Nahesa Tiger (N. scutatus) kahi ʻano mea ʻona nui i loaʻa ma ka hema o Australia, e like me nā mokupuni kahiki e like me Tasmania. He loli loa kēia mau moʻo i ke kala a loaʻa i ko lākou inoa mai nā ʻāpana like a ke Tiga me ko lākou kino āpau. Pili nā lāhui āpau i ka moʻomeheu Notechis. Hōʻike ʻia lākou i kekahi manawa he ʻano ʻokoʻa a me / a i ʻole nā mea lawelawe. He mālie kēia moʻo, e like me ka nui o nā moʻo a me nā hoʻi i ke wā e hele aku ai ke kanaka, akā ʻo ke kihi, hoʻokuʻu ia i ka mea ʻino e weliweli loa i nā kānaka.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: nahesa Tiger
ʻO ka genec Notechis (nāhesa) i loko o ka ʻohana aspids. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike moʻokalaleo 2016 ʻo ka pili kokoke loa i nā nahesa tiger (N. scutatus) ʻo ia ka nahesa liʻiliʻi loa (Tropidechis carinatus). I ka wā ma mua, ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻelua mau moʻo nāhesa tiger: ʻo ka moʻo kika hikina (N. scutatus) a me ka nahesa tiger ʻeleʻele (N. ater).
Eia nō naʻe, he mea kūlike ʻole nā ʻokoʻa morphological ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, a ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi molekino hou e like pū ana ʻo N. ater a me N. scutatus, no laila ke ʻikea he hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano laha i laha nui i ka nui a me ke kala.
Video: Nahesa Tiga
ʻOiai nā loiloi hou, hoʻohana mau ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho kahiko, a ʻike ʻia nā helu o nā ʻāpana.
- N. ater ater - Nahesa tiger Krefft;
- N. ater humphreysi - nahesa tiger Tasmania;
- Nigeria ater - nika ʻīlika peninsular;
- N. ater serventyi - Mokupuni Snake Mokupuni mai Chappell Island;
- N. scutatus occidentalis (i kekahi manawa ʻo N. ater occidentalis) - nahesa tiger komohana;
- N. scutatus scutatus - Nahesa tiger Hikina.
Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻāpana o nā nāhesa tiger me nā loli hou o ke aniau (hoʻonui ʻia ka mānoanoa) a me nā loli i ka pae kai (ʻoki ʻia nā mokupuni mai ka ʻāina nui i nā makahiki 6,000-10,000 i hala iho nei). Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā heluna kanaka i hopena o kēia mau hanana i nā loli i kā lākou kala kala, ka nui a me nā ʻano kaiaola i ka pane ʻana i nā ʻano kaiapuni like ʻole.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Nahesa tiger ʻawahia
ʻO ka inoa no nā moʻo kika e pili ana i nā kahakaha melemele koʻikoʻi a me nā ʻeleʻele transverse maʻamau o kekahi mau heluna, akā ʻaʻole ka poʻe āpau i kēia kala. Pālahalaha nā nahesa i ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ka melemele / ʻalani me nā kaha hina i ke hina hina me ka ʻole o nā kaha. Aia nā hōʻike i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia o nā moʻo nahesa tiger-bellied ma Tasmania ʻākau.
ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau he nahesa ʻeleʻele me ka ʻole o nā kaha a mai ka melemele melemele a i nā kaha kalima. ʻO ka maʻa maʻamau ka brown olive ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻeleʻele eleele, me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me nā melemele i ʻokoʻa i ka mānoanoa. I nā kahe kaha, hiki ke loaʻa nā poʻe kala ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau heluna o nā lālā like ʻole o ka lāhui, no ka laʻana, nā kamaʻāina o ka piko waena a me ke komohana hema o Tasmania.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: hoʻomohala ikaika ka ʻōnaehana kala i nā heluna lehulehu i hōʻike ʻia i nā kūlana anilā kūlike loa a me nā mea anuanu, e like me nā ʻike ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā mokupuni kahakai.
ʻO ke poʻo o ka nahesa tiger he ākea iki a ākea, ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ia mai kahi kino muscular ikaika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 2 mau mika. Hula melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a hina hina ka ʻōpū. Ulu nā nahesa tiger kāne ma mua o nā wahine a nui nā poʻo. ʻO nā unahi median o 17-21 lalani, a ʻo nā unahi ventral 140-190 ua hoʻopili pinepine ʻia i ka ʻeleʻele. Aia kekahi mau unahi anal a me podcaudal hoʻokahi ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ka huelo.
Ma hea e noho ai ka moʻo kika?
Kiʻi: nahesa Tiger ma Australia
Hoʻolahalaha like ʻole ʻia kēia ʻano ma luna o nā ʻāpana nui ʻelua: hema hikina o Australia (e like me ka Bass Strait Islands a me Tasmania) a me ka hema komohana o Australia. Ma waho o ka ʻāina nui ʻo Australia, ua loaʻa kēia mau moʻo ma nā mokupuni e hiki mai ana: Babulona, Cat Island, Halkey Island, Christmas Island, Flinders Island, Forsyth Island, Big Dog Island, Hunter Island, Shamrock Island a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Aia pū kahi o ka mahele e hāʻawi i nā ʻano me Savage River National Park, a hiki iā Victoria a me New South Wales. ʻO kona wahi noho maʻamau kahi e pili ana i nā wahi kai o Australia.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: maopopo ʻole inā pili ka heluna o ka mokupuni ʻo Karnak a i ʻole ʻaʻole, no ka mea he nui ka poʻe i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka mokupuni ma kahi o 1929.
Loaʻa nā moʻo nahesa ma nā kahakai kahakai, nā wai wai a me nā kahawai, kahi e hana pinepine ai lākou i wahi huli holoholona. Hiki i nā wahi kahi e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai nui ke kākoʻo i nā lehulehu. Pili pinepine kēia ʻano me nā wahi kai e like me nā kahawai, nā wai wai, nā kahawai, nā loko wai, nā wai wai a me nā kahawai. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i nā wahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui e like me ka nāhelehele, keu hoʻi ma kahi o ka wai a me ka uhi mauʻu.
E hūnā nā nahesa Tiger ma lalo o ka wahie i heleleʻi, i nā lau nahele hohonu, a i nā lua holoholona i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia. ʻAʻole like me ka nui o nā moʻo Nuhōlani ʻē aʻe, maikaʻi nā nahesa tiger i ka piʻi ʻana i nā kumulāʻau ʻelua a me nā hale i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, a ua loaʻa a 10 m ma luna o ka honua. ʻO ke kiko kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka ʻilikai kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai nā moʻo kika ma Tasmania ma kahi o 1000 m.
He aha ka ʻai a ka nahesa tiger?
Kiʻi: nahesa Tiger i ke kūlohelohe
Hoʻokomo kēia mau mea kolo i nā pūnana manu a piʻi i nā lāʻau a i 8 m kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kahi hōʻailona maikaʻi o ke kū ʻana o kahi nahesa tiger ka leo hoʻopilikia o nā manu liʻiliʻi e like me nā nuku pōkole a me nā manu melliferous. E hoʻohana nā nāhesa tiger ʻōpio i ka contraction e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā moʻo skink e hakakā ana, kahi e hana i ka meaʻai nui no nā moʻo liʻiliʻi.
ʻImi nui lākou i ka mea pio i ke ao, akā e ʻimi no lākou i ka meaʻai i nā ahiahi mehana. ʻImi ʻoluʻolu kēia mau mea kolo i ka meaʻai ma lalo o ka wai a hiki ke noho ma laila ma kahi o 9 mau minuke. Ke piʻi nei ka nui o ka nahesa, piʻi pū ka awelika o ka mea pio, akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa kēia hoʻonui ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā nahesa nui e hōʻole i nā mea ʻai liʻiliʻi, inā ʻaʻole loaʻa ka meaʻai nui, hiki ke māʻona ka moʻo kika me kahi lālā liʻiliʻi o ka holoholona.
I ka nahelehele, he nui nā ʻano lau ʻai a nā moʻo kika, e like me:
- rana;
- nā moʻo;
- nahesa uuku;
- manu;
- iʻa;
- keiki hānai;
- mammal liʻiliʻi;
- kalaiwa.
Ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻōpeʻapeʻa i loko o ka ʻōpū o kahi hōʻike loea i hoʻokahi hale hōʻikeʻike, e hōʻike ana i ka hiki i ka nahesa tiger ke piʻi i luna. Ua loaʻa nā invertebrates i loko o ka ʻōpū o nā moʻo kika, akā hiki ke lawe ʻia ma ke ʻāpana o ke kino. ʻO nā ʻauhau ʻē aʻe e like me nā ʻūhini a me nā mu e pau paha i ka ʻai ʻia. Aia kekahi hōʻike o ka ʻai kai ma waena o nā moʻo hihiu hihiu. Hoʻopaʻa koke ʻia nā mea loot a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia e ka lāʻau make ikaika, i kekahi manawa kaomi ʻana iā ia.
ʻIke ʻia nā nahesa makua e hoʻohana ai i ka compression o ka mea pio nui. He mea ʻaihue nui lākou o nā rodents i hoʻolauna ʻia a ʻoluʻolu e komo i nā lua o nāʻiole, nā ʻiole a me nā lāpaki paha i ka ʻimi ʻana i kā lākou mea pio. Ma kekahi mau mokupuni kūwaho, ʻai nā nāhesa nāika tiger ma luna o nā moʻo liʻiliʻi, a laila kuapo i nā pīpī petrel hina ke kokoke lākou i ke oʻo. Ma muli o ka palena o kēia mau kumuwaiwai, ikaika ka hoʻokūkū a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau moʻo ma mua o hoʻokahi pākēneka. ʻAi ʻia ʻo Carrion i kekahi manawa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: nahesa Tiger
Lilo nā nahesa Tiger i ka wā hoʻoilo, hoʻi i loko o nā lua rodent, nā lāʻau hollow a me nā ʻōpala, ma lalo o nā pōhaku nui a hiki ke kolo i ka hohonu o 1.2 m lalo o ka honua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou e iho ana i ka lā i nā lā hoʻoilo mahana. Loaʻa pinepine nā pūʻulu o nā nahesa ʻōpio he 26 ma ka wahi like, akā noho lākou ma laila no 15 mau lā, a ma hope iho e kolo aku ai lākou i kahi ʻē, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka holoholo ʻana o nā kāne.
ʻO ka nui o ka nahesa, ka hana kūpale kūpikipiki a me ka mea ʻawaʻawa nui e hoʻoweliweli loa i nā kānaka. ʻOiai mālie a makemake ʻo ia e pale i ka hakakā, hōʻike ka moʻo kika tiger i kahi hoʻoweliweli ma ka mālama ʻana i mua o ka maka i kahi piʻo paʻa, manuahi, e hāpai iki ana i kona poʻo i ka mea hana hewa. E uē ʻo ia me ka leo nui, hoʻāhu a hoʻowahāwahā i kona kino, a inā e hoʻonāukiuki hou aku, e ʻū ʻo ia a nahu nui.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: hana ʻia nā mea make ʻona loa i nā nui. Hoʻopili ia i ka ʻōnaehana waena, akā kumu ia i ka hōʻino ʻana o nā mākala a pili i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko. Hiki i ka haki ʻana o nāʻiʻo o ke kino ke alakaʻi i ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hakuʻala.
He neurotoxic a me ka coagulant nui ka ʻawa nahesa, a ʻo ka mea i nahu ʻia e ka nahesa Tiga e ʻike koke i ke kauka. Ma waena o 2005 a me 2015, ua helu nā moʻo nāhesa he 17% o nā mea nahu nahu i ʻike ʻia ma ʻAukekulia, me nā make ʻehā o 119 mau mea i nahu ʻia. ʻO nā hōʻailona nahu me ka ʻeha kūloko i ka wāwae a me ka ʻāʻī, ʻūlū, numbness, a me ka sweating, a ukali ʻia e nā pilikia hanu a me ka palu koke.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Nahesa tiger ʻawahia
Hiki i nā kāne ke oʻo me ka nui o 500 g, a ʻo nā wahine me ka nui o 325 g. I ka hoʻomaka o ka wā hānau, komo nā kāne i ke kaua, kahi e hoʻāʻo ai kēlā me kēia moho ʻelua e kaomi kekahi i kekahi me ko lākou mau poʻo, a ʻo ka hopena, hoʻopili ʻia nā kino o nā moʻo. ʻO ka hana moekolohe ma kēia mau mea kolo he sporadic i loko o ke kauwela a me nā kiʻekiʻe i ka hopena o Ianuali a me Pepeluali. Hiki i nā māhoe ke hala i 7 mau hola; huki ka wahine i ke kāne i kekahi manawa. ʻAʻole ʻai nā kāne i nā wā o ka moekolohe. Hoʻomaha nā wahine i ka ʻai ʻana he 3-4 mau pule ma mua o ka hānau ʻana.
He mea hoihoi: he mau holoholona viviparous kēia. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka nui o nā pua wahine i nā ʻōpio he 126. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui he 20 - 60 mau keiki ola. ʻO ka helu o nā pēpē e pili pinepine i ka nui o ke kino wahine.
ʻO nā moʻo Tiger mai nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi he liʻiliʻi a hana i nā keiki liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā keiki o ka moʻo kika 215 - 270 mm. Hānau nā wahine i nā keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua i ka ʻoi. ʻAʻohe hopohopo makuahine ma waena o nā moʻo hihi. ʻAʻole lākou i lilo i mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka wā hānau, akā ʻo ka moʻo nahesa e nānā ana i ka wahine e nānā paha i nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Maikaʻi ka male ʻana ma ka hopena o ke kau no nā lihi hema, e ʻae ana iā lākou e hoʻomaka i ka hānau ʻana ma mua o ka puna. Ma ka mokupuni nui o Tasmania, hiki i ka moekolohe a ʻehiku mau hola. Hiki i nā wahine wahine ikaika ke noho ma ke ʻano noho, me hoʻokahi wahine kaumaha ma Tasmania e noho ana ma kona home no 50 mau lā. I ke komohana hema o Australia, hānau nā wahine wahine i nā pēpē mai ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ka waena o ke kauwela (Malaki 17 - Mei 18).
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā moʻo kika
Kiʻi: Nahesa Tiga mai ʻAukekulia
Ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia, hoʻoponopono pololei nā nahesa tiger i ko lākou kino a hāpai i ko lākou mau poʻo mai ka honua i ka pose kahiko ma mua o ka hahau ʻana. Ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia, hiki ke hoʻopololei nui ʻia ka ʻāʻī a me ke kino luna, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻili ʻeleʻele ma waena o nā unahi nui a semi-glossy. ʻO nā mea hōʻino kaulana no nā moʻo tiger ke komo pū me: Cryptophis nigrescens (kahi ʻano moʻo o ka nahesa hopena) a me kekahi mau manu manu lele e like me shrikes, hawk, manu ʻimi holoholona, ibises, a me kookabaras.
ʻIke leʻaleʻa: Ma kekahi o nā noiʻi i mālama ʻia ma ka mokupuni ʻo Karnak, ua makapō ka hapanui o nā moʻo tiger ma ka maka hoʻokahi ma 6.7% o nā hihia, a ma nā maka ʻelua i 7.0%. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana e nā ʻōpua pūnana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole predation iā ia iho, hoʻonui ia i ka hei o nā nahesa e nā mea ʻimi holoholona holoholona laha ʻole a no laila e hoʻonui ana i ka likelika o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e hopu iā lākou.
Ua hoʻomāinoino nui ʻia nā moʻohesa Tiger e nā kānaka i ka wā i hala a make mau ʻia i nā hoʻokui. Nui pū kekahi i hāʻule i nā kaʻa ma ke ala. Hoʻohana ka moʻo kika i ka lāʻau make e luku i kāna mea pio a hiki ke nahu i ka mea hoʻomake. He mea lohi a akahele hoʻi i ka hopu holoholona hiki ke kū mālie, ka hilinaʻi ʻana i kona kūlana hoʻoweliweli e hoʻoweliweli nei.
E like me ka nui o nā nahesa, hilahila nā moʻo kika ma mua a laila bluff a hoʻouka me he ala hope loa. Ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia, e hoʻoponopono ka nahesa tiger i kona ʻāʻī, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe aʻe i kona poʻo i ka makaʻu e like me ka hiki. Inā hoʻomau ka hoʻoweliweli, hana pinepine ka nahesa i ka pā ma ka hana ʻana i kahi mea pāhū a i ʻole "ʻako" i ka manawa like. E like me ka nui o nā moʻo, ʻaʻole nahu nā tarika ke hoʻonāukiuki ʻole.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: nahesa Tiger
ʻIke ʻia nā nahesa he ʻaihue a, a ʻo kahi hopena, ua wehewehe pololei ʻia kekahi mau heluna maoli i ka wā lōʻihi. Ua mālama ʻia kahi lehulehu e nānā ana i nā nāhesa tiger (scutatus) ma ka mokupuni ʻo Karnak. He mokupuni liʻiliʻi ʻo ia (16 ha) ma ke kahakai o Australia Komohana. Hōʻike nā koho heluna kanaka he kiʻekiʻe loa ka mānoanoa o nā nahesa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau nahesa makua ma ka hekeka.
Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia kahi ʻano predators kiʻekiʻe e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo nā hake a nā mākua e hānai nui nei i nā manu pūnana e hoʻouluulu i nā kolone nui ma Karnak a hānai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka helu makahiki o ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o ke kino i ka hapanui o nā kānaka e hōʻike ana i ka loaʻa nui o ka meaʻai ma ka mokupuni. ʻOkoʻa loa ka lakio wahine, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o ka nui o nā wahine.
ʻIke hoihoi: ʻoi aku ka emi o ka piʻi ʻana o ka biomass ma mua i nā wahine makua ma mua o nā kāne, ʻoiai ʻo nā loli makahiki i ke kaumaha o ke kino e like me nā kāne ʻelua. ʻO ia paha ma muli o ke kumukūʻai nui o ke koina o ka hānau ʻana i ʻike ʻia e nā wahine.
Hoʻoweliweli ka Flinders Ridge subpopulation e ka overgrazing, kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ka nohona, ka lepo o ka lepo, ka hoʻohaumia wai, nā ahi a me nā pohō o nā meaʻai. ʻIke ʻia kēia subpopulation ma Mount Wonderful National Park, South Australia.
Pale pale nahesa
Kiʻi: Nahesa Tiga mai ka puke Red
ʻO ka hoʻomohala nui ʻana o nā ʻāina wai ma nā kahakai kahakai o Australia Komohana ke hōʻemi nui nei i ka helu o kēia ʻano. Palekana nā subpopulation ma ka Māla a me nā mokupuni ʻo Karnak ma muli o ko lākou wahi kaʻawale. Ua hōʻole nā lehulehu ma ka moku ʻo Sydney, no ka nalowale paha o ka nohona a me ka meaʻai. Loaʻa i nā mea hiki ke hele mai nā pōpoki, nā ʻalopeke a me nā ʻīlio, kahi hopena i ka helu o nā moʻo kika.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: pale ʻia nā nahesa Tiger ma nā moku āpau o ʻAukekulia, a hiki iā ʻoe ke uku i $ 7,500 no ka luku ʻana a hōʻeha paha, a ma kekahi mau mokuʻāina, paʻahao ʻia no 18 mau mahina. Kapu ʻole hoʻi i ka lawe aku i ka nahesa Nūhōlani.
ʻO ka subpopulation, i kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o Notechis scutatus serventyi ma nā Mokupuni Chappell, he palena palena kona a ua helu ʻia ʻo Vulnerable ma Tasmania e ka IUCN. ʻO ka helu ʻo Frides Ridge (Notechis ater ater) i helu pū ʻia me Vulnerable (Commonwealth, IUCN).
Hiki i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ke kō ke kō ke hiki ke hoʻopili i kēia ʻano, no ka mea, he mea nui nā rana i ka papaʻai o ka nahesa. Pono e noiʻi hou e pili ana i nā hopena o kēia laha, akā naʻe, he moʻo nahelehele hema loa ia a ʻaʻole paha e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka overlap me ka hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia o ke kō. Nahesa Tiger He loulou nui ia i loko o nā holoholona o Nūhōlani, kahi mau ʻano e pono ai ke kōkua o nā hui kūwaho e mālama i ko lākou lehulehu.
Ka lā paʻi: Iune 16, 2019
Lā hou: 09/23/2019 ma 18:38