He iʻa vomer - nā ʻelele kupaianaha o ka genus fin-ray, ʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano kino ʻokoʻa a me ke kala kumu. Kāhea pinepine ʻia kēia mau kauā "ka mahina", ma muli o ke kumu latina o ko lākou inoa kumu - Selene. Aloha nui ʻia kēia poʻe e nā mea like ʻole, ʻoiai lākou e noho ana i kahi hohonu pāpaʻu. ʻO ke kumu o ia hiki ke ʻike i kahi iʻa i loko o kona kūlohelohe.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Vomer
No ke aupuni holoholona ʻo Vomeres, ke ʻano chordate, ke ʻano iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia e ka hihi. Aia kēia pūʻulu ma mua o 95% o nā ʻelele i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa o ka wai wai. ʻO nā kānaka āpau i kēia mahele he bony. ʻO ka iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia ma ka lā kahi ma kahi o 420 miliona mau makahiki.
ʻO ka ʻohana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā luaʻi, i kapa ʻia he mackerel lio (Carangidae). Noho nui nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia mahele i nā wai mehana o ka moana honua. Hoʻohanohano ʻia lākou e kahi pahu caudal forked ākea, kahi kino liʻiliʻi, a me nā ʻelua dorsal fins. Aia i loko o ka ʻohana mackerel lio ka nui o nā iʻa o ke koʻikoʻi ʻoihana. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ʻo Vomers.
Video: Vomer
ʻO Seleniums kahi ʻano kaʻawale o ka mackerel lio. ʻO Selene Lacepede ko lākou inoa ʻepekema honua.
Ma ka ʻāpana, mahele ʻia lākou i nā ʻano aʻe:
- brevoortii a i ʻole Brevoort - noho i ka wai o ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Moana Pākīpika, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā kānaka ma mua o 38 cm;
- brownie a Caribbean paha moonfish - hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia ʻano luaʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka Moana ʻAkelanika, hiki ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa ma kahi o 28 cm;
- dorsalis a i ʻole ʻApelika mahina iʻa - noho i ka wai o ka hikina kapakai o ka Moana ʻAkelanika, ʻo ka awelika o ka mākua he 37 knm, ʻo kona kaumaha ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kg;
- orstedii a i ʻole Mekiko selenium - loaʻa i nā wai o ka hikina o ka Moana Pākīpika, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā kānaka he 33 knm;
- peruviana a i ʻole Peruvian selenium - kahi kamaʻāina o ka hapa nui o ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Moana Pākīpika, a hōʻea ma kahi o 33 knm ka lōʻihi;
- setapinnis a i ʻole West Atlantic selenium - i loaʻa i ka wai ma kahakai o ke komohana ʻAkelanika, hiki i nā kānaka nui loa ke lōʻihi i 60 cm, ke kaupaona ʻia 4.5 kg.
ʻO kahi hui ʻokoʻa nā selenium maʻamau, maʻamau ma ke kapakai komohana o ka Moana ʻAkelanika. Ma ka awelika, hiki i nā mākua o kēia hui ma kahi o 47 cm ka lōʻihi a me ke kaupaona - a i 2 kg.
ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale kūikawā ʻana o ka iʻa he mea maʻamau ia no ka ʻAkelanika a me ka Moana Pākīpika (kona ʻaoʻao hikina). Makemake nā iʻa e noho i nā wahi wai pāpaʻu, nā mea e kōkua ai i kā lākou lawaiʻa ʻana. Makemake ʻo Selenae e alakaʻi i kahi nohona aloha ma kahi kokoke i ka lalo. Eia kekahi, aia nā hōʻiliʻili o ka iʻa i ke kolamu wai.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Vomer iʻa
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka selenium, ka mea i lilo i kumu no ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hoihoi iā lākou mai ka poʻe, ke waiho nei i ka hiʻona o ka iʻa. ʻO Selene he lunamakaʻāinana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka mackerel lio. Iridescent ke kino, pālahalaha. ʻO ko lākou lōʻihi (maximum - 60 cm, awelika - 30 cm) ʻaneʻane like me ke kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻopili loa ke kino. Lahilahi ka iʻa i ka leo. Ma muli o kēia mau kaulike, nānā nui ko lākou poʻo. Lawe ʻia i kahi hapahā o ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
ʻAʻole pololei ke kuamoʻo o ka luaʻi, akā hāwili ʻia mai ka hopena pectoral. ʻIke ʻia ka fin cistal caudal ma kahi lāʻau lahilahi. Pōkole ka fin dorsal a hōʻike ʻia i ke ʻano o nā nila he 8 liʻiliʻi loa i ka lōʻihi. Eia kekahi, ua ʻōlelo nā ʻōpio i nā hana filamentous (ma nā ʻaoʻao mua). ʻAʻohe o nā mākua pēlā. He ʻano ʻokoʻa loa kā Selenium o ka waha o ka waha. Kuhi ʻia ka waha o ka iʻa i luna obliquely i luna. Kapa ʻia kēia waha ʻo waha kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohālikelike kekahi me he mea kaumaha nei ka vomer.
ʻO ke kala o ke kino o ka luaʻi ke kālā iridescent. Ma ka dorsum, aia mau he uliuli a i ʻole nā ʻomaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo pale. ʻAe kēia mau pale i ka iʻa e hūnā koke mai nā mea ʻino a ʻike maopopo. ʻAʻole huikau ka ʻaoʻao ʻōpū o ke kino, akā ʻoi. Ma muli o nā aniani kikoʻī o ke kino, me he mea lā he huinahā ka selenium a i ʻole (ma ka liʻiliʻi) square.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka luaʻi ka unahi, a i ʻole, kona kaawale. ʻAʻole uhi ʻia ke kino o ka iʻa me nā unahi liʻiliʻi.
Ma muli o ko lākou kino lahilahi, hiki i nā selenium ke hoʻokele wikiwiki i ke kolamu wai, e hūnā ana mai kahi mea hiki wawe ka predator ʻO ka hapa nui o kēlā mau kānaka e mālama i nā hui, kahi hōʻuluʻulu nui e like me ke aniani (a i ʻole ka pepa foil), i wehewehe ʻia e ke kala kumu o nā ʻelele o ka mackerel lio.
Ma hea e noho ai ka vomer?
Kiʻi: iʻa ʻo Vomer i ka wai
He wānana loa ko Selenium wahi noho. Makemake nā iʻa e noho i nā kūlana maikaʻi i nā wai tropical. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hui me lākou i ka Moana ʻAkelanika - ke kai nui ʻelua ma ka honua. Noho ka nui o nā ʻano iʻa ma aneʻi. Kahi kikoʻī, koho ʻia nā selenium ma ke ʻano he wahi noho e nā wai o ʻApelika Komohana a me ʻAmelika Waena. Eia kekahi, i loko o ka Moana Pākīpika, loaʻa i nā selenium ke ʻano noho maikaʻi.
Makemake ʻo Vomers e noho i nā wai kai kokoke i ka lalo o silty a i ʻole silty-one. ʻO ka hohonu o ko lākou wahi noho he 80 m. ʻAʻau nui lākou ma lalo, ʻoiai ka nui o nā pōhaku a me nā ʻākako e ʻae iā lākou e hūnā koke mai nā mea ʻino. Aia kekahi mau lunamaka o ka mackerel lio ma ke kolamu wai.
Mea hoihoi: Makemake nā ʻōpio selenium e noho i nā wai pāpaʻu hou a i ʻole nā waha o nā kahawai brackish.
Kūleʻa ke ola hana i ka pouli. I ke ao, piʻi ka iʻa mai lalo a hoʻomaha iki mai ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana i ka pō.
He aha ka meaʻai a ka vomer?
Kiʻi: Vomers, he selenium kekahi
I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, koho mau ʻia nā luaʻi i ka pouli. Kōkua nā lālā olifactory i hoʻomohala pono iā lākou e hoʻokele i ka wai.
ʻO ka papaʻai nui o ka luaʻi me nā zooplanktons - kahi mahele ʻokoʻa o ka plankton hiki ʻole ke kaohi i kā lākou neʻe ʻana i ka wai. Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou ka waiwai pio maʻalahi no ka luaʻi;
- molluscs - ʻae nā niho ikaika o ka iʻa lunar i kahi manawa o nā manawa e kū ai me nā pū liʻiliʻi, e waiho ana ma hope o kahi huna lepo;
- iʻa liʻiliʻi - ʻo ka ʻai hou i hānau ʻia kahi meaʻono punahele a nā ʻelele āpau o ka sardine. ʻAnuʻu aku nā iʻa liʻiliʻi mai nā mea hōkū. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻae kā lākou mau makahiki liʻiliʻi iā lākou e hoʻokele wikiwiki a loaʻa kahi puʻuhonua kūpono. ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā selenium pōloli;
- crustaceans - ʻo ka ʻiʻo o ia ʻano kanaka e aloha nui ʻia e nā luaʻi; ʻo nā crustacea liʻiliʻi, a "paʻakikī" ia no lākou, koho ʻia ʻo ia ka meaʻai iʻa.
Holo ʻo Selenium i nā pua me nā hoa papa. ʻAi lākou i ka pō. Hiki ke hoʻonui a hoʻopili ʻia paha ka papaʻai e like me nā ʻano teritori o ka wahi noho o ka luaʻi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Raba Vomer
Ma ko lākou ʻano o ke ola, ʻoluʻolu a mālie hoʻi nā luaʻi. Noho lākou i ka hapanui o nā manawa (i nā ʻākoʻo). Hoʻomaka ke ola hana me ka hōʻea ʻana o ka pouli, ke hele a selenium e alualu a hoʻomaka e ʻimi i ka meaʻai.
Noho nā iʻa i loko o nā kula me ko lākou mau hoa. I loko o kekahi hui like, hiki i nā iʻa he nui he mau kaukani. ʻAʻole wale ia he selenium. ʻO nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka mackerel lio e ʻākoakoa pū i nā pūʻā hipa. ʻO nā lālā a pau o ka "kime" e hānai ma o ka palahalaha o ke kai e ʻimi i kahi maikaʻi loa no ka ʻimi holoholona a me ka noho ʻana.
Mea hoihoi: ʻO nā kani a lākou e kamaʻilio ai i nā ʻohana hipa a makaʻu i nā ʻenemi hiki ke hiki. ʻO nā kāwili e like me ke kaniʻuhū.
Makemake nā poʻe liʻiliʻi o selenium e noho i nā wai wai paʻakai a i ʻole paʻakai iki. Noho nā mākua o ka papa mackerel like a hānai wale ʻia i ka wai kai. ʻAi nā luaʻi nui ʻaʻole wale nā mea lana, akā haehae pū kekahi i ka moena wai no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā lunamaka kolo o ka papa o nā holoholona. Ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o selenium, noho mau nā puʻupuʻu i ʻike ʻia a me nā mea kūpono ʻole ma ka papa lepo.
No nā kānaka, selenium (nānā ʻole i ko lākou ʻano) ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli. Palekana a pōʻino ʻole ka iʻa. Lilo lākou iā lākou iho i mau maka o nā pono kanaka. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka waiwai nui o ka luaʻi i ka mākeke culinary ma muli o kā lākou kiʻekiʻe protein a me ka aneane pau ʻole o nā momona. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola o ka luaʻi ma mua o 7 mau makahiki. ʻO ka mea koe wale nō ka papa o ke ola i kahi wahi hana. I nā kūlana i hana ʻia a mālama ʻia e ke kanaka, ola nā seleniums a 10 mau makahiki.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: ʻO kahi lua o ka luaʻi
He iʻa hoʻohua nui nā ʻelele Selenoid. I ka manawa, hiki i ka wahine vomer ke hana i kahi hoʻokahi miliona mau hua. Ma hope o ka hānau hou ʻana o nā keiki, hele hou ka makuahine "aloha". ʻAʻole mālama nā kāne a me nā wahine i nā hua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pili lākou i kekahi papa. ʻO kēlā mau lehulehu o ka caviar e lilo i meaʻai piha no nā iʻa nui. Wehewehe kēia mau mea i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo mai loko mai o kahi miliona i hanau ʻole i nā hua, hānau ʻia ma kahi o ʻelua haneli mau hua wale nō.
ʻO nā keiki Selenium he nimble a me nā mea akamai. Ma hope koke o ko lākou hānau ʻana, hoʻololi lākou i ke kaiapuni a hoʻouna ʻia i ka papa inoa o nā meaʻai. Fry hānai nui ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka zooplankton. ʻAʻohe mea kōkua iā lākou i ka hānai ʻana.
Mea hoihoi: Ma muli o kona kino translucent, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka nimbleness, hūnā maikaʻi nā luaʻi hānau hou mai nā mea ʻino nui aʻe.
Pono ka nele o ka "instinct makuahine" no ka iʻa e hoʻomaʻa koke i nā ʻano kai paʻakikī. Ola ka mea ikaika loa - nā mea wale nō i hūnā mai ka predator i ka manawa a loaʻa ka meaʻai. Ma muli o kēia make ʻana o 80% o nā larvae selenium. ʻOkoʻa ke kūlana i nā ʻano nohona ʻimi hoʻopunipuni. Ola ka hapa nui o nā luaʻi i nā aquarium a me nā loko iʻa loea. Hōʻike ʻia kēia e nā kūlana nohona maikaʻi a me ka ʻole o nā mea ʻino kūpilikiʻi.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka luaʻi
Kiʻi: Vomera, a selenium paha
ʻAi ʻia nā iʻa i ʻoi aku i ka selenium i ka nui. He ʻenemi koʻikoʻi ko Vomers o nā nui nui. Hualu ʻia ʻo Vomers e nā kohola koholā, nā manō, nā koholā a me nā ʻelele nui ʻē aʻe o ka moana. Loaʻa i nā ʻenemi ʻoi loa nimble a savvy iʻa iʻa. Ua hoʻololi ka ola o loko o ka wai i loko o ka wai i ka luaʻi e kākahu mākaukau iā lākou iho a neʻe me ka wikiwiki hiki ʻole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Ma muli o ka ʻano ʻili kūikawā, hiki i ka selenium maʻamau ke lilo i translucent a aniani moakaka i nā mea āpau. Hana kēia i kekahi kihi o ka sunbeam. Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i ka hūnā ʻia ʻana o ka iʻa i loko o ʻelua mau hihia: inā ʻoe e nānā iā ia ma hope a mai mua paha (ma ke kihi o 45 kekelē). No laila, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nā kai ākea kokoke, hiki i nā luai ke hūnā a lilo i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia.
I loko nō o ka nui o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o selenium, ʻo nā kānaka ka mea hihiu ʻino a weliweli hoʻi. Hopu ʻia nā iʻa no ke kūʻai hou aku i ka hana. Mahalo ʻia kaʻiʻo Vomer i kekahi ʻano: palai, puhi ʻia, hoʻomaloʻo. ʻO ka kaulana nui o ka selenium i kuke ʻia e ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻāina CIS a me ʻAmelika Hema. Kūʻai koke ʻia nā luaʻi puhi paka no ka pia. Iwi ka iʻa momona a kiʻekiʻe i ka protein. Palekana ia no ka poʻe ma ka papaʻai kūpono.
I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka luku ʻia o ka luaʻi, ua lawaiʻa ka nui o nā lawaiʻa i ka hoʻoulu hānai o kēia laha. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka paʻa pio ʻana ka hōʻailona o ke ola i hiki i 10 mau makahiki, a ʻo nā ʻano nui o ka iʻa (ka nui, ke kaumaha, ke kino) ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ia mai nā ʻelika moana o ka Vomeric. ʻAʻole ʻono nō hoʻi ka ʻono o ka ʻiʻo. Paʻa nō hoʻi ia i ke kūlike ʻole, akā palupalu loa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Vomer
Manaʻo ʻia ka iʻa ʻo Vomera e hoʻopili maoli ʻia i nā ʻelele ola moana. Ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e ola mai ka wā hānau. ʻO kēia ka mea e mālama ai iā lākou "lana": aʻo nā iʻa i ka ʻimi holoholona pono (i ka pouli e kiʻi i nā meaʻai hou aʻe), peʻe mai nā mea hōkai (e hoʻohana pū i nā lā o ka lā no kēia) a noho i nā ʻohana hipa (e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻonohonoho pono i ka neʻe a ʻauʻau i ke ala kūpono). Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hōʻiliʻili selenium i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, waiho i ko lākou ola maʻamau ma lalo o kahi hoʻoweliweli nui. ʻO ka hopu ʻana i ka iʻa nui, haʻalele wale ke kanaka i kā lākou mau lunamakaʻāinana liʻiliʻi i ke kai. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka Fry i nā hoʻouka kaua ʻana mai nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe a ʻaʻole i loli ʻia i nā kūlana ʻoʻoleʻa o ka moana. A ʻo kahi hopena, ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka luaʻi.
ʻAʻohe kikoʻī kikoʻī e pili ana i ka helu o nā luaʻi i kekahi mau ʻāina. ʻAʻole hiki i ka helu ke helu i nā kula iʻa nui. Akā naʻe me kēia, ua nānā nā luna o kekahi mau mokuʻāina i ke kūlana lawaiʻa selenium, a ua hoʻokau ʻia ka palena a me ka pāpā ʻana i ka hopu ʻana o kēia mau kānaka. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka puna o 2012, ua pāpā ʻia ʻaʻole e hopu i ka vomer Peruvian ma Ecuador. Ua hana kēia ma muli o ka ʻike o nā ʻelele o ka mālama kūlohelohe i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā kānaka (ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi i nā selenium nui o Peru, i hoʻolauna mua ʻia i loko o kēia wai i nā nui).
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: Hoʻonui, hana ʻia nā wahi hana no ka luaʻi. I kēia ala, mālama ka poʻe hana i ke kālā ma ke kaʻina hopu ʻana, mālama i ka nui o nā iʻa i ko lākou wahi maoli, a ʻae i nā mea aloha i kaʻiʻo selenium e hoʻomau i ka ʻono i kā lākou ʻono.
ʻOiai ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hopu ʻana o ka luaʻi, ʻaʻole lākou i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi kūlana mālama. Hoʻopaʻa mau ʻia nā palena paʻa wā ma nā ʻāina he nui. I loko o kekahi mau mahina, loaʻa ka manawa o ka ʻai e ikaika ai a hoʻomaʻa i nā kūlana ʻoʻoleʻa o ko lākou wahi noho. No laila, ke ulu mau nei ka heluna kanaka a ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka luku koke ʻia ʻana.
He iʻavomer - ʻano ʻokoʻa i ke ʻano o ke kino a me ke kala, hiki ke ola ma lalo o nā ʻano. Hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia a loaʻa ka meaʻai mai lalo o ka silt. Makau wale ke kanaka i kēia iʻa. Akā i loko o ka hopu ʻana i ka hopu, hana mau nā selenium i ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o ko lākou lehulehu. E launa pono ai i kēlā iʻa, ʻaʻole pono ia e hele i kahakai ʻAkelanika. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mahalo i nā luaʻi nani a me nā lua ʻole i loko o nā aquarium.
Lā paʻi: 07/16/2019
Lā hou: 25.09.2019 ma 20:38
