Beluga

Beluga He iʻa e ola ana i ka wai hou. He lālā ʻo ia o ka ʻohana Sturgeon a mahalo nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana mahiʻai iʻa. ʻO ka caviar o kēia ʻano iʻa ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea āpau ma ka mākeke honua. I kēia mau lā, ke emi wikiwiki nei ka heluna kanaka o beluga, a no laila ke ʻimi nei nā ʻepekema e aʻo pehea e hānau ai iʻa i nā ʻano hana. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka inoa o nā iʻa i unuhi ʻia mai ka Lākina me ka manaʻo he "puaʻa". Kūlike piha kēia inoa me ka iʻa, e hōʻike ana i kona ʻano, ke ʻano, ka nohona a me ka papaʻai.

Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe

Kiʻi: Beluga

Pili ʻo Beluga i nā holoholona chordate, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka papa o ka iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia, ke ʻoka o nā Stefgeon. No ka ʻohana Sturgeon ka iʻa, ka genus a me nā ʻano beluga. ʻO ia ka beluga iʻa iʻa nui loa o nā mea āpau ma ka honua. Hōʻike ka mōʻaukala i nā hihia inā paʻa maoli ka poʻe i nā kānaka nui loa. I kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, aia kahi ʻike i hopu ʻia i kēlā me kēia kanaka e kaupaona ana a i ʻelua mau tona.

Video: Beluga

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kākoʻo ʻia kēia ʻike e kekahi ʻike. I ke kaʻina hana o ka evolution a me ka heleleʻi o ka heluna kanaka, ua hōʻemi nui ka iʻa i ka nui. ʻO ka poʻe nui loa o kēia laha i hopu ʻia ma 1700 a me 1989. ʻO ko lākou kino kaupaona 800 a me 970 mau kilokilo.

ʻO ka ʻohana Sturate, me ka beluga, kahi iʻa aʻe: stellate Sturate, Sturate, Sterlet. Ua ʻike ʻia paha nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻohana i ka wā Eocene, ma kahi o 85-70 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Hōʻike ʻia kēia e nā ʻike archaeological i ʻike ʻia. ʻ suggestlelo nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo nā ʻelele kahiko loa o kēia ʻohana i noho ma ka honua honua ma kahi o 200 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i ka wā i hele ai nā dinosaur i ka honua.

ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ua ola ka iʻa i ko mākou manawa, hiki ke hana me ka ʻole o nā loli o waho. ʻO ko lākou kino, e like me ka wā ma mua, ua uhi ʻia me nā papa iwi, nā mea e pono ai i mea e ola ai i nā kūlana o ia manawa.

ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o kahi beluga

No ke ola kai nui ka iʻa. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe ma beluga, a ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻokoʻa a ke kāne a me ka wahine i waena o lākou. Hiki ke kaumaha o kona kino i ke tona, a ʻo kona lōʻihi ma kahi o ʻehā mau mika. Aia kekahi mau hōʻike i hōʻike he poʻe ʻike maka lākou i ka hopu ʻia ʻana o ka iʻa i ʻeono a ʻehiku mika ka lōʻihi. ʻO Beluga ka mea nona kahi kino nui, nui, nui.

ʻO ke poʻo o ke kino e kū i waho i kekahi ʻano like me ka puaʻa. Kūleʻa iki ka ʻaoʻao ihu, hoʻomanaʻo i ka pā puaʻa. Pālahalaha loa ka waha me he ʻano kīkī lā, kapili ʻia e nā lehelehe nunui. ʻAʻohe niho o ka beluga, koe wale nō ka palai. I ko lākou ulu a makua ʻana, nalowale lākou. Ma kahi o ka lehelehe luna, aia nā kaula i kau i lalo, a hiki i ka lehelehe lalo. Liʻiliʻi ka maka o ka beluga. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka hihiʻo, no laila ʻo ke ʻano ʻala loa o ke ʻala ka mea kuhikuhi nui. Uhi ʻia ke kino o ka iʻa me ka unahi, nā unahi rhomboid paʻakikī ʻaʻole e hoʻopili. Pena ʻia ke kino i ʻelua mau pale: hina ke kua me ka aniani brownish, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻōpū, kokoke keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ka waiū. Uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao hope me nā wili liʻiliʻi. Wahi a nā Zoologists he akepaʻa lōʻihi kēia ʻano iʻa. Ma muli o ko lākou nui, keu hoʻi nā kānaka nui e noho ana ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki.

Ma hea e noho ai ka beluga?

Kiʻi: Beluga i Lūkia

Noho wale ka iʻa Beluga i nā kino wai hou.

Nā ʻāpana o kahi noho beluga i nā kūlana kūlohelohe:

• Kai ʻEleʻele;
• Ke kai Caspian;
• Ke Kai Azov;
• Kai Adriatic.

I ka wā hoʻouluulu, ʻākoakoa ka iʻa ma ka waha o ka muliwai. ʻO ka lehulehu i kēia manawa e ʻākoakoa i ka Volga, Danube, Don, Dnieper, Dniester, Ural, Kura, Terek. Noho ka hapa nui o kēia mau ʻelele o nā flora kai a me nā holoholona i ke kai Caspian. I ka wā o ka spawning, ʻo ka nui o nā iʻa e ʻākoakoa ma ka muliwai Volga. Hiki ke loaʻa nā iʻa ma nā kahawai kokoke i ka Caspian. Ma mua, he mea mau no ka iʻa e piʻi i nā kahawai nui no nā tausani mau kilomita. I kēia lā, kaupalena ʻia ka nohona o kēia mau mea ʻaihue ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā mea kanu uila nui.

Ma mua, ua hoʻolaha nui nā poʻe beluga ma kahakai o Azerbaijan, Iran, Serbia, Romania, a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Kūkulu ʻia kahi elevator iʻa no ia ma ka ʻāina o ka Volgograd hydroelectric complex. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ka hana maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻopau lākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana ia mea, a ua pau ka iʻa i ka loaʻa ʻia i ka muliwai Volga i nā nui e like me ma mua. Hiki i kahi predator o kahi nui nui ke hāʻawi iā ia iho me ka meaʻai i ke kai ākea. ʻO nā wahi kahi e noho ai ʻo ia e pili i ka pilina o ka nohona, ʻoiai loaʻa ka beluga i nā wahi like ʻole.

Mea hoihoi: Inā no kekahi kumu e hoʻohaumia ʻia ka nohona iʻa, hōʻole ka wahine i ka hua ʻana, a hoʻoheheʻe wale nā ​​hua i loko o kona kino.

ʻAʻole mālama ʻo Belugas e alakaʻi i kahi nohona noho, passive lifestyle. ʻOiai kona nui kupaianaha, hoʻololi mau ia i kona wahi noho, makemake e iho i kahi hohonu hohonu i nā wahi me nā kahawai ikaika. Ma nā wahi e ʻike ai ʻo ia i ka nui o ka meaʻai. No ka hoʻomaha, koho ʻo ia i nā hoʻomaha ma lalo. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, ke hoʻomehana ʻia nā papa o luna o ka wai, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka beluga i loko o ia mau wai, a i ʻole ka hohonu pāpaʻu.

I kēia manawa ʻike ʻoe i kahi i loaʻa ai ka beluga. E nānā kāua i ka ʻai a kēia iʻa?

He aha ka ʻai a beluga?

Kiʻi: Beluga i ke kai

Pili ʻo Beluga i ka ola kai make. Hoʻomaka ʻo ia e alualu a loaʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka meaʻai nāna iho i ka wanaʻao. ʻO ke kumu meaʻai nui ka iʻa o nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā belugas karnivores, ʻokoʻa loa kā lākou papaʻai.
ʻO kaʻai Beluga:

• hānai manu;
• carp;
• gobies;
• bream;
• vobla;
• paʻa paʻa;
• ʻeleʻele;
• zander.

Ma waho aʻe o nā iʻa o nā ʻano like ʻole, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā crustacea, molluscs, ko lākou mau hoahānau, ʻaʻole i hiki i nā nui nui. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā sila pepe, ka moa wai. ʻO ka beluga fry wale nō e hānai ai i ka plankton moana, ka caviar o nā ʻano iʻa like ʻole, a me nā larvae. Ke ulu nei, loli ka papaʻai o ka beluga. Ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana i ke kai ākea, no ka manawa mua, hānai nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i nā crustacea a me nā molluscs. ʻO ka Cannibalism ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā holoholona ʻōpio.

Ke ulu a makua, hoʻololi iki lākou i ka papaʻai iʻa. I ka poʻe mākua, hana ka iʻa ma kahi o 95-97% o ka nui o ka papaʻai. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki i kekahi manawa ke neʻe i kahi mamao loa. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ke aniau, ke ʻano o ke aniau, a me ka wā spawning, hoʻoponopono iki ʻia ka papaʻai o nā mea neʻe

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona

Kiʻi: iʻa Beluga

Me ko lākou nui nui, hiki ke iʻa iʻa, maʻalahi i ka neʻe i kahi mamao. ʻO ka nohona nui ke kai, akā i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana, hele ka beluga i nā waha o nā muliwai nui.

Wahi a ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana, mahele ʻia nā belugas i ʻelua mau ʻāpana.

• punawai. Hele ka iʻa iʻa i nā kahawai i ka hapa mua o ka puna.
• hoʻoilo. ʻIke ʻia ka komo ʻana o ka iʻa i ka Volga i ka wā kau.

ʻO ka nui o ka iʻa hoʻoilo i ka nui, kahi e hibernates maoli ai i nā kaumaha ma lalo, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna e hoʻomaka koke lākou e ʻō. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lawaiʻa ʻana, hoʻi ka predator i kona wahi maoli - ke kai. Hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia iā ia iho i ka lewa, e hilinaʻi nei i kahi ʻano o ka pilau o ka hohono. Ke noho nei i loko o ke kai, alakaʻi ka beluga i kahi nohona kaʻawale, hūnā. I ka neʻe ʻana i nā kahawai, ʻākoakoa ia i nā hui lehulehu.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, komo ka beluga i kahi hohonu a moe i nā lua hohonu i lalo. Ke komo nei i loko o ka hibernation, kali ʻo ia i ke anuanu. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mehana a me ka puna, ala aʻe ka iʻa a hoʻomaka ka ʻōpū ʻana. I loko o kēia wā, makemake kekahi poʻe e hoʻololi i kā lākou hana maʻamau, ka nohona a me ka papaʻai. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hopena o ka wā hānau, hoʻi lākou i kā lākou ʻano maʻamau o ke ola.

ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou

Kiʻi: Iʻa beluga nui

I ka iʻa, hoʻomaka ka wā ʻōpio. Mākaukau nā wahine no ka hānau ʻana ma ka makahiki 15-17, a ʻo nā kāne i ka makahiki 12-14. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hana nā wahine i nā keiki a hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana iā lākou ke kaona o ke kino i makemake ʻia. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ma mua o 25 mau makahiki. ʻO nā wā ma waena o ka hānau ʻana he ʻelua a ʻehā mau makahiki paha.

I kona ola ʻana, hoʻomoe kēlā me kēia wahine i nā hua he 8-9 mau manawa. Hoʻomoe pinepine ʻo ia i nā hua ma lalo o ka one, a i ʻole ka ʻiliʻili. Ke hoʻouluulu ʻia nā hua, lilo lākou i palu, a laila hoʻopaʻa i ka kai. No ka ʻōnaehana maikaʻi, pono e kau i nā hua manu ma kahi e kahe wikiwiki ana a hāʻawi ʻia kahi komo mau o ka oxygen.

Mea hoihoi: I hoʻokahi manawa, hiki i kahi wahine makua moekolohe ke hoʻomoe ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona hua, a ʻo ka nui o ke kaumaha o nā hua i hoʻomoe ʻia ua aneane hapahā o kona kino kaumaha.

ʻO ka wā ʻōlapa i ke kakahiaka nui, ke ala aʻe ka belugas ma hope o ka hibernation. ʻO ka hoʻoulu mea kūwaho. Haʻahaʻa ka nui o ke ola, no ka mea, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hua e lilo i meaʻai no ke ola kai ʻē aʻe, a ʻai pinepine ʻia ka huaʻā hānau hou e nā mea hōkai. ʻO ka hua i hana ʻia mai nā hua manu he 5-7 kenimika ka nui. I ka wā mua, noho lākou i ka wai pāpaʻu, a i ʻole i nā wai papa i hoʻomehana ʻia e nā kukuna o ka lā, a laila ʻauʻau lākou e ʻimi kai. E ulu a palu a malo a hiki i ka makahiki ke hiki aku i kahi mika ka lōʻihi.

ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka beluga

Kiʻi: Beluga

Ma muli o ka nui a me ka nohona predatory, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi o ka beluga i kona wahi maoli. ʻAʻohe mea ʻaihue kai mākaʻi e alualu iā ia. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ka fry a me ka caviar, a lilo ia i kumu meaʻai no nā ola kai he nui. He mea nui ia ʻo ka beluga kekahi o kona mau ʻenemi nui. Pili kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka cannibalism ka mea maʻamau i waena o kēia laha o nā mea ʻaihue. ʻAi lākou i ko lākou ʻohana ponoʻī a me nā hua, a, eia hoʻi, i ka nui he nui.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻenemi nui a aneane wale nō nā ʻenemi o ka predator kai ke kāne. Ma mua ma nā wahi he nui, ma Volga hoʻi, i ka wā o ka spawning, 1.5-2 tausani mau tona o kēia iʻa waiwai i hopu ʻia. I nā wahi he nui i kēia lā e hānai ʻia ia no ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā ʻoihana, ʻoiai ʻo ka caviar i manaʻo ʻia he mea momona a maikaʻi loa. He ʻono maikaʻi kāna.

ʻOi aku ka nui o kāna ʻike calorie ma mua o ka ʻike calorie o ka iʻa iʻa iā ia iho. Nui ka waiwai o ka caviar Beluga i ka protein maoli, i hāʻawi i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili ʻōpio. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kūleʻa ka hānau ʻana i nā manawa a i nā nui. E pili ana i kēia, hoʻolaha ākea ka lawaiʻa i nā wahi he nui, keu hoʻi i ka wā spawning, ke ʻākoakoa nui nā iʻa i nā waha o ka muliwai.

Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano

Kiʻi: He aha ke ʻano o kahi beluga

I kēia lā ke emi mau nei ka nui o ka iʻa. ʻO ka emi wikiwiki o nā helu i kū i ka hoʻomaka mua o ke kenekulia 21. Ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Belugas i ke kūlana o kahi ʻano mea ʻaneʻane pau, a ua helu ʻia lākou i loko o ka Red Book o ka Russian Federation a me ka International Book Red. Hoʻomaopopo ka zoologist ma muli o ka emi mau ʻana o nā helu i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, pili pinepine nā mea ʻaihue me nā lunamaka o nā ʻano ola o ke kai.

I 1952, ma lalo o nā kūlana hana, ua hoʻomalu ka ʻepekema i kahi hybrid, i loaʻa ma muli o ke keʻa ʻana i kahi hybrid a me kahi sterlet a kapa ʻia ʻo Bester. ʻO kēia ʻano iʻa i hānai wale ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa i loko o nā waihona i hana ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka caviar ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka maikaʻi o nā predators purebred.

Aia ʻo Belugas ma ke kaʻe o ka make ma muli o ka hopena o ka wā ʻōpio. Kūkulu ʻia nā mea kanu uila Hydroelectric i nā wahi he nui kahi i maʻa ka iʻa i ka hoʻoulu no nā kenekulia, haumia ka wai me nā ʻano ʻōpala o nā ʻoihana, no ka hopena i pau ai ka lawaiʻa ʻana. ʻO kēia ʻano predator kahi hiʻohiʻona e pili ana ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hānau ʻana, make ka nui o nā wahine. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ia i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka.

Kiaʻi Beluga

Kiʻi: iʻa Beluga

Pāpā ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana o ka mea hōkai ma nā wahi o kona wahi maoli. No ka haki ʻana i kēia kānāwai, kū ka poʻe mea ʻai i ka hoʻopaʻi maoli i ka hale paʻahao. Hana kēia kānāwai ma ka ʻāina o nā mokuʻāina āpau kahi e noho ai ka beluga. He ʻokoʻa ka hoʻopaʻi ma nā ʻāina like ʻole: mai ka uku hoʻopaʻi ma ka pālākiō nui a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka waiwai i ka paʻahao no ʻelima mau makahiki.

I mea e mālama ai i kēia predator kupaianaha a hoʻonui i kāna helu, ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia nei nā kahu hānai i nā wahi he nui kahi e hoʻāʻo ai lākou e mālama a hānai i ka beluga. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hāʻawi kēlā mau hanana i nā hopena i makemake ʻia.

Eia nō naʻe, i nā wahi o ka nohona kūlohelohe o beluga, pāpā ʻia ia mea e hoʻohaumia ʻole i ka wai me nā ʻōpala o ka home a me nā ʻoihana, no ka mea ʻo ka haumia o nā wahi noho o nā mea neʻe e alakaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka hana hou ʻana, ka palena o ka wahi noho a me ka emi o ka lehulehu. I loko o ka wā spawning, pale ʻia nā wahi o ka hōʻuluʻulu o beluga e ka nānā ʻana o ka iʻa. Ua helu ʻia ka iʻa i loko o ka puke Red. I kēia lā, hiki ʻole ka lawaiʻa ʻana i kēlā me kēia pālākiō, a no laila ke waiho nei ka moemoeā o nā lawaiʻa amateur he nui i lilo ʻole ka manaʻolana e hopu ʻino iā ia.

Beluga He iʻa kupaianaha ia, kahi mea nui ʻole i ko mākou manawa. He caviar nui kona o ke kala hina hina, ʻaʻohe like me ka caviar ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano ʻono.

Lā paʻi: 07/27/2019

Lā hou: 30.09.2019 ma 20:51