ʻAno iʻa rotan he mea ʻokoʻa iki, ʻo ka hapa nui o kona kino i hana ʻia i poʻo nui a waha nui, ʻaʻole ia no ka mea ʻole i kapa ʻia ai ka mea ahi. I ka poʻe he nui, ʻaʻole nani ka helehelena o ka rotan, akā hiki i kona mau ʻono ke hoʻokūkū i nā iʻa hanohano ʻē aʻe. E hoʻāʻo e maopopo i nā nuances a pau o ke ola o kēia iʻa predator, e hōʻike ana i kona hiʻohiʻona, nā ʻano a me nā ʻano.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Rotan
ʻO Rotan kahi iʻa iʻa iʻa ʻia e ka ʻohana ahi, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea e hōʻike ana i ka ʻano o ka wahie. ʻO Rotan kahi iʻa like me ka perch, kapa ʻia ia he mauʻu a wahie paha. Ma kahi kokoke i ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi inoa e like me ka Amur goby i kēia iʻa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻano like ke ʻano o ka rotan me ka bipi, akā he hewa ke kāhea ʻana iā ia, no ka mea ʻaʻohe mea e pili ai i ko lākou ʻohana.
ʻAʻole nui ka poʻe i ʻike pehea e ʻike ai i kahi goby mai kahi rotan, no laila he mea kūpono ke kau ʻana i kēia. Aia nā ʻokoʻa i nā pūnana pelvic: i ka mauʻu pili lākou, pōʻai a liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai i ka goby ua ulu pū lākou i hoʻokahi mea hānai nui.
Lawe ʻia ʻo Rotana mai ka Hikina mai. Ma ke ʻano maoli, ua aʻa ʻo ia i loko o nā kūlana hou, maoli, i ka noho ʻana i nā waihona wai he nui, me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Ua hana ʻia paha ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka wahie, ʻaʻohe pono i ka meaʻai, e ʻōlelo paha kekahi, no ka hoʻokae ʻole, he mea kupaianaha loa ka ikaika o kēia iʻa. Inā ʻaʻohe iʻa predatory ʻē aʻe i loko o ka waihona wai, a laila hiki i nā rotans voracious ke lime roach, dace a me ke ʻāpala crusian hoʻi. Kohu mea lā, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai lākou nā ʻāʻalā ola.
Video: Rotan
Hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo Rotana e kona poʻo nui a me kona waha kūpilikiʻi nui, noho lākou ma kahi o ka hapakolu o ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka iʻa. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ʻo Rotan i ka hoʻopā, no ka mea uhi ʻia kona kino holoʻokoʻa me ka mauʻu, kahi e hoʻopuka pinepine ai i kahi ʻaʻala ʻoluʻolu ʻole. Ma ka laulā, ʻaʻole nui kēia iʻa i ka nui, ke kau nei kahi rotan maʻamau ma kahi o 200 gram. Kākaʻikahi loa nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kaupaona ʻana o ka hapalua kilogram.
Hiki ke huikau ʻo Rotana me kahi goby, akā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ia mai nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, he ʻano ʻokoʻa kona, i nā hiʻohiʻona a mākou e hoʻāʻo ai e ʻike.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Iʻa Rotan
Nui loa ke kino o ka rotan, kīkē ʻia i lalo, ʻaʻole liʻuliʻu; i ka hoʻohui i ka mucus, uhi paʻa ʻia me nā unahi kaulike.
He loli loa ke kala o ka rotan, akā lanakila kēia mau leo:
- ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo;
- ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele;
- ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele;
- ʻeleʻele (i nā kāne i ka wā hānau).
I loko o kahi loko iʻa me ke one o lalo, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kala o ka Amur hiamoe ma mua o ka noho ʻana i nā wai pulu. I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, huli ʻeleʻele nā kāne (ʻaʻole ia no ka mea ʻole i kapa ʻia lākou he "kapuahi ahi"), a ʻo nā wahine, ma ke ʻano ʻē, e māmā i ke kala.
ʻO ke kala o ka ahi ahi ʻaʻole ia he monochromatic, he ʻano māmā kona ʻano a me nā kaha liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka ʻōpū o ka iʻa ʻane ʻane mau ka lepo ʻeleʻele i ke kala. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka iʻa mai 14 a 25 cm, a ʻo ka nui nui a hiki i ka hapalua kilokilo, ʻoiai he kakaikahi loa kēia, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ʻo Amur ka mea hiamoe ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi (ma kahi o 200 g).
ʻO kahi poʻo nui a nui me ka waha nui, i mākaukau me nā niho e like me ka liʻiliʻi e like me nā nila, he kāleka kipa o kēia mea lawaiʻa iʻa. Ma ke ala, hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā niho o ka wahie i kekahi mau lālani, a hoʻolōʻihi iki ʻia ka iwi ā lalo. Hiki iā lākou (nā niho) ke hoʻololi i nā mea hou i nā wā maʻamau. Hoʻonohonoho haʻahaʻa ʻia nā maka maka o ka iʻa (pono ma ka lehelehe luna loa). Ma ka operculum aia kahi ʻōiwi-kaʻina e nānā ana i hope, ʻo ia ke ʻano o nā perch-like. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka rotan kona palupalu, nā kākalaioa kākalaioa.
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻelua palaka ma ka pali o ka Amur hiamoe, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hope. Pōkole ka fin anal o ka iʻa, a nui a pōʻai ʻia nā ʻāpana pectoral. Ua poepoe pū ʻia ka huelo o ka wahie, he ʻelua mau peʻapeʻa liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻōpū.
Ma hea e noho ai ʻo Rotan?
Kiʻi: Rotan i loko o ka wai
I ka manawa mua, he palapala ʻae paʻa mau ko rotan ma ka Hikina hikina o ko mākou ʻāina, ma Kōlea ʻĀkau a ma ka ʻākau hikina o Kina, a laila ʻike ʻia i loko o ka wai o Lake Baikal, kahi i lawe ʻia e nā ʻepekema e like me ka haumia o ke kai. I kēia manawa ua pālahalaha nui ke ahi ahi i nā wahi āpau, mahalo i kona ahonui, unpretentiousness, hiki ke noho me ka ʻole o oxygen no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano mahana a me nā loli, a me ka hiki ke noho i nā wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia.
Loaʻa ʻo Rotan ma nā panalāʻau o ko mākou ʻāina i nā waihona wai like ʻole:
- nā loko;
- nā muliwai;
- nā loko iʻa;
- waihona wai;
- ʻāina pulu.
I kēia manawa hiki ke hopu ʻia ka rotan ma Volga, Dniester, Irtysh, Ural, Danube, Ob, Kama, Styr. Lawe ka firemand i kahi wai nani i nā wai wai, ma waena o lākou e kū ai i ka wā o nā kahawai. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia i nā kahe wikiwiki, makemake i ka wai stagnant, kahi iʻa ʻole o nā iʻa predatory ʻē aʻe.
Aloha ʻo Rotan i nā wai lepo ʻeleʻele, kahi e nui ai nā mea kanu. I kēlā mau wahi kahi e noho ai nā mea ʻino e like me ka pīkī, asp, perch, catfish e ola nei i ka nui, ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ʻo Amur sleeper, ʻo kāna helu aia he mea nui loa ʻole, a i ʻole ʻaʻole loa kēia iʻa.
I ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi kāne i rotans i loko o nā kino wai aia ma ka panalāʻau o St. Petersburg, a laila noho nui lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Eurasia, Rusia a me nā ʻāina like ʻole o ʻEulopa. Ma nā panalāʻau o ko mākou ʻāina, holo ka wahi o ka rotan mai ka palena me Kina (Urgun, Amur, Ussuri) a hiki i Kaliningrad ponoʻī, nā kahawai ʻo Neman a me Narva a me Lake Peipsi.
He aha ka meaʻai a rotan?
Kiʻi: Rotan
He mea ʻaihue ʻo Rotans, akā nui nā mea ʻai a manuahi hoʻi, hoʻolilo ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻOi loa ka maka o nā ahi ahi, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi mea pio e neʻe nei mai kahi mamao aku. ʻIke i kahi mea hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia, ʻo Amur ka mea hiamoe e hāhai mālie iā ia, me nā kū liʻiliʻi, e kōkua ana iā ia iho me nā ʻili liʻiliʻi i kau ʻia ma ka ʻōpū.
Ma kahi alualu, loaʻa i ka rotan ka mālie nui a me ka like, e holo mālie ana a me ke ana ʻana, me he mea lā e noʻonoʻo ana i ka mea e lawe ai, a ʻo kāna akamai ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokuʻu iā ia. ʻAi mua nā hua o rotan i ka plankton, a laila liʻiliʻi i nā invertebrates a me nā benthos, e hoʻomaka mālie e hānai e like me nā ʻōpio makua.
He ʻokoʻa loa ka papa kuhikuhi rotan makua, ʻaʻole ʻo ia makemake i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi meaʻai māmā:
- iʻa liʻiliʻi;
- nā lepe;
- nā ʻāpana kolu;
- rana;
- keiki hānai.
ʻAʻole hōʻole nā mauʻu i ka caviar a me nā ʻai o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, kahi e hoʻopōʻino pinepine ai i kāna holoholona. I nā waihona wai ʻuʻuku, kahi i loaʻa ʻole nā mea ʻe aʻe, hoʻopuka koke ka rotan a hiki ke lime i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, kahi makemake ʻole nā lawaiʻa iā ia. Mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā lanahu a me nā ʻano o ke kalai, e ʻai ana me ka leʻaleʻa.
ʻO Rotan, pinepine, ʻai me ke ana ʻole, ka omo ʻana i nā pio i nā nui he nui. Hiki i kona waha nui ke hoʻopaʻa i ka iʻa, ka nui e kūlike. ʻO ka momona momona ʻoi loa ka momona o ka nui, a laila hāʻule ia i lalo a hiki ke noho ma laila no kekahi mau lā, e ʻeli ana i ka mea āna i ʻai ai.
E ulu pono ka Cannibalism ma waena o rotans, ke ʻai ka poʻe nui i kā lākou mau hoa liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomohala ʻia kēia hanana kahi e nui ai kēia iʻa.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia i kekahi manawa e hoʻolauna kūikawā ʻia ka rotan i loko o kahi waihona wai i mālama nui ʻia. ʻO kahi laʻana, i loko o ka loko iʻa, kahi i hoʻomāhuahua ai a wili ʻia ai ke kāpena kolio, hoʻemi ʻia ka heluna kanaka o Amur, a laila kōkua i ka iʻa i koe e ulu i kahi nui kaumaha. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he unpretentious ka rotan i ka meaʻai a ʻai ʻaneʻane i nā mea āpau i hopu ʻia, ʻai maoli i ka iwi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Iʻa Rotan
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Rotana he mea hana, ʻaneʻane kokoke pōloli, a no laila he predator huhū. Me he mea lā hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i nā mea āpau, a me nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ke ola ʻana. Kupaianaha wale ka unpretentiousness a me ke ahonui o ka rotan. Noho mau ʻo Rotan a hiki i ka paʻa ʻana o ka loko i lalo. Hoʻomanawanui ʻo ia i nā wā maloʻo loa me ka kūleʻa. Hōʻalo kēia iʻa kupaianaha i kahi kahe wikiwiki wale nō, makemake i nā wahi mehameha, ulu nui, kūpikipiki, pinepine i nā wai pohō me kahi lepo lepo.
Ke hana nei ʻo Rotan i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa a hoʻomau i ka hopu ʻia i ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela. Lanakila ka pololi iā ia i nā anilā, hoʻemi iki kona makemake i ka wā hānau. Inā i ke kau anuanu he nui nā mea ʻino e hana i nā hipa a hele e ʻimi i nā wahi mehana, a laila ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka rotan i kēia hana. Hoʻomau ʻo ia e alualu hoʻokahi. ʻO nā hau hauʻeha loa loa, e alakaʻi ana i ka paʻa ʻana o ka waihona wai, hiki ke hoʻokuʻi i nā rotans e hui pū i mea e ola ai.
ʻAʻohe pele i hoʻopuni ʻia e like me kēlā ʻohana, no ka mea hūnā ka iʻa i nā mea kūikawā e pale aku iā ia mai ka hau, hāʻule i loko o kahi weliweli (hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke ʻano animala), e kū ana me ka hoʻomehana mua, a laila hoʻi ka rotan i ke ola maʻamau. I kekahi manawa i ka wā hoʻoilo hoʻoilo e iho i loko o ka silt a noho mau ʻole no nā mahina. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e ka rotan inā loaʻa ka maloʻo nui, ʻaʻole ma lalo wale o kahi papa o ka silt, akā i loko o kahi capsule o kā lākou iho ponoʻī, e kōkua ai iā lākou e ola i nā pōʻino kūlohelohe.
ʻAʻole makaʻu nā ʻano haumia āpau i nā rotan, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ka hopena o ka chlorine a me ka amonia iā lākou. I ka wai lepo loa, ʻaʻole lākou e ola wale nō, akā hoʻomau pū kekahi me ka kūleʻa. He mea kupaianaha ke ola o ka Amur hiamoe, i kēia mea, ua pīhoihoi ʻo ia i ka carp crossian unpretentious. Hiki iā Rotan ke noho ma kahi o ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki, akā maʻamau ka lōʻihi o kona ola mai 8 a 10 mau makahiki. ʻO kēia kahi predator poʻo nui, kū hoʻokahi a ʻano ʻē.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Little rotan
Hele kokoke ka rotan makua i ka makahiki ʻekolu; lele i Mei-Iulai. I kēia manawa, hoʻololi ʻia nā wahine a me nā kāne ʻelua: pena ʻia ke kāne i ke kala ʻeleʻele hanohano, kū aʻe kahi ulu ma kona lae ākea, a ʻo ka wahine, ʻokoʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kala māmā i hiki ke ʻike maʻalahi ʻia i ka wai turbid. Hiki i nā pāʻani mare ke mau no kekahi mau lā.
I mea e hoʻomaka ai ka rotan i ka hana hou ʻana, pono e mahana ka wai mai 15 a 20 mau kekelē me kahi hōʻailona hoʻohui.
ʻO ka helu o nā hua manu i hānau ʻia e hoʻokahi wahine a hōʻea i hoʻokahi tausani. He kala melemele kā lākou a me kahi ʻano elongated, hoʻolako ʻia me ka wāwae wili paʻa e hoʻopaʻa pono ai i nā mea kanu wai, nā lāʻau driftwood, nā pōhaku e moe ana i lalo. No ka lawaiʻa ʻana, koho ka wahine i kahi wahi kaʻawale e hiki ai i ka nui o ka palai ke hiki ke ola. Lilo ke kāne i kahu mālama pono, e pale ana i nā hua mai ke komo hewa ʻana o nā mea makemake ʻino ʻole.
Ke ʻike nei i ka ʻenemi, hoʻomaka ʻo rotan e hakakā, e hoʻomoe iā ia me kona lae nui. Minamina, ʻaʻole hiki i ka rotan ke pale aku i kāna mau keiki e hiki mai ana mai nā predators a pau. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kāohi me ka perch nui. Ma waho aʻe o nā kuleana pale, hana ke kāne ma ke ʻano he peʻahi, ke kī ʻana i nā hua me nā peʻa, no ka mea makemake lākou i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka oxygen ma mua o nā kānaka oʻo. No laila, hana ʻia kahi kahe a puni lākou, a hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen.
ʻOiai ka manaʻo nui o ke kāne me ka luhi ʻole e pili ana i nā hua, ke ʻike ʻia nā keiki mai iā lākou, hiki iā ia ke ʻai iā ia iho me ka ʻole o ka lunamanaʻo, wehewehe ʻia kēia e ka hakakā no ke ola o ka mea maʻalahi a me ka hana o ka cannibalism i waena o nā rotans. He mea pono ke nānā aku i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hiki i ka mauʻu ke noho i nā ʻano wai paʻakai iki, akā e hoʻoulu wale i nā wai wai kai. ʻIke koke ʻia ka predatory o Amur sleeper, i ka lima o ka lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka ka larvae e hānai iā zooplankton, e hoʻonui mālie nei i ka nui o kā lākou mea pio a hoʻololi i ka papaʻai o nā mākua.
Hū ka mea ulu i loko o ka ulu hohonu o ka wai, no ka mea manaʻo lākou hiki ke lilo i meaʻai māmā no nā mea ʻaihue ʻē aʻe wale nō, akā no nā ʻohana pili loa pū kekahi, me ko lākou mau mākua.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o rotan
Kiʻi: Iʻa Rotan
ʻOiai ʻo ka rotan ponoʻī he predatiable a hana mau i ka predator, he ʻenemi hoʻi kona a ʻaʻole hiamoe. Aia i waena o lākou ka pike, ka iʻa, kēkahi, asp, perch, puhi, pike perch a me nā iʻa predatory ʻē aʻe. I kēlā mau waihona kahi i loaʻa ai kekahi o nā mea ʻaihue i helu ʻia, ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ʻo Amur mea hiamoe a ʻaʻole nui loa kāna helu, ma kēia mau wahi ʻaʻole ulu ka mea ahi ma mua o ʻelua haneli mau gram.
Mai poina hauʻoli ka rotan iā lākou iho e hauʻoli kekahi i kekahi, e hana ana ma ke ʻano he ʻenemi o ko lākou ʻohana ponoʻī. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo nā hua a me ka hua o ka rotan ka mea maʻalahi loa, i lawelawe pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he meaʻai māmā no nā ʻano wai beetles āpau, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pepelu predator, a paʻakikī hoʻi no nā iʻa oʻo e kūpale.
ʻOiai, i waena o nā ʻenemi o rotan, hiki i kekahi ke kapa i kahi kanaka nāna e ʻimi wale iā ia me ka lāʻau lawaiʻa, akā hoʻāʻo nō hoʻi e lawe iā ia mai nā waihona he nui, kahi i ulu nui ai ka rotan. ʻEha ka nui o nā iʻa kalepa i ka rotan, kahi hiki ke hoʻoneʻe loa iā lākou mai ka ʻāina i noho ʻia. No laila, ke hana nei nā loea i nā ana like ʻole e hōʻemi i ka helu o ka rotan i loko o kahi waihona wai, no laila e pale ana i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo nā ʻepekema inā ʻaʻole ana e ana i kēia mea, a laila ʻaʻohe mea e lawaiʻa ai me ka lāʻau lawaiʻa koe wale nō ka rotan.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Rotan
Nui ka lehulehu o ka rotan, a ua hoʻonui ka wahi o kāna noho ʻana a hiki i kēia manawa ke loaʻa ka mea ahi i nā wahi like ʻole. Hōʻike ʻia kēia e ka unpretentiousness, hoʻomanawanui a me ka ikaika nui o kēia predator voriful. I kēia manawa ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo rotan i waena o nā iʻa weuweu e hoʻoweliweli i nā holoholona o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe (ʻoi aku ka waiwai, ʻoihana). Ua hoʻonui nui ʻo Rotan i kēia manawa e ʻimi nei nā ʻepekema i nā ala hou a maikaʻi e hōʻemi ai i kāna helu.
No ka hakakā ʻana i ka rotan, nā ana e like me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mea kanu i ʻoi aku ka nui, ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā hua manu i nā wahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka iʻa iʻa. No ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka rotan, hoʻohana ʻia nā pahele kūikawā a hoʻokumu ʻia nā kahua e hūnā ai hana ʻia, a hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ka mālama ʻana i nā kemika i nā waihona wai. ʻAʻole kūleʻa kekahi ʻano hana, no laila hoʻohana ʻia lākou i kahi ʻano paʻakikī i hiki ai ke ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻia ka hopena.
Kupanaha, akā ʻo ka nui o ka rotan kaohi i kahi ʻano ʻano like o ia me ka cannibalism. ʻO ka maʻa mau, kahi e nui ai nā ahi ahi, ʻaʻohe kokoke iʻa iʻa ʻē aʻe, no laila hoʻomaka ka poʻe mea ʻaihue e ʻai kekahi i kekahi, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ko lākou heluna kanaka. No laila, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli e pili ana i ke ola o Amur hiamoe, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻoweliweli ia i ka noho ʻana o nā iʻa kalepa he nui, no laila, ʻo nā poʻe i hoʻonohonoho ākea i kēia manawa e hakakā me ka luhi ʻole.
I ka hopena e koe ia e hoʻohui rotan i ka helehelena a me ka preprepossessing, he helehelena ke ʻano ʻole, akā he ʻono maikaʻi loa inā hoʻomākaukau ʻia e nā lima mākaukau a me ka ʻike. Makemake nā mea lawaiʻa he nui e ʻimi no ka rotan, no ka mea, ikaika mau ka nahu a hoihoi, a ʻono hoʻi ka ʻiʻo, momona momona a olakino hoʻi, no ka mea waiwai i nā mea momona waiwai nui a koʻikoʻi no kēlā me kēia kino kanaka.
Lā paʻi: 19.05.2019
Lā hou: 20.09.2019 ma 20:35
