He lunamakaʻāinana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻāpana Coleoptera ʻo ia relict lumberjack... He ʻano nui ko kēia kolo, mau koholā lōʻihi a me nā ʻano kūwaho hoʻomanaʻo ʻē aʻe i hoʻomanaʻo ʻole ʻia. Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka holoholona e pili ana i ka wanaʻao a me ke kino: he hale kahi lāʻau no nā lumberjacks, lawelawe i meaʻai na lākou. Hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe o kēia pepeke i kēia paʻi.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: mea ʻoki lāʻau
He mau inoa ʻē aʻe ko ka mea kālai lāʻau relict. Kāhea pinepine ʻia ia ʻo relict a i ʻole Ussuri barbel, ka mea kālai lāʻau Ussuri. I ka ʻōlelo Lākina, ua kapa ʻia ka holoholona ʻo Callipogon relictus. No ka ʻohana barbel ka lāʻau lumberjacks, ka prionin subfamily. He poʻe lunamakaʻāinana lākou o ka ʻoka nui o nā nalo. Ma Eurasia, ʻike ʻia kēia ʻenekū ʻo ia ka beetle nui loa.
Wikiō: Relic Lumberjack
ʻO ka mea kālai lāʻau relict kekahi o nā kamaʻāina "kahiko" loa ma ka honua. He mea hōʻike ʻo ia, he komo pololei i nā hoʻololi he nui i kū ma ka Honua i nā makahiki i hala aku nei. Kāhea kūpono ʻia ia "ke ʻano o ke au", "fossil ola". Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo ka Ussuri barbel ka nūnū tropical wale nō o ka genus Callipogon e noho ana ma ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, a me ʻApelika. Noho wale nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kēia genus i ʻAmelika.
Kū hoʻokahi ka mea kālai lāʻau no kāna kumu a me kāna mōʻaukala wale nō. ʻOkoʻa kēia beetle mai ke koena a me nā kumu hana. No laila, ʻaʻole ʻano maʻamau kāna buzzing no nā nalo, ʻano like ia me ka kani mau, kani nui.
Loaʻa i ka mea kālai lāʻau relict kekahi mau mea ʻokoʻa mai nā piʻo ʻē aʻe o kona ʻano. He laumania maoli ʻo ia, ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia nā ā luna o luna. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kua o ke kino. No kēia kumu, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka ʻumiʻumi waho ma mua o nā beetles ʻē aʻe o ka genus. Hoʻohui pū ʻia nā maka o ka holoholona ma ke kalaunu, a ma nā kaʻe o ka prothorax aia nā iwi kuihi ma kahi o nā notches.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Relict insect lāʻau ʻoki
ʻO ka Ussuri barbel ka pepeke nui loa ma Eurasia. Hiki i nā kāne ke lōʻihi i hoʻokahi haneli a me ka ʻumi mau mile, ʻaʻole ulu nā wahine ma mua o kanaiwa mile. ʻO ke ʻano o ka beetles - ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻeleʻele pitch. Pena ʻeleʻele hoʻi nā wāwae, a he brownish-chestnut ka elytra. ʻElua mau wahi kukui liʻiliʻi o ka mea kolo ma ka pronotum wale nō.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūwaho o nā beetles kahi ʻumiʻumi lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā antennae o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. I kekahi manawa ua ʻoi aku lākou i ka hapakolu o ka lōʻihi o ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka mandibles ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne. ʻO kā lākou nui he mau manawa i ka nui o ke poʻo o ke kāne. Forked ma ka hopena o ka mandible. Uhi ʻia ka iwi ā lalo a me ka lehelehe me ka manaʻo. He mānoanoa loa a me ka ʻalani ke kala. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o nā mandibles wahine ma mua o ke poʻo.
ʻO nā Ushuri longhorn he mau ʻeheu a me ke ahonui maikaʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke lele i kahi mamao. Eia naʻe, nānā ke kaʻina hoʻolele no lākou. Lele mālie nā kānaka nui, kū i nā pilikia i ka piʻina.
He convex kā ka mea kālai lāʻau relict, pronotum liʻiliʻi loa. He lōʻihi kona elytra, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka hapa lua. Aia nā kiko liʻiliʻi, hahau ma ka elytra. ʻOi aku nā kiko kikoʻī o nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka hahau ʻana o nā kāne.
Ma hea e noho ai ka mea kālai lāʻau relict?
Kiʻi: puke ʻulaʻula relic
ʻO ka Ussuri barbel kahi pepeke liʻiliʻi loa, ʻokoʻa ka barbel ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka wahi maoli o kēia holoholona ʻo Asia, ʻEulopa a me Lūkia. ʻO ka mea kālai lāʻau ʻoi loa i ka Russian Federation. ʻO ka palena komohana komohana o ka nohona aia ma ka moku Amur. ʻO ka helu nui loa o nā beetles i loaʻa ma kahi kokoke i ke kaona ʻo Raichikhinsk. Ua loaʻa kekahi mau kānaka i kēia mau wahi: Mazanovsky, Arkharinsky, Selemdzhinsky.
I nā helu liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻole ʻia kēia ʻano pepelu i nā waihona Norsk a me Khingansky. I kēia manawa ua kiaʻi nui ʻia ia ma nā panalāʻau o kēia mau waihona, no ka mea aia ka mea kālai lāʻau ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka make loa. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka wahi kūlohelohe e pili pū ana me ka Teritori ʻo Khabarovsk. Noho ma laila ka nalo i ka ʻākau o Khabarovsk, Primorsky Krai, ka Iudaio Kūʻē Kūʻāina. ʻO ka palena ʻākau o ia wahi aia ma ke kauhale o Ekimchan.
Ma nā panalāʻau o ka wahi kūlohelohe o ka relict lumberjack, nui nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o barbel e noho nei. Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai iā Callipogon relictus? ʻAʻole hūnā kēia mau nalo i nā antennae ma lalo o lākou iho, ʻokoʻa ko lākou ʻohana pili loa. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolei iā lākou ma hope o ke kua.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka nohona kūlohelohe o kēia holoholona nā teritore o Kōlea Hema, Kina ʻĀkau Hikina, a me ka DPRK. Ma laila, noho ka laha i nā ululāʻau nemoral.
He aha ka meaʻai a ka mea kālai lāʻau?
Kiʻi: mea ʻoki lāʻau relic ma Lūkia
Pili nā mea ʻoki lāʻau i ka nui loa o nā ʻenekia - ʻēheu ʻino. ʻO kā lākou inoa wale nō e ʻōlelo nui nei - pili ke ola a pau o kēia mau holoholona i ka lāʻau. Hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo Longhorn e kahi aloha kūikawā no broadleaf, i kekahi manawa nā lāʻau paina.
ʻO kā lākou papaʻai nā:
- kohu lāʻau;
- ʻili o nā lālā ʻōpio.
Makemake nā beetles makua e ʻahaʻaina i ka wai momona o ka elm, linden, birch, a me nā kumulāʻau ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa hoʻokomo ka papaʻai i ka pollen, nā lau, nā nila. ʻOiai ko lākou nui, ʻai liʻiliʻi nā longhorn makua. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hoʻolilo kēia mau mea ʻenekini i mau hola ʻokoʻa a puni. I ka pō, hoʻomaha lākou i nā hale malumalu, i kekahi manawa e ʻākoakoa i ka mālamalama.
Lawe pinepine ʻia nā lumberjacks a mālama ʻia i nā kūlana o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka ʻenekema i mea e hoʻihoʻi ai i kona heluna kanaka i kona kūlohelohe. ʻO ka pinepine, hāʻule nā wahine i ka lima o ka poʻe noiʻi. ʻOi aku lākou i ka lele, nā huakaʻi lōʻihi. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, hānai ʻia kēia beetles i ka syrup kō.
Loaʻa i ka barbel relict ka makemake "brutal" ʻoi loa i ka pae larval o ka ulu ʻana. Kūleʻa nui ka larvae. ʻAi lākou i ka wahie, kahi e noho ai lākou. Ma muli o kēia, lawe ka nalo i mea ʻino nui i nā mea kanu a me nā kānaka.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Hoʻopiʻi ka ʻenekoki i ka mea kālai lāʻau
ʻO ke ala o ke ola o kahi mea kālai lāʻau e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻelua: ka nohona, ke aniau. Noho ʻo Beetles kokoke i ka hema, i ka ʻākau, hoʻomaka e lele mai ka waena o Malaki. I nā wahi ʻē aʻe (Central Asian), hoʻomaka ka lele i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka hāʻule. ʻO ka piko o ka hana o kēia mau holoholona e hāʻule pinepine i ke ao. I ka pō, noho nā mea kolo i nā hale malumalu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻeleu lākou i ka pō, e ʻākoakoa i kahi mālamalama mālamalama.
Noho ka larvae i ko lākou ola āpau i ka wahie. Loaʻa ka hapa nui o lākou i nā kumu lāʻau mānoanoa. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka lehu, elm, linden, poplar. ʻAno liʻiliʻi, loaʻa lākou i nā birch, ʻoka, maple. ʻO ka poʻe mākua, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, noho i nā ululāʻau deciduous, a hiki ke lele mai kahi lāʻau a kahi lāʻau i kekahi mau manawa i ka lā.
Mai relict barbel "pailaka" ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. I ka wā o ka lele, kūpilikiʻi loa kēia mau mea kolo, pilikia lākou i kēia manawa ke hāpai ʻana mai kahi papamoe. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia clumsiness ka nui nui o ka nalo. ʻO ka nui o kēlā me kēia, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o kona lele. Hoʻololi hou ʻia nā wahine i nā lele. Liʻiliʻi lākou.
ʻOi aku ka ikaika a me ka ʻāʻī ikaika o nā beetles barbel relict. Hiki iā lākou ke nahu maʻalahi i kahi penikala. Eia nō naʻe, no nā kānaka, ʻaʻole pilikia kēia holoholona. ʻAʻole nahu ia, ʻoiai ʻoe e hopu i ka mea ʻoki lāʻau a paʻa i kou lima.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: mea ʻoki lāʻau
Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i ke kaʻina hana o ka relict lumberjack i nā pae:
- e ʻimi i kahi paʻa kūpono. Hoʻomaka ka wā moena i ka puna. E huki ai i nā kāne, hūnā nā wahine i kahi huna kūikawā;
- pālua ʻana. No nā pāʻani aloha, iho i lalo nā beetles ma lalo o kahi i hoʻolālā ai ka wahine e waiho hua. ʻO ke kaʻina moena holoʻokoʻa he kanakolu mau minuke. Ma hope o ka male ʻana, ʻaʻole lele koke ke kāne mai ka wahine. Hele pū ʻo ia me ia i kahi e waiho ai nā hua i ka wā e hiki mai ana;
- e waiho hua ana. Mālama kahi wahine lumberjack e waiho ma kahi o iwakāluakūmāwalu mau hua i ka manawa. Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou ma ke kumu o ka lāʻau forage. Aia ia i ka lāʻau i wae ʻia e ola ai ka larva, hoʻomohala a hānai ai.
Ma kahi o hoʻokahi lā ma hope o ke kau ʻana i nā hua, ka wahine, ke kāne e iho i ka honua. Ma laila lākou e make ai.
Paepae Larval. Ke hānau ka larvae, komo hohonu lākou i loko o ka ʻili o ka lāʻau. Ma laila lākou e neʻe ai. Hiki ke loaʻa nā larva he nui o nā makahiki ʻokoʻa i hoʻokahi kumulāʻau. Hiki i ka lāʻau like ke noho ʻia i mau manawa. I ka lāʻau forage, hibernate ka larva ma kahi o ʻeono mau manawa.
Pupation, hoʻolilo i makua. Kū pinepine ka loli i kahi pupa i ke kau kau - i ka wā o Iune-Iulai. Hoʻomohala ʻo Pupae ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina, i ka pau ʻana o ka manawa hiki lākou mai ke kanahiku a hoʻokahi haneli a me ka ʻumi mile.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka lictjacks lumberjacks
Kiʻi: Mea ʻoki lāʻau relic mai ka puke ʻulaʻula
ʻO nā ʻenemi ʻino loa o nā relictjacks lumberjacks, e like me nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kā lākou keʻena nui, he poʻe mea lāʻau. Hoʻopau maʻalahi kēia mau manu i nā larvae, nā hua manu, a i kekahi manawa nā mākua. ʻO ka pinepine, lilo nā nalo beetles i mau manu o nā manu ʻio a me nā holoholona. Hana ʻia kēia ma ke kokoke o nā pepelu i ka honua. Hoʻouka nā manu nui i nā nalo i ka lele.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia nā microorganism Parasitic he ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka barbel. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mites, nā bacteria ke alakaʻi i ka make koke o kahi beetle makua. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻonāwaliwali loa lākou i kona olakino, a make loa. ʻAʻole paha e lilo ka larvae i mau ʻenemi. Hūnā lākou i kahi hohonu i loko o kahi kumulāʻau, i nā ʻāpana mehameha.
ʻAʻohe o lākou hoʻouka ʻia a luku ʻia:
- nā parasites liʻiliʻi;
- ululāʻau;
- ʻūpā kik - nā holo lio;
- nā laha ʻē aʻe o nā nalo.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā beetles barbel ke hāʻule pinepine i ka poʻe ʻaihue, nā parasites, nā manu. ʻO ka hapanui make lākou i ka lima o ka poʻe. He kanaka hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o kēia holoholona. He mea kakaikahi loa ka mea ʻoki lāʻau, a ʻo kahi insekahi kū hoʻokahi. ʻAneʻane makemake nā mea ʻohiʻohi āpau, nā mea aloha i nā exotic iā ia. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ia holoholona ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele hiki i hoʻokahi tausani kālā. No kēia kumu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea ʻimi holoholona no ka beetle waiwai nui i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoiai ʻo ka mea i pāpā loa ʻia e ke kānāwai.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: holoholona ʻoki lāʻau relic
Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻohana barbel i ka nui. I kēia lā, ʻike ʻia ma mua o iwakālua tausani mau ʻano. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia lākou a puni ka honua, ko lākou heluna kanaka i ka nui ʻaʻole ia he hopohopo i waena o nā ʻepekema. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ka mea kālai lāʻau relict iā ia iho me he lāhui ʻaneʻane make; ua helu ʻia ʻo ia i loko o ka Red Book o nā mokuʻāina āpau nona ka ʻāina.
Ke emi wikiwiki nei ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau mea kolo ma nā ʻāina holoʻokoʻa o Rūsia. Nui nā kumu no ka hōʻemi wikiwiki ʻana i ka helu o nā beetles. ʻO ke kumu nui loa ka deforestation i kāohi ʻole ʻia i ka nohona kūlohelohe. Hoʻopau ka poʻe i nā kumulāʻau nui aʻe ma mua o kā lākou kanu. ʻAʻohe wahi lūlū lumberjack i kahi e hānau a ola ai.
ʻO ke kūlana hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau i nā ululāʻau e hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau ʻano ʻelala. Kūpilikiʻi nā kūlana kaiapuni. Hoʻohaumia ʻia nā ululāʻau, piha ka lepo i nā pesticides. Lawe kahi kāne i kahi ʻino nui e relict barbel. Luku maoli ka poʻe i kēia mau mea kolo, hopu iā lākou no kā lākou hōʻiliʻili ponoʻī a i ʻole no ke kūʻai aku. Luku ʻia nā beetles ma muli o ka hopena luku i ka lāʻau, nā ʻāina ʻōmaʻomaʻo. A ʻo ka hopu ʻana o nā holoholona e pili pū ana me kā lākou kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka mākeke, kū hoʻokahi.
Ka pale ʻana i nā lumberjacks relict
Kiʻi: ʻO ka mea ʻoki lāʻau Redic Book of Russia
ʻO ka Ussuri barbel ka laha liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana barbel. Noho nā heluna liʻiliʻi o kēia mea kolo i nā ʻano laulā, nā ʻano ulu like ʻole. I kēia lā, pale ʻia kēia ʻano pepeke e ke kānāwai. Ua helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book of Russia ma muli o ka emi nui ʻana o ka lehulehu i nā panalāʻau o ko lākou wahi maoli. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā nalo Longhorn i ka mahele ʻelua a ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano hāʻule ʻana i nā helu.
Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻepekema i nā kumu nui ʻekolu no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka helu o nā lumberjacks - he wao nahele ia, hopu pio ʻole ʻia o nā mākua e nā mea aloha exotic, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ululāʻau mai nā mea ʻino (nā mea ʻoki lāʻau e hōʻino ai i ka wahie).
ʻO ka hopena luku o kēia mau mea i alakaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻopau koke ʻana i nā nalo. I kēia lā, pale ʻia nā mea ʻoki lāʻau e ka kānāwai. Ma nā panalāʻau o kā lākou laulā kūlohelohe, kapu loa ʻia ka hopu ʻana a me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā nalo makua. Inā hōʻeha ʻia kēia lula, loaʻa i ke kanaka ka uku. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻokau ʻia nā longhorn i nā waihona Lūkini he nui, kahi e hiki ai i nā ʻepekema ke nānā i ko lākou heluna kanaka a me ke kiaʻi pono ʻana i ka hopu pio ʻole ʻia. Eia hou, ua hoʻomaka ke aupuni e kāohi i ka ululāʻau i mea e mālama ai i nā wahi noho o kēia mau mea kolo.
ʻO ka lictjack lumberjack kekahi o nā ʻano kū hoʻokahi o ka barbel, kahi lālā nui a nani hoʻi o nā nalo. Nā nui nui, ke ʻano poʻokela, ka ʻumiʻumi lōʻihi - hana kēia āpau i kēia ʻano kolo i kona ʻano. ʻAʻole kēia e haʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he "fossil" e ola nei. Minamina, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua emi nui ka helu o kēia mau nalo. Pono kēia mau mea i ka poʻe e hana i nā hana kūpono e pale ai i nā mea kālai lāʻau i ko lākou wahi maoli i ka wā hiki.
Lā paʻi: 04/26/2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 22:58
