ʻO nā pulelehua hapa nui kahi ʻohana nui o nā butterflies motley, me kahi mau kaukani a ʻāpana a hāʻawi ʻia i ka honua holoʻokoʻa koe wale no nā ʻāina permafrost. Mākele Mottled he ʻano mālie kona, ʻo kā lākou lele lele hoʻi ke ʻano hiamoe a palaualelo - ʻawahia lākou a ʻaneʻane makaʻu ʻole i nā mea ʻaihue. Lilo pinepine lākou i nā pests māla.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Kupu kupu
Ua ʻike ʻia nā butterflies mua ma kahi o 140 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei - aia nā mōʻalihaku i mālama pono ʻia i loaʻa i ka amber, no laila ua hoʻokumu paʻa ʻia ko lākou helehelena. Minamina, kākaʻikahi nā koena fossilized o nā butterflies, no ka mea lahilahi a mālama maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ko lākou kino.
No laila, manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻoi aku paha ka makahiki o nā butterflies ma mua o nā fossil kahiko i loaʻa, a aia paha ua ʻike ʻia 200-250 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Pili kā lākou pua me nā mea kanu pua - ke pālahalaha lākou ma ka honua, ua nui a nui nā butterflies i lilo.
Ua lilo nā pua i kumu nui o ka meaʻai, a no ka unuhi ʻana o ka nectar, ua loaʻa nā butterflies i kahi proboscis - a me nā ʻeheu nani e like me nā pua. ʻO ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia ʻo ia nā butterflies nocturnal (motley), a laila wale nō i ʻike ʻia ka diurnal (moth). ʻO ka mahele i ke ao a me ke ao, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe mea - no ka laʻana, no ka butterfly butter i ka moth speckled, akā i ka manawa like he diurnal ka hapa nui o kona ʻano.
Video: Pāleo speckled
No laila, he ʻumiʻumi nō ka pāʻina kī. ʻO nā butterflies ka mea mua i ʻike ʻia, a no ka hapa nui ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka mua. Pili kēia ʻāpana i ka moth speckled - he mau ʻēheu maʻalahi kona, no laila ke lele mālie a maʻalahi paha ia, akā ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka nui a me ka paʻakikī o ka hāmeʻa, kokoke i kēlā me kēia butterfly pō.
Hōʻike kēia i nā moth variegated i hala koke iho nei, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā kikoʻī o ko lākou kumu i nā mea noiʻi: ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o nā loaʻa o nā pepelu fossil e loli. A ʻo ka parisa iā lākou iho, he ʻohana nui kēia, i hoʻopili pū ʻia ma kahi o 1,000 mau ʻano, a loaʻa mau kekahi mau mea hou.
ʻO kāna wehewehe ʻepekema i hana ʻia e Pierre André Latrei ma 1809, i ka manawa like i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka inoa ma ka Lākina - Zygaenidae. ʻO nā moʻokūʻauhau a me nā laha i loko o ka ʻohana he ʻokoʻa loa ia, no laila paʻakikī i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kekahi manawa ma ka nānā wale ʻana i nā butterflies o nā laha like ʻole a pili loa lākou.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: nīnaʻi butterfly poʻomanaʻo
ʻO ke kino e pili ana i nā ʻeheu o ka hapa nui o nā lālā o ka ʻohana he nui, a ʻo kahi hopena a lākou e nānā aku ai mai ka palupalu a me ke aloha e like me nā butterflies ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili ʻia e ka pili i nā butterfly motley, ʻokoʻa i ka hanana mai nā lā maʻamau o ke ao. Eia kekahi, kiko ʻia ke kino me ka hulu.
ʻO ka ʻēheu, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā laha, ʻokoʻa i nā manawa, mai 15 a 60 mm - no laila, no nā pepe liʻiliʻi a me nā kaulike waena ka moth. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa kahi proboscis i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia a hoʻemi ʻia hoʻi. ʻAʻohe unahi ma luna o laila. Palps, ka iwi ā a me ka labial, pōkole i nā partidos.
ʻOkoʻa paha ka anttennae, i kekahi hihia a mānoanoa lākou i ka hopena, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka clavate. Aia nā variegated a me chitosem - he mau hulu kēia ma ke poʻo, e pāʻani ana i ke ʻano o ka naʻau manaʻo.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā lunamakaʻāinana e ʻike ʻia e kahi kala ʻulaʻula loa e kū ana - ʻike ʻia kēia i ka inoa. ʻO ka leo nui o nā ʻeheu ʻeleʻele pinepine, polū a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha, a pinepine pū ʻia hoʻi me nā kiko - melemele, ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha. Kākaʻikahi ka motley monochromatic a i ʻole kokoke i kēia, a me ka pale wale.
He kala ʻulaʻula ko lākou no kahi kumu, he hōʻailona kēia i nā mea predators he weliweli ka butterfly no lākou - ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he ʻino nā speckled specs, hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā toxins i loko o ko lākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ka waikawa hydrocyanic. ʻO ka nui o nā predators i ʻai i ka motley e lilo i mea make - i ka maikaʻi loa, e ʻeha lākou i ka nui, ʻoiai hiki i kahi hopena make ke hiki.
He ala ʻē aʻe kahi pale o kēia butterfly: inā hoʻohaunaele, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokuʻu i kahi wai ʻona i loko o ka lāʻau make. ʻAʻole wale nā mākoki o nā mākua nā mea ʻona, akā nā ʻenuhe kekahi.
Ma hea e noho ai ka butterfly speckled?
Kiʻi: Motley butterfly ma Lūkia
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana āpau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, koe wale no nā kihi anuanu, kahi hiki ʻole i nā butterflies ke noho wale. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he mau lālani ʻokoʻa ko lākou, kahi i ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana nui o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā ʻohana.
- Noho kokoke ʻo Zygaeninae ma waena o ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina hikina o ʻApelika.
- Makemake ʻo Chalcosiinae i ka hikina hema o ʻAsia, ma waho o ia e hiki ke loaʻa pū kekahi, akā he kakaikahi loa a he mau lā wale nō.
- ʻIke ʻia ʻo Procridinae ma kahi o nā wahi āpau, ʻoiai me ke alapine kaulike ʻole - ka helu nui loa o nā laha, a me nā heluna o nā butterflies ponoʻī, noho i nā tropika;
- ʻO Phaudinae, a ʻo Callizygaeninae, he mau ʻohana ʻohana āpau loa a hoʻokomo i kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā ʻano, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou wale nō ma ka ʻĀina India a me ka Hikina Hema ʻo Asia.
ʻO ka maʻamau, aloha nā marshmallow i nā wahi mehana, a ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e loaʻa i nā tropic a me nā subtropics. ʻOi aku ka ʻilihune o ke aniau no kēia mau butterflies, akā he ʻano ʻokoʻa pū kekahi kona. Makemake pū lākou i ka ea mākū, no ka mea ma kahi e pili ana i ke kai ma waena o 1,000 mau mile mai ke kahakai he ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou ma mua o ka loko o ka ʻāina.
Noho lākou i nā wahi momona i nā mea kanu, kahi e maʻalahi no lākou e hānai iā lākou iho a hoʻomoe i nā hua manu, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pua a me nā mea kanu hānai ulu kokoke kekahi i kekahi. ʻO ka manawa pinepine he māla a māla paha - ʻike ʻia lākou he mau mea kanu kīhāpai, no ka mea noho lākou i nā hui nui a hiki ke ʻai maoli i kekahi mau mea kanu.
He aha ka ʻai a ka butterfly speckled?
Kiʻi: Mīkini lele ʻia mai ka puke Red
Pau nā butterflies makua i ka hapa nui o ka nectar a hana ʻino ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻokoʻa i nā makemake.
E like me:
- ululāʻau;
- bele;
- dandelion;
- aster;
- narcissus;
- pua palaoa;
- gentian;
- mōhala ʻana iā Sally;
- crocus;
- waiūpata
Inu paha kekahi wai kohu variegated i ka wai kulu mai nā kumu lāʻau a i ʻole nā hua pala. I kēlā me kēia hihia, i ke ʻano o ka imago, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia i ka poʻe, ʻo ka pilikia wale nō i loko o nā ʻenuhe - no lākou ia, inā aia kēlā mau butterflies i loko o ka māla, pono lākou e hoʻopau koke. Hiki ke nui nā ʻenuhe, a ʻai pinepine lākou i nā lau a me nā ʻōpuʻu o nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau.
Malia paha kā lākou hoʻouka kaua i:
- hua waina;
- plum;
- pea;
- cherry;
- Laau ʻ Applepala;
- sorrel;
- pi;
- legume.
ʻAʻole lele mamao kēia mau butterflies, a inā ua ʻike ʻia i loko o kāu māla, hiki koke i kahi lehulehu o lākou ke hatch, a ʻaʻohe ola mai nā ʻenuhe i nā kumulāʻau - he mau haneli paha kekahi o lākou, kahi e hōʻemi loa ai i kona momona.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi: uhi ʻia ke kino o nā moth a nui me ka lauoho e hoʻopuehu i ka hōʻailona o nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa - me ke kōkua ua loaʻa iā lākou nā mea kolo, a laila hopu lākou iā lākou, akā ʻo ka hopu ʻana i nā moths mai kahi maʻalahi. He pepeiao hoʻi ko kekahi e makaʻala i ka ultrasound, a i ka lohe ʻana aia kokoke kahi ʻōpeʻapeʻa, hāʻule ka pepe i ka honua a pale i ka hālāwai ʻana. Aia kekahi e hoʻopuka i kahi hōʻailona pane, huikau i ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Kupu kupu
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lele variegated e hana i ke ao, a hoʻomaha i ka pō. ʻOiai he ʻokoʻa - lele kekahi mau ʻano i ka pō, e like me nā moth ʻē aʻe, lele lele lākou i nā ipukukui a ma o nā puka aniani mālamalama. ʻO ka pinepine, aloha nā speckles i ka lā a me ka mahanahana, ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou i ka hulu ʻana ma lalo o nā kukuna, e pelu ana i ko lākou mau ʻeheu.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ko lākou mau ʻēheu he mea mua loa - pili kēia i ka alualu ʻole ʻia o lākou i ka lewa, a no laila ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā partidos ka nui o nā mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ko lākou mau ʻēheu e like me ka nui o nā butterflies ʻē aʻe. A ʻo kahi hopena, lele lohi lākou, a ʻano weliweli kā lākou lele ʻana.
Kuhi paha kahi kiko i hopu ʻia ua make. Kūlike ka pae o ka makaʻu ma muli o ka laha - kekona, a hiki i ka hōʻike ʻia ʻana o ka huhū iā lākou, mālie lākou, ʻae i ka poʻe e kaohi manuahi iā lākou iho a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻāʻo e lele.
Hoʻolālā nui ʻia kahi ʻano mālie ma muli o ka mea hoʻoweliweli ʻia lākou e kekahi mau mea weliweli, a ʻaʻohe pono e makaʻu i kēlā me kēia rustle - ʻaʻole hiki i kahi butterfly maʻamau ke hāʻawi i kēlā mālie, no ka mea ʻo kēlā me kēia minuke, ʻoiai ka lele, hiki i nā manu ke ʻimi iā ia. ...
He mālie a ana ke ola o nā partido: ke puka mai ka lā, lele lākou i waho e hānai i nā mea kanu pua, lele lele kekahi i kekahi, maʻamau ma kahi o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, i nā hui holoʻokoʻa. Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole lākou i hele i kahi mamao a hiki ke hoʻolilo i ko lākou ola āpau i ka māla like a i ʻole ma ka nāhelehele like.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Pālua o nā pēpē mottled
Kau ʻia nā hua manu i ka puna. Hiki i ka masonry hoʻokahi a i ʻole i nā lālani. ʻO ka nui o ka hua manu ma kahi o ka hapalua millimeter, elongated lākou, melemele ke kala. Lawe ʻia i kahi ʻenuhe ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule a me ka hapalua e pā.
He ʻano pale kāna - hiki iā ia ke huki i kona poʻo i ka umauma. Pale pū ʻia kona kino holoʻokoʻa: uhi ʻia me ka hulu. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea ʻawahia, no ka mea ʻaʻohe mea ʻino e hiki mai i ka mea hoʻouka kaua iā ia, ʻike ka hapa nui o lākou he inedible.
ʻAi a ulu pono, hele ka ʻenuhe i "hoʻoilo". Hiki ke kāhea ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano kūlana, no ka mea hiki i ka hoʻoilo ke hoʻomaka no lākou i Iulai, inā he ʻenuhe kēia o ka hanauna mua, ʻo ia ka mua, a i ʻAukake paha no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana. Aia kēia i nā latitude mahana, i nā tropika, ʻike ʻia nā hanauna hou a puni ka makahiki.
Hoʻolālā lākou i ka manawa he nui i ka hibernation - a hiki i ka manawa mahana hou. A laila ala lākou a hoʻomaka hou e ʻai i nā lau a i nā ʻōpuʻu paha, no ka mea nui ka ikaika e lilo i butterfly. I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waihona mālama lawa, huli hope lākou a laila lilo i poʻe mākua.
No laila, ʻoi aku i hoʻokahi makahiki mai ka waiho ʻana i hua manu a lilo i makua. ʻAʻole lele ka mamao o ka butterfly, a hoʻonui i ka māla like kahi i kū ai - ma ke ʻano he hopena, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hana i nā ana kūʻē iā lākou i ka manawa, ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki e hoʻopiha maoli ʻia ka māla me lākou, ʻaʻole ia e pōmaikaʻi i kona momona.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā butterfly mottled
Kiʻi: Motley butterfly i ke kūlohelohe
Ma muli o ka ʻawahia o kona mau ʻenemi, he mau ʻenemi ʻokoʻa kā ka speckle ma ke ʻano o kahi ʻenuhe a ma hope o kona hoʻololi ʻia ʻana i imago. Makaʻu ka hapanui o nā mea ʻino e kona kala a i ʻole ʻaʻala o ka mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā e weliweli ana - hōʻike ʻelua i ka hiki ʻole.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau mea ʻino ke ʻānai a ʻimi i nā pepe pēpē. Hiki ke loli ka papa inoa o nā ʻenemi o ka marshmallow i ke ʻano o ka lāhui hea, akā ʻo ka pinepine ʻo ia pū kekahi:
- nalo nalo;
- coccinelids;
- punawelewele;
- ʻōpala ʻaihue;
- lele nā larva o sirfid lele.
ʻAʻole makaʻu ka poʻe i helu ʻia i ka lāʻau make o ka wahine wahine ʻōniʻoniʻo, akā ʻimi pinepine lākou i kāna mau hua a me nā ʻenuhe, a hiki i ka imago ke palekana - ʻo nā spider tropical tropical wale nō ka mea hoʻoweliweli iā ia.
ʻO kekahi ʻenemi koʻikoʻi o ka mauʻu speckled, ʻo ka mea ʻoi loa paha, ʻo ia ka poʻe. Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā meaola he pests kīhāpai, a me nā kolohe nui loa, hakakā maoli lākou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika, kahi e luku ai i ka nui o lākou, a i kekahi manawa a me ka lehulehu holoʻokoʻa.
ʻIke hoihoi: Aia pū kekahi nā huapalapala wahaheʻe - maʻalahi loa e huikau nā mea maoli me lākou ma muli o ka like o waho. I ka manawa like, pili lākou i nā ʻohana ʻokoʻa - no ka Erebids (Erebidae) ka speck wahaheʻe, akā alakaʻi i ke ala like o ke ola e like me ka speck maoli, a hiki ke loaʻa ma nā kahua like. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano motley wahaheʻe - ma kahi o 3,000.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Motley butterfly ma Lūkia
Ma ke ʻano laulā, ma ke ʻano he ʻohana o nā partidos, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli - lehulehu lākou i ka wikiwiki, a ma kahi e noho ai nā butterflies ʻelua, ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki aia paha he kaukani. ʻOiai ke kaua kūʻē iā lākou ʻaʻole kōkua mau i ka hoʻopau loa ʻana i kēia mau mea ʻino, a hoʻoliʻiliʻi pinepine wale nō i ko lākou heluna kanaka i nā waiwai kūpono.
No laila, ma muli o kā lākou hana hou wikiwiki ʻana, pili pono kēia mau butterflies. Akā aia kekahi nuance - ʻaʻole lākou e noho kaulike ma luna o kahi ʻāpana nui, akā noho i ka foci. ʻO ka hopena, hiki i ka luku piha ʻana o kekahi mau foci ke hōʻemi nui i ka laulā o nā laha, a inā ʻaʻole pālahalaha, a laila kau i ka makaʻu.
No laila, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka laulā o nā variegates ma mua o ka makemake o ka poʻe, a aia ka nui o lākou, aia kekahi mau ʻano laha ʻole e kokoke ana e pau a lawe ʻia i lalo o ka pale i kekahi mau ʻāina a i ʻole nā wahi.
Mea hoihoi: Ma kahi o 18 tausani mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i nā pepepe equine, he diurnal lākou. Me he mea lā he nui kēia, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o raznoushivye - ma kahi o 150 tausani mau ʻano. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, liʻiliʻi ka moths i ka nui a hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia, akā ʻo ka lāhui ʻokoʻa i waena o lākou ke kuʻi nei.
No laila, me nā moth liʻiliʻi loa, pili iā lākou ka Saturnia pear a me nā hawk hawk - hiki i ko lākou ʻeheu ke ʻoi aku i 150 mm. Nui aʻe nā moth ʻaʻole wale ma nā ʻōlelo o ka helu o nā laha, akā maʻalahi wale nō hoʻi i ka nui, a i ka pō he nui wale o Lepidoptera.
Ka pale ʻana i nā butterfly mottled
Kiʻi: Motley butterfly mai ka Red Book
Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā ana no ka pale ʻana i nā moth speckled a noi ʻokoʻa, pili ia i ka ʻāina a i ʻole ka ʻāina kahi e lawe ʻia ai kekahi ʻano butterflies i lalo o ka pale. Aia kēia mau ʻāina me ʻEulopa, Hikina Hema ʻo ʻAsia, nā ʻāina o ʻAkau ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika Hema - i loko o lākou āpau he mau puʻupuʻu kakaikahi a palekana ʻia e ke kānāwai.
I nā helu o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻano laha e laha a aneane make ʻole paha; akā hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ana kūpono i loko o ia mau mea - ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻike ʻia nā butterflies e ka maʻalahi o ko lākou heluna kanaka e hoʻihoʻi ʻoiai ke iho i nā palena liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia kekahi mau ʻano speckled i loko o nā puke ʻikepili ʻulaʻula ma Lūkia. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma Moscow, aia kēia mau mea like ʻole: osterodskaya, honeysuckle, pea a me meadowsweet. Pono e kiaʻi ʻia ka heluna kanaka o kēlā me kēia ʻano a ʻike ʻia nā wahi e ulu ai.
Inā loaʻa kēlā wahi, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia a hāʻawi ʻia kona pale. Eia kekahi, i mea e mālama pono ai i nā pepepe, nā kula ma nā kapa wai o nā waihona wai a me nā ululāʻau, waiho paʻa ʻia nā kihi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nāhelehele i nā wahi noho o nā speckles pohihihi. Hoʻokomo hou ʻia lākou i nā wahi kūpono. Lawe ʻia nā ana e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka hopena o nā kumu maikaʻi ʻole, e laʻa me ka mahele o ka lehulehu ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻana a i ʻole nā alanui hou, ka luku ʻia o nā forbs, a me nā mea like.
ʻOiai ʻike ʻia nā mea ʻino i waena o nā moth speckled, he ʻohana hoihoi loa kēia, a komo pū kekahi me nā ʻano lele like ʻole - kiʻekiʻe loa ko lākou ʻano ʻokoʻa i nā tropika. Ke kuʻi nei kēia mau butterflies i ko lākou ʻano mālie - ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he ʻano maʻamau o ka makaʻu i ka poʻe. ʻOiai mottled mākeke a hoʻonui lehulehu, aia kekahi mau ʻano laha ʻole e pono ai ka pale.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: Iune 24, 2019
Lā hou: 09/23/2019 ma 21:25
