʻIke hoihoi: I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua lawe ka poʻe i ka nui o ka pōʻino i ka oatmeal. ʻO ka oatmeal i kālua ʻia i manaʻo ʻia he kīʻaha exotic a makemake nui ʻia i nā hale ʻaina he nui o ʻEulopa. ʻOiai he kaumaha iki ko ka manu, waiho ʻia i loko o kahi hīnaʻi i hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena pouli. I kahi kūlana o ke koʻikoʻi, hoʻomaka ka oatmeal e ʻai mau a i kekahi mau lā hoʻonui ia i kona kaumaha e 3-4 mau manawa.
A laila ua make ʻia ka manu i ka waina ʻulaʻula a hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kekahi manu palai e hiki ai i 200 euro!
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Manu Manu
ʻO ka helu kikoʻī o nā buntings ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia e nā ornithologists. Wahi a nā koho kolohe, aia ma kahi o 30 a 70 miliona mau kānaka i ka honua, no laila, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ka nalo ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i ka heluna o nā manu.
Akā i nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ua heleleʻi nui ka heluna o nā manu i kū i ʻAulopa. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā manu e hoʻohana ʻia no ka meaʻai. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma Palani, hopu pio ʻia nā manu āpau, a no kekahi mau makahiki i ka lālani oatmeal ma ka papa kuhikuhi o nā hale ʻaina alakaʻi āpau o ka ʻāina. Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, 50-60 tausani oatmeal e hoʻopau ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ke lohi nei kēia i ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kānaka holoʻokoʻa.
I ka makahiki 2010, ua ʻae ʻia kahi hoʻolaha kūikawā ma nā ʻāina ʻo EU, e like me ka mea i pāpā ʻia.
- hopu i ka oatmeal no ka momona a me ka pepehi ʻana ma hope;
- hōʻino i nā pūnana manu a hōʻiliʻili paha iā lākou no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana;
- kūʻai a kūʻai aku i nā manu;
- e hana i ka oatmeal mea hoʻokomo.
Ua hoʻēmi kēia mau ana i ka helu o nā puʻu i hopu ʻia, akā ʻaʻole i pale pono i nā manu. I kekahi mau panalāʻau o Palani, ua kākaʻikahi nā manu o kēia ʻano a kokoke loaʻa ʻole. Ma ka nui, ʻo nā wahi i noho ʻole ʻia o Siberia a me Mongolia kekahi o nā wahi liʻiliʻi kahi e palekana ai nā buntings a ʻaʻohe mea e alo akā nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe i hana ʻia e ke kūlohelohe.
Oatmeal he kala ʻālohilohi loa a ʻike ʻia e ke mele sonorous a me ka ʻoluʻolu. Hoʻohui ʻia, he pōmaikaʻi nui lākou ma ka hei ʻana i nā mea kolo weliweli a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano o nā mea kanu nāhelehele. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka ʻoatmeal ma ka home ma ke ʻano he melebird, a e hauʻoli ia iā ʻoe me kāna mele ʻana no kekahi mau makahiki.
Lā hoʻopuka: 08/06/2019
Lā hou: 09/28/2019 ma 22:26
