ʻO ka kudu nui, a i ʻole nā antelope scorch-horned, kekahi o nā antelope kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua. Kū i waho kēia holoholona no kona hanohano i waena o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka laha. I nā poʻohiwi, hiki i kona ulu ʻana i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika, a hiki i nā pepeiaohao ʻākeʻakeʻa o ke kāne ke ulu a 120-150 kenimika.
Ka wehewehe o ka kudu nui
ʻO ke kino o ka mong nui nui mai ka ʻulaʻula a i ka polū a i ʻole ka hina hina. I nā heluna hema o ka laha, ua loaʻa nā kānaka ʻeleʻele. ʻEleʻele ke kala o nā kāne i ka makahiki. ʻAno like ke kala o nā ʻōpio me nā wahine. Ua māmā lākou i ke kala a ʻaʻohe o lākou pepeiaohao. Ma ke kua o ka kudu he ʻeono a he ʻumi mau laina keʻokeʻo kū i luna. ʻEleʻele ka huelo me kahi keʻokeʻo ma lalo. ʻO nā kāne, ʻaʻole like me nā wahine, he ʻumiʻumi keʻokeʻo.
ʻIke, nā ana
He holoholona nui ʻo Kudu antelope i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ko lākou ʻohana. Hiki i ke kāne ke piʻi i 1.5 mau mika ma kahi maloʻo a kaupaona ma luna o 250 kg. ʻOiai ka nui o kēia nui, loaʻa i kēia mau artiodactyls kahi māmā a me ke kino o ke kino, no laila ua kaulana lākou no ko lākou mākaukau nui i ka lele a me ka holo. ʻOiai ʻo ka antelope kudu kaumaha loa, ʻoiai e heʻe ana, hiki ke lele ma luna o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika pā o ka ʻāina mahiʻai a me nā mea kūpina ʻē aʻe i kona ala.
ʻO nā pepeiaohao o kahi bipi kudu makua he ʻelua mau kakaka ʻelua a me ka hapalua. Inā ʻoe e hoʻopololei i ke kaulike a ana iā lākou, a laila hiki maʻalahi ka lōʻihi i 120 kenimika. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka me nā curl piha ʻekolu i kekahi manawa, ʻo ka lōʻihi ke kū pololei i hiki i 187.64 kenimika.
ʻAʻole hoʻomaka nā pepeiaohao e ulu a hiki i ke kāne he 6-12 mau makahiki. Wili ʻia ka wili mua i ka makahiki o ʻelua, a hiki i ʻeono mau makahiki i hana ʻia ka ʻelua a me ka hapa like. Ua lawelawe lōʻihi nā pepeiaohao o ka Kudu antelope ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonaninani a me nā mea kani no nā kaiāulu kahiko o ʻApelika. ʻO ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia me ka shofar, ka pepeiaohao laulā Iudaio i puhi ʻia ma Rosh Hashanah. Hoʻohana ka holoholona iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mea pale pale a i ʻole he mea hoʻokalakupua i ke kaʻina hana e ʻumeʻume ai i kahi mea hiki ke hiki.
ʻO Kudu nā anelope nani nani. Ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ko lākou waha, ma waena o nā maka, ʻeleʻele e like me nā lānahu, aia kahi kaula keʻokeʻo. Nui nā pepeiao, hoʻonoho kiʻekiʻe, oval i ke ʻano me nā kihi kiko. Aia kahi kiko keʻokeʻo ma lalo o ka ihu, i nā kāne e huli ana i kahi ʻumiʻumi.
Ka nohona ola, hana
Noho nā wahine i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka manawa pinepine o 1-3 mau kānaka a me kā lākou keiki. I nā hihia kakaikahi, hiki i ka nui o ka poʻe i hoʻokahi puaʻa i 25-30 mau kānaka. ʻAʻohe kūlana hierarchical maopopo i kēia mau pūʻulu. I kekahi manawa hoʻohui nā hui wahine i nā mea nui aku, akā he manawa pōkole wale nō lākou.
Noho kaʻawale nā kāne mai nā wahine aku, i loko o nā pipi ʻōpio. ʻO ka helu o nā kānaka i kēlā mau hui mai 2-10 poʻo. ʻAʻole maopopo inā aia he kūlana hierarchical ʻokoʻa i loko o ka ohana. ʻAʻole hoʻopili nā kāne o nā ʻohana launa i nā pae o kēlā me kēia, akā hiki i kahi male kāne ke kau i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau laulā wahine.
ʻAʻohe o nā kāne a me nā wahine e pili ai i ka pilina o ke ola a pili kokoke wale nō i ka manawa o ka hānau hou ʻana, kahi i mālama ʻia ma ʻApelika Hema i ʻApelila a me Mei.
ʻAʻole holoholona kolohe nui ka kudu nui; hōʻike lākou i ka inaina i ka pio. I ka nahelehele, hiki i nā kāne ke hoʻokūkū me kekahi i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā wahine no ka pā ʻana.
Ehia mau ola ola
Hiki ke ola ʻo Kudu antelope i ka nohona kūlohelohe mai 7 a 11 mau makahiki. I nā hana hoʻopunipuni, nā kūlana maikaʻi, ola nā holoholona a iwakālua mau makahiki.
Dimorphism moekolohe
ʻO ka kudu nui (lat. Tragelaphus strepsiceros) kahi antelope nani, ʻike maʻalahi ʻia ke kāne mai ka wahine e nā pepeiaohao wili wili, hiki i ka lōʻihi ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika. ʻEono a ʻumi paha mau kaha aniani kūleʻa ma ka ʻahu o ka male. Hiki i ke kino o ke kino ke melemele-ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka hina hina, ʻo kona huluhulu kahi ʻāpana o ka nui pouli.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahine o ka kudu nui ma mua o ke kāne a nele i nā pepeiaohao. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia ka wahine puʻupaʻa e ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kapa. ʻOi aku ka māmā o nā wahine i ke kala, nānā lākou e like me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i loaʻa ʻole nā pepeiaohao. Kōkua kēia kala kala i nā kudu makua ʻole a me nā wahine e camouflage iā lākou iho me ka maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka backdrop o nā mea kanu ʻApelika. ʻO ke aka mai ke one hina melemele i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, e kūʻē i ka hope o nā kahaki lahilahi i ke kino e ʻike nui ʻia.
Loaʻa i nā kāne ʻelua kahi pahi o ka lauoho e holo ma waena o ke kua a hana i kahi ʻano mane. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o nā kāne ʻelua, aia kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo e holo ana ma ka maka ma waena o nā maka. Hāʻawi nā pepeiao nui a puni o kahi kudu nui i ka holoholona i kahi ʻano pāhenehene.
ʻO nā mea kōkua Kudu nui
ʻO ka inoa maʻamau no Kudu mai ka ʻōlelo ʻōiwi Koikoy i hoʻohana ʻia ma ʻApelika hema. ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema mai ka Greek: Tragos, ʻo ia hoʻi he kao a me ka elaphus, he dia; ʻO Strephis ke ʻano o ka wili ʻana a ʻo Keras ke ʻano o ka pepeiaohao.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā subspecies o ka antelope kudu scorchorn e nā lunamakaʻāinana ʻelua - kahi nui a me nā liʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino o ke kāne kudu nui a hōʻea i 300 kilokika, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kahi mea liʻiliʻi ma mua o 90 kilokilo. Nui - hāʻawi ʻia ma luna o ka ʻāina mai ka waena a i ka hema a me ka hikina o ʻApelika. Noho ka liʻiliʻi i ka panalāʻau o East Africa. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma ka Arabian Peninsula.
ʻO ka kudu nui, hana i 5 mau mea hou aku. Aia ma waena o lākou ʻo T. strepsiceros strepsiceros, T. strepsiceros chora, T. strepsiceros bea, T. strepsiceros burlacei lāua ʻo T. strepsiceros zambesiensis.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka laulā o ka mahele o ka kudu nui mai ka mauna ma ka hema hikina o Chad a hiki i Sudan a me ʻAitiopa, a ma nā wahi maloʻo o ʻApelika Hikina a me ʻApelika Hema. Ma ʻApelika Hema, ʻike ʻia ka antelope o nā pepeiaohao nunui i ka ʻākau a me ka hikina, a me nā heluna kaawale o ka moku ʻo Cape.
Noho ka Greater Kudu i ka savannah, keu hoʻi i nā wahi puʻu, kiki, a me nā ulu lāʻau ma nā kahawai. Hōʻalo kēia ʻano i ka pale aku i nā steppe ākea a me nā ululāʻau.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau loa ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻApelika, akā ʻo nā heluna liʻiliʻi o ʻekolu mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i loaʻa ma East Africa, ka Horn o ʻApelika a me Sahara Hema. ʻO ko lākou wahi i makemake nui ʻia ʻo Savannah ululāʻau a me nā wahi pōhaku a me nā puʻupuʻu, kahi e hūnā ai lākou mai nā mea ʻaihue e laʻa me ka liona, ka leopadi, ka hyena, a me ka ʻīlio hihiu.
ʻO ka ʻai antelope Kudu
ʻO ka kudu nui nā mea ulu lāʻau. ʻO ka manawa o ka hānai ʻana a me ka hoʻoinu ʻana e pili pinepine ʻia me ka pouli - ke ahiahi a i ʻole ka wā kakahiaka o ka lā. ʻO kā lākou papaʻai nā ʻano lau like ʻole, nā mea kanu, nā hua, nā kumu waina, nā pua, a me kekahi mea kanu ʻawahia i pau ʻole i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Hoʻololi ke ʻano o nā meaʻai ma muli o ke kau a me ka wahi i noho ʻia. Hiki iā lākou ke lanakila i ke kau maloʻo, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ola i kahi wahi wai ʻole.
ʻO nā wāwae lōʻihi a me ka ʻāʻī kudu e ʻae iā ia e hōʻea i ka meaʻai ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Wahi a kēia mea hōʻike, loaʻa wale iā ia kahi giraffe.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
I ka wā hānau, hāhā nā ʻāʻī o nā kāne makua. Hōʻike kēia i nā mākala nunui. Ke kāne, ke alualu nei i ka hana o kahi hanana kūikawā, ke hoʻokokoke aku nei i ka wahine ʻaoʻao, ke nānā pono nei i ke ala i kū pono i ka wahine kūpono. Inā kū ʻole ka launa aloha o ke kāne i kāna ʻono, hahau ka wahine iā ia ma ka ʻaoʻao. Inā lākou i hana, holo ʻino ʻo ia me ka hoʻonāukiuki i kahi alualu.
I kēia manawa, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hihia hōʻeuʻeu ma waena o nā kāne.
Ke hui nā keonimana hoʻokūkū ma ka ʻāina like, lawe kekahi i kahi kiʻi e hoʻonui ai i ka hopena o kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka hoa paio. Kū ʻo ia i ka ʻaoʻao, hoʻopaʻa i kona kua i kiʻekiʻe loa a kaomi i kona poʻo i ka honua. Hoʻomaka ka kekahi e hele wāwae. Huli ka mea i komo mua i ka hakakā, e like me ka neʻe ʻana o ka hoa paio, i mea e hōʻike ai i kona ʻaoʻao iā ia. Piʻi kēia mau hana maʻamau i kekahi mau kaua ikaika, akā ʻaʻole mau. He mea hoihoi ia i ka manawa o ke kaua pololei, huli lākou ʻelua, a pani i nā pepeiaohao no ka pā.
Hana ʻia ka hakakā ma o ka hoʻouka ʻana me nā pepeiaohao. I ka hakakā, hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā hoa paio me kekahi i kekahi, i kekahi manawa pili paʻa loa a hāʻule lākou i kahi pahele. ʻAʻole hiki ke hele i waho o kahi hale aliʻi ikaika, make pinepine nā kāne ʻelua.
Kūpono ka kudu nui i ka hānau kau ma ʻApelika hema. Ma ka equator, hānai lākou i ka wā ua, ka lōʻihi mai Pepeluali a Iune, a moe ma ka hopena a ma hope paha o ka hopena o ka ua. Inā lawa ka meaʻai a ka wahine, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohua i nā makahiki he ʻelua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka hapa nui o nā wahine i ke oʻo a ʻekolu mau makahiki. Makua kāne i loko o ʻelima mau makahiki.
ʻO ka manawa hānau o ka kudu nui mai 7 a 8.7 mau mahina, a hānau ʻia nā pēpē ke kiʻekiʻe ka mauʻu i hiki. Hūnā nā bipi keiki mai ka prying maka no ʻelua mau pule ʻē aʻe, a ma hope o lākou, ua lawa ka ikaika, hiki ke lawe ʻia i loko o ka pūʻā. Ua ukuhi ʻia nā pēpē mai kā lākou mau makuahine i ka makahiki ʻeono. Noho nā keiki bipi kāne i loko o ka pūʻā makuahine mai 1 a 2 mau makahiki, a me nā wahine - ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, a hiki i ke ola holoʻokoʻa.
Liʻiliʻi nā helu hoʻohua ma ka kudu, ʻo ka pinepine pinepine hoʻokahi keiki bipi i hānau ʻia i kahi ʻōpala.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Loaʻa nā kudu nui i nā ʻano holoholona he nui ma ʻApelika, e like me nā liona, nā leopadi, nā ʻīlio hihiu, a me nā hyenas i ʻike ʻia. ʻO kahi artiodactyl, ke kū i kahi pilikia kūpono, ʻaneʻane heʻe mau. Ma mua o kēia, hana ka kudu i nā neʻe ʻana me kāna huelo. Eia kekahi, i ka manawa o ka weliweli, paʻa ka antelope pepeiaohao no kekahi manawa i ka neʻe ʻole a hoʻokuke i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa me kona mau pepeiao, a ma hope iho ua hoʻopuka ia i kahi hōʻailona e uwo nui ana e wānana e pili ana i ka makaʻu o kona ʻohana a holo aku. ʻOiai kona nui nui, he jumper kupaianaha a akamai ia. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hoʻopilikia nā pepeiaohao branched me nā kāne. ʻOiai e lele ana i luna o nā mānoanoa ooi, hāpai ka holoholona i kona auwae i kaomi ʻia nā pepeiaohao e like me ka hiki i ke kino. I kahi kūlana maikaʻi o ke kino, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i nā lālā.
Eia kekahi, e like me ka nui o nā hihia, ʻo ka mea weliweli i ka holoholona, ʻo ia ke kanaka ponoʻī. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka manaʻo kipi i ka kudu e hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole kūʻē kēia mau artiodactyls i ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu mai nā ʻāina mahiʻai kūloko. Mai ka wā kahiko, ua manaʻo ʻia kahi ʻeha ʻeha he ipu nui i ka hopu ʻana o nā mea ʻimi holoholona. ʻO ka mea i hopu ʻia ka ʻiʻo o kahi holoholona, ka ʻili a me nā pepeiaohao waiwai nui - ke kumuhana o ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana. Hoʻohana nā kamaʻāina iā lākou i nā hana maʻamau, no ka mālama ʻana i ka meli, a no ka hana ʻana i nā hāmeʻa a me nā mea kani like ʻole, me nā mea mele. ʻO ka nalowale noho kahi mea hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe i ka heluna Kudu. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo a me ka huakaʻi kuleana ke kī o ka mālama ʻana i kēia laha.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka Kudu Nui ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka papa inoa ʻulaʻula o IUCN. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kaulana i kekahi mau ʻāpana o South and South-Central Africa. Akā ʻo ka hui ʻana i kēia holoholona ma ʻApelika Hikina ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he hanana nui ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo ʻia ua laha ka ʻāina i Somalia a me Uganda a palupalu i Chad a me Kenya.
Ma waho aʻe o ka luku ʻia e nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe a me nā poʻe hahai holoholona, ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua kanaka ʻana a me ka luku ʻana i ka nohona kūlohelohe kahi mea hoʻoweliweli nui i ka antelope scorchorn.
ʻO ka heluna nui o Kudu noho pū kekahi me ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi e like me ka anthrax a me ka rabies. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka hoʻōla ʻia mai ka maʻi ma mua o ka make. Ua hōʻike ākea ʻia ʻo kudu i nā paka ākea a me nā mālama like e like me ka Selous Game Reserve ma Tanzania, ka Kruger National Park a me ka wahi pale ʻia ʻo Bavianskloof ma ʻApelika Hema. ʻO ka ʻāpana hope kahi ʻāpana o kahi mea nui o ka World Heritage Site, ka Cape Flower Kingdom.
