ʻO kekahi o nā māmela kupaianaha loa ma ka honua tapir kākoʻo ʻeleʻele... ʻO nā Tapirs nā mea kanu lāʻau nui mai ke kauoha artiodactyl. Ua like lākou me he puaʻa lā i ko lākou helehelena, akā naʻe, he kumu ko lākou e like me ka ʻelepani. Aia kekahi kaao e pili ana i ka tapir a ka mea hana i hana ai i kēia mau holoholona mai nā ʻāpana i koe o nā kino o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, a he kumu maikaʻi kēia kaʻao.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Tapir kāʻei kua ʻeleʻele
ʻO ka moku ʻo Tapirus (tapir black-backed taped) no ke aupuni holoholona, ka chordate type, ka mammals papa, ke kaʻina kaulike kaulike, ka ʻohana tapir, ka genus tapir, ka ʻāpana tapir i kākoʻo ʻia ʻeleʻele. He holoholona kupaianaha ʻo Tapir. Ua noho nā kūpuna mua o nā tapir ma ko mākou honua he kanakolukū miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, akā naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka hana ʻana o nā tapir mai ko lākou mau kūpuna. ʻIke ʻia ma mua o ka wā Ice, noho nā tapir ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me Kina.
I kēia lā aia wale nō 3 mau ʻano tapir i koe:
- ʻO ka Tapir Mekiko (noho kēia ʻano i nā panalāʻau mai ka hema o Mekiko a i ʻEkuador);
- Palakila (noho i nā panalāʻau mai Paraguay a Colombia);
- Noho ʻo Mountain Tapir ma Colombia a me ʻEkuador. Uhi ʻia nā tapir mauna me ka huluhulu mānoanoa.
ʻO nā Tapirs e like me ka puaʻa a me kahi lio. Ua like nā wāwae o ka tapir me ko ka lio. Ma nā wāwae, ʻekolu mau manamana koʻi i nā wāwae hope, a ʻehā ma mua. A ma nā wāwae hoʻi kahi e kāhea aku ai e like me ka lio. He kino nui ko Tapirs, he poʻo liʻiliʻi kahi e neʻe ai kahi kumu neʻe. Hānau ʻia kēia mau holoholona i ke kala like me ka nohona o ko lākou mau kūpuna: hele nā kaula mālamalama i ke kua ʻeleʻele a kikoo ʻia mai ke poʻo a ka hiʻu.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka tapir kāʻei ʻeleʻele e ke kū ʻana o kahi wahi kukui nui ma ka ʻahu ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao. I ka makahiki 1919, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Georges Cuvier, ka paleontologist kaulana, ua ʻike ʻia nā holoholona nui āpau e ka ʻepekema, akā naʻe, i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai ua hoʻohui hou ʻo ia i kekahi holoholona kupaianaha i kāna hana ʻo "History History" - ka tapir.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Tapir ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka tapir kīleʻele ka mea nui i waena o ka ʻohana tapir. Ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 1.9 a 2.5 mika. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka holoholona ma kahi maloʻo mai 0.8 a 1 mika. Kaupaona ʻia kahi makua mai 245 a i 330 kg. Eia nō naʻe, ke kaupaona nei kekahi poʻe i ka hapalua o ke tona. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka tapir maka maka ʻeleʻele mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e kāna kiko keʻokeʻo nui ma ka hope, a iho pū hoʻi i nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO kaʻeleʻele o ka tapir heʻeleʻele a heʻeleʻele.
Aia kekahi palena keʻokeʻo ma nā wēlau o nā pepeiao. I ka wā hānau, he kala onionio kā nā keiki, a ma o 7 mau mahina wale nō e loli ai ke kala a hoʻokumu ʻia kahi noho-keʻokeʻo nui ma luna o ke kapa. Pōkole ka lauoho o kēia ʻano. ʻ roughpala a mānoanoa ka ʻili. Ma ka piko a me ke poʻo, pili paʻa ka ʻili, pale kēia i ka tapir mai ka ʻeha.
Video: Tapir kāʻei kua ʻeleʻele
He holoholona nui ka tapir me nā hoves nui e like me ka lio. Kūpilikiʻi ke ala, akā neʻe wikiwiki nā tapirs. Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo i ke poʻo aia he mau pepeiao liʻiliʻi a me kahi kumu loli nui. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumu e ka lehelehe luna a me ka ihu.
Liʻiliʻi ka maka o ka holoholona, oval. Nui nā kānaka o kēia laha i loaʻa i kahi maʻi e like me ka opio ʻole o ke kole, no laila ʻo ka hapanui o nā tapir kahi ʻike maka maikaʻi ʻole. Eia naʻe, offset kēia e kahi ala o ka pilau a me ka hoʻopā maikaʻi loa. He huelo liʻiliʻi kā ka tapir. ʻO nā wāwae o ka holoholona he ʻano like me ka lio, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka pōkole.
Ma hea e noho ai ka tapir kāʻei kua?
Kiʻi: Tapir kākoʻo ʻeleʻele i Thailand
I ka wao nahele, noho nā tapir ma Hikina Hema Asia, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha ma nā kiko waena a me ka hema o Thailand, ma Malaysia, Miami, a ma ka mokupuni ʻo Sumatra hoʻi. I nā helu liʻiliʻi, hiki ke loaʻa i kēia mau holoholona i nā ululāʻau tropical i ka hema o Kambodila a me Vietnam. Noho ʻo Tapirs i loko o nā ululāʻau, nāhelehele.
Koho lākou i nā wahi kahi nui loa nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke peʻe mai nā maka o nā mea ʻaihue. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu nui ke koho ʻana i kahi nohona ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi waihona wai. He poʻe ʻauʻau maikaʻi ʻo Tapirs a lilo ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i ka wai; ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻomanawanui i ka wela a noho i ka hapa nui o ka lā i loko o kahi waihona wai. Ke ʻauʻau ʻana, hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau holoholona e nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i ka lauoho o ka holoholona mai nā parasites like ʻole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: Ma waena o nā tapir i kākoʻo ʻia i ka ʻeleʻele, he mau kānaka ʻeleʻele pinepine pinepine, nā melanist i kapa ʻia. Ma waho o ke kala, ʻaʻohe mea ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kēia laha. ʻO ke ola o nā tapir ma kahi o 30 mau makahiki.
Hoaʻo nā holoholona ʻaʻole e hele i ka pāpū a wehe i nā wahi no ka mea he nui loa ko lākou poʻe ʻenemi me ka nui o kā lākou nui. ʻO nā Tigers a me nā liona, nā anacondas a me nā mea ʻino he nui ʻē aʻe e moemoeā i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo tapir. No laila, alakaʻi nā tapir i kahi nohona malū, auwana ma waena o ka ululāʻau i ka nui o ka pō, i ka pō e lilo ko lākou kala i ʻano huna, ʻoiai i ka pōʻeleʻele ʻaʻole hiki i kahi mea ʻino ke wehewehe i nā ʻaoʻao o kahi holoholona e ʻike wale ana i kahi kiko keʻokeʻo, ʻo kahi hoʻopunipuni ʻike maka e hoʻopakele i nā tapir mai nā mea ʻaihue.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i kahi e noho ai ka tapir kākoʻo ʻeleʻele. E ʻike kāua i kāna ʻai.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka tapir kākoʻo ʻeleʻele?
Kiʻi: Tapir ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia mai ka puke Red
ʻO nā Tapirs nā mea kanu lāʻau.
ʻO ka papaʻai tapir nā:
- nā lau o nā mea kanu like ʻole;
- nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu;
- hua hua;
- nā lālā a me nā lālā o nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi;
- limu, ʻalalā a me nā lichens;
- nā mea kanu a me nā limu.
ʻO ka mea nui, makemake nā tapir i ka paʻakai, ʻohiʻohi pinepine ʻia i loko o ko lākou kino, hiki i nā tapirs ke huakaʻi i kahi mamao loa e ʻimi ai i kēia mea ʻono. Pono lākou e ʻai i ka paʻakai a me ka pālolo, ʻo kēia mau mea waiwai ke kumu maikaʻi loa o nā mea e pili pono ai. ʻOiai ʻo ka tapir i loko o ka wai, huki lākou i ka limu me kā lākou kumu, ʻai i ka plankton, huki i nā lālā mai nā kumu wai i hālana ʻia. He lako maikaʻi loa ka tapir no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai - ke kumu. Me kāna kumu, ʻohi ʻo tapir i nā lau a me nā hua mai nā kumu lāʻau a waiho i loko o kā lākou waha.
ʻOiai ko lākou kūwaho kūwaho, he holoholona paʻakikī nā tapir a i ka wā maloʻo hiki iā lākou ke hele mamao loa i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. I kekahi mau wahi, hiki i kēia mau holoholona nani a mālie hoʻi ke hoʻopōʻino nui. Hiki i nā Tapirs ke hehi a ʻai i nā lau a me nā lālā ma nā mea kanu kahi e ulu ai nā kumulāʻau kokoleka, a he hapa kekahi o kēia mau holoholona i ke kō, manga a me nā melon, a hiki ke hōʻeha i nā māla o kēia mau mea kanu. I ka paʻa pio, hānai ʻia nā tapir i ka meaʻai like me nā puaʻa. Nui ka makemake o Tapirs i ka ʻai ʻana i ka berena a me nā mea ʻono like ʻole. Hiki ke ʻai i ka ʻoka, ka palaoa, a me nā hua palaoa a me nā mea kanu like ʻole.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Tapir kāʻei kua ʻeleʻele
I ka nahelehele, he holoholona hūnā loa nā tapir, he pō lākou i ka pō. I ke ao, noho mau kēia mau holoholona i ka wai i ka lā holoʻokoʻa. Ma laila lākou e peʻe ai mai nā mea hōkai a me ka lā wela. A ʻaʻohe kūpikipiki hoʻi kēia mau holoholona i ka ʻauʻau ʻana i ka palolo, hoʻomaha kēia iā lākou i nā parasites e noho ana i kā lākou huluhulu, a hauʻoli nui i nā holoholona. ʻAʻau maikaʻi ʻo Tapirs, me ka loko o ka wai, hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai ma aneʻi. ʻIke i ka weliweli, hiki i ka tapir ke luʻu i loko o ka wai a ʻike ʻole ʻia ma ka ʻili no kekahi manawa.
I ka pō, holoholo nā tapir i ka nahele e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai. ʻIke maikaʻi ʻole kēia mau holoholona, akā uku ʻia ka ʻike maka maikaʻi ʻole e ke ʻano o ka honi a me ka hoʻopā ʻana, i ka pōʻeleʻele alakaʻi ʻia lākou e nā kani a me nā pilau. Hilahila loa ʻo Tapirs, ke lohe nei i kahi nalu a manaʻo paha e hiki i kahi holoholona ke ʻimi no ia, holo wikiwiki loa. I ke ao, hoʻāʻo lākou ʻaʻole e waiho i nā mānoanoa a i ʻole ka wai, i mea e lilo ʻole ai i mea ʻaihue.
Alakaʻi ʻo Tapirs i kahi nohona mehameha, ʻo ka mea ʻokoʻa wale nō i ka wā o ka moena, ke hui ka kāne me ka wahine e hānau a hānai keiki. I nā manawa ʻē aʻe, hana kolohe nā holoholona i ko lākou mau hoahānau, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia lākou i ko lākou panalāʻau, ʻoiai i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana, neʻe like nā tapirs a i ʻole nā pālua mai kahi kāne a wahine. E launa pū kekahi me kekahi, hana nā tapir i nā kani kani e like me ke ʻaʻa. Ke ʻike nei i kona ʻohana pili iā ia, e hoʻāʻo ka tapir i nā ala āpau e kipaku iā ia mai kāna ʻāina.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: hoʻomohala manaʻo ʻia nā tapir ma kahi pā me ka puaʻa kūloko. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka nāhelehele, hana kolohe kēia mau holoholona, wikiwiki lākou i ke ola i ka pio ʻana, hoʻomaka e hoʻolohe i ka poʻe a hoʻomaopopo iā lākou.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Tapir Cub i kākoʻo ʻeleʻele
Hāʻule ke kau moʻa no nā tapirs i ka hopena o ka puna, ʻo ka hapa nui ma ka hopena o ʻApelila - Mei. Akā i kekahi manawa aia nō i Iune. I ke pio ʻana, mākaukau nā tapir e hānau i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. Ma mua o ka male ʻana, he pāʻani pāʻani maoli kā ka tapir: kani leo nui nā holoholona, i kēia mau kani, hiki i nā wahine ke loaʻa he kāne i loko o nā ululāʻau ululāʻau, a he kāne no ka wahine. I ka wā moena, hū nā holoholona, nahu kekahi i kekahi, a kani leo nui.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka male ʻana e ka wahine. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i ka wahine he wā lōʻihi loa ia a hala nā lā 410. ʻO ke kumu, hānau wale nā tapir i hoʻokahi cub, hanau iki ʻia nā māhoe. Mālama ka wahine i ka cub, hānai ʻo ia iā ia a pale iā ia mai nā pilikia.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, noho ka cub ma kahi puʻuhonua no kekahi manawa, akā i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi pule, hoʻomaka ka cub e hele wāwae me kona makuahine. Loaʻa i nā tapir liʻiliʻi kahi kala onionio pale e hoʻololi i ka manawa. No nā mahina ʻeono mua, hānai ka wahine i ka cub me ka waiū; i ka holo ʻana o ka manawa, kuapo ka cub e kanu i nā meaʻai, e hoʻomaka ana me nā lau nahele, nā hua a me ka mauʻu palupalu. Piʻi koke nā ʻōpala o ka pīpī a i ka piha ʻana o nā makahiki ʻeono i lilo ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i ka nui o kahi mākua. Mākaukau ʻo Tapirs no ka hānau ʻana i ka makahiki o 3-4 mau makahiki.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā tapir i kākoʻo ʻeleʻele
Kiʻi: Tapir ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia i ke kūlohelohe
Nui nā ʻenemi o kēia mau holoholona uʻi i ka nāhelehele. ʻO nāʻenemi nui o nā tapir:
- cougars;
- jaguars a me nā tigika;
- ʻōpala;
- nahesa Anaconda;
- poʻe caimans.
Hūnā ʻo Tapirs i ka wai mai nā mea hōkai nui o ka ʻohana feline, ʻoiai ʻaʻole makemake kēia mau holoholona i ka wai. Akā i ka wai o nā tapir, ke kali nei kekahi pilikia ʻē aʻe - he mau crocodiles a me nā anacondas kēia. Wikiwiki a maikaʻi ʻo Crocodiles i ka hopu holoholona ʻana i ka wai, a paʻakikī i ka tapir ke pakele mai kēia mau mea ʻaihue mai.
Akā ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o nā piʻina he kāne ia. ʻO ia ka poʻe nāna e kua i nā ululāʻau kahi e noho ai nā tapir. ʻAʻohe o kēia mau holoholona ʻilihune e noho ai, no ka mea, ma nā wahi ākea, lilo koke lākou i mea pio na ka poʻe ʻaihue, a ʻo ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ululāʻau, hoʻonele ke kanaka i kēia mau holoholona i ka mea nui - ka meaʻai. A ma nā wahi he nui i luku ʻia nā tapir e ka poʻe i mea e mālama ai i ka ʻohi.
ʻIke ʻia e hōʻeha kēia mau holoholona i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu o nā hua a me nā kumu aila, no laila kipaku nā kānaka i nā tapir inā ʻike lākou e noho nei kēia mau holoholona ma kahi kokoke i nā mea kanu. ʻOiai i kēia manawa pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana i nā tapir, hoʻomau ʻia ka luku ʻia ʻana o kēia mau holoholona no ka mea he mea ʻono maoli kaʻiʻo tapir, a hana ʻia nā aʻa a me nā huipa mai ka ʻili paʻa o ka holoholona. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma muli o ke kanaka, ua emi nui ka heluna o ka poʻe tapir, a aia kēia ʻano kokoke i ka make.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: He paʻa tapir i kākoʻo ʻia ʻeleʻele
Ma muli o ka mea e pili ana i 50% o nā ululāʻau ma nā wahi o nā tapirs i kua ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, a ʻo nā ululāʻau e ola nei ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i nā tapir, ua emi nui ka nui o nā holoholona. Ma nā wahi e noho ai kēia mau holoholona, 10% wale nō o nā ululāʻau i koe, kahi kūpono i nā tapir. Eia kekahi, hoʻomāinoino pinepine ʻia nā holoholona e nā kānaka no ka hōʻino ʻana a me ka luku ʻana i nā mea kanu. Pepehi pinepine ʻia nā holoholona a ʻeha hoʻi me ka hōʻeha ʻole ke makemake lākou e kipaku iā lākou mai nā māla mahi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Inā komo kahi tapir i nā mahiʻai a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i pale ʻia e nā ʻīlio, ke hoʻouka nā ʻīlio, ʻaʻole holo nā tapir, akā hōʻike i ka huhū. Inā kihi ʻia ka tapir e nā ʻīlio, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaka i ke nahu a me ka hoʻouka ʻana. Eia hou, ʻo ka tapir, ke ʻike nei i ka makaʻu, hiki ke hoʻouka i ke kanaka.
I kēia lā, ua helu ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻo Tapirus i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka Tapir ʻeleʻele i kākau ʻia i loko o ka puke Red a he kūlana no ka lāhui ʻaneʻane pau. Ua pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana i nā holoholona o kēia ʻano e ke kānāwai, eia naʻe, pau nā nui o nā tapir i ka luku ʻia e ka poʻe mākaʻi holoholona. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka Tapirs i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana, ke koi ʻia lākou e hele i nā wahi ākea.
Inā kū ʻole ka poʻe i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ululāʻau a me ka hopu holoholona tapir, e pau koke ana kēia mau holoholona. Noho ka hapa nui o nā tapir i nā mālama mālama pale ʻia, akā ulu iki kēia mau holoholona. He mea paʻakikī loa ke alualu ʻana i ka helu kikoʻī o nā tapir ma ka nāhelehele ma muli o ka ʻike o nā holoholona i ka pō a me ka hūnā. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i nā tapir ke neʻe mai ko lākou wahi noho maʻamau i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, a he mea paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo i ko lākou wahi hou.
Ka palekana o nā tapir i kākoʻo ʻia ʻeleʻele
Kiʻi: Tapir ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia mai ka puke Red
ʻO ka ulu lāʻau o nā ululāʻau tropical, kahi e noho ai nā tapirs, ke lilo nei i mea hoʻoweliweli i ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano. No ka mālama ʻana i ka heluna lehulehu o ka poʻe tapir ma Nicaragua, Thailand a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe he nui, pāpā ʻia ʻia e nā kānāwai ke ʻāpana tapir. Hoʻopili nā pūʻali koa e hakakā me nā mea ʻaihue. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mālama kahi e ola ai kēia mau holoholona a hānau pono hoʻi. ʻO kēia ʻo Nicaragua National Park, kahi e hānai ʻia ai nā tapir. Eia kekahi ma Nicaragua kahi mālama kūlohelohe ma ke kapakai ʻo Caribbean, kahi e uhi ana i kahi ʻaneʻane he 700 hectare.
Noho ʻo Tapirs ma ke keʻena holoholona ulu waena o Surima e hoʻopuni ana ma kahi o 16,000 mau kilomika kilomika o ka ululāʻau kokoke i ka Caribbean, Brownsburg National Park. A i nā mālama mālama ʻē aʻe. Ma laila, ʻoluʻolu nā holoholona a lawe mai i keiki. Hoʻohui ʻia, hānai ʻia nā tapir i nā zoo ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻoiai i ko mākou ʻāina, noho kekahi mau tapir ma ka Zoo ʻo Moscow.
I ka noho pio ʻana, ʻoluʻolu lākou, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke i ka poʻe a ʻae iā lākou e nānā ʻia. Akā, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia mau ana, he mea nui e hōʻoki i ka nāhelehele i nā wahi noho o kēia mau holoholona. Inā ʻole, e make wale nā tapirs ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia. E mālama pū kākou i ke kūlohelohe, e makaʻala me nā holoholona a me nā ʻano noho o lākou. Pono e hana hou i nā mālama, nā pāka i nā wahi noho o kēia mau holoholona a hana i nā kūlana no ke ola o nā holoholona.
Tapir kākoʻo ʻeleʻele maluhia loa a holoholona hūnā. I ka nahele hihiu, pono mau kēia mau mea ʻilihuna e hūnā mau mai nā mea ʻaihue a me nā poʻe hahai holoholona. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o nā holoholona he paʻakikī loa ke alualu ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā holoholona he aneane hiki ʻole ke alualu i lalo i ka nāhelehele. ʻAʻoleʻike iki ʻia e pili ana i kēia mau holoholona kahiko e ka ʻepekema o kēia au, a hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻano o kēia mau tapir mai nā poʻe pio. ʻIke ʻia ʻoiai ʻo nā tapir hihiu, ka palekana, e hoʻōki i ka hana kolohe a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia e nā kānaka.
Lā paʻi: 21.07.2019
Lā hou: 09/29/2019 ma 18:29
