ʻO Astronotus (Astronotus) kahi iʻa iʻa aquarium kaulana loa na ka cichlid. I kekahi manawa kapa ʻia nā lunamaka o kēia ʻano iʻa iʻa, oscar, ocellatus a i ʻole velveteen cichlid.
Wehewehe, helehelena
Pili nā Astronotuses i ka mahele o nā iʻa aquarium nui loa, a i ko lākou wahi maoli, hiki i ko lākou kino ke 35-40 cm.... Ke mālama ʻia i loko o nā ʻano aquarium, ulu ka iʻa hoʻonaninani i ka lōʻihi o 15-22 knm, nui kona mau maka a me kahi poʻo, a he ʻaoʻao hoʻi a haʻi ʻia i mua o ka ʻaoʻao. ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o Astronotus. Hoʻolahalaha ke ʻano ʻulaʻula o nā Astronotus. ʻIke like ʻo Juveniles me ko lākou mau mākua, akā he kala ʻeleʻele me nā kaha keʻokeʻo a me ke kū ʻana o kahi hiʻohiʻona hōkū liʻiliʻi ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻomaopopo loa ʻia ke ʻano hānau hānau albino a me ka ʻulaʻula o ka Astronotus me nā peʻa keʻokeʻo, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Red Oscar", he mea maʻamau ia i waena o nā mea makemake nui.
ʻO ka pinepine, ʻokoʻa ke kala o ke kāʻei maʻamau mai nā kani hina hina i ka lanahu-ʻeleʻele, me ke alo o nā wahi i hoʻopuehu ʻia a nui, a me nā kiko melemele o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā nui, a he palena ʻeleʻele paha i haʻi ʻia. ʻO ke kumu o ka fin caudal kahi e kahi ʻeleʻele nui i kūkulu ʻia me kahi ʻalani, e like me ke ʻano o ka maka nui. Aia kekahi kuhi he mahalo ia i kēia "maka" kūikawā loa i hāʻawi ʻia i nā astronotus ka inoa kikoʻī "Ocellatus", ʻo ia hoʻi "ocellated" i ka Lākina.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā ʻelele āpau o kēia ʻano he waihona wai ma Brazil, a me Venezuela, Guiana a me Paraguay. Ua lawe mua ʻia nā Astronotus i ʻEulopa kokoke i hoʻokahi kenekulia i hala aku nei, a ma Rūsia ua ʻike ʻia kahi iʻa ma hope iki aku, akā aneane lilo i mea mahalo nui ʻia i waena o nā aquarist.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā iʻa kāhiko ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻAmelika, kahi e pili ai nā mea makemake nui ʻia o ka lawaiʻa haʻuki lehulehu. ʻAneʻane kokoke i nā māla nui āpau e loea ana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa o nā iʻa kāhiko e pili pono i ka hoʻoulu ʻana iā Astronotus, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi ʻano kaulana e like me ka "Red Oscar".
Maʻiʻo Astronotus
Maliʻa paha ʻo nā cichlids kaulana a kaulana hoʻi i nā kūlana o ka hoʻoleʻaleʻa aquarium hou he astronotuses. Ua lanakila ʻia ia ʻano kaulana, ʻo ka mea mua, e nā mākau noʻonoʻo i hoʻomohala ʻia o nā iʻa kāhiko, nā lunamakaʻāinana koʻikoʻi o ke kauoha perch-like a me ka ʻohana cichlid. Wahi a kā lākou mau mea waiwai, hiki i nā astronotus ke hoʻomaopopo i ko lākou mea ʻona a ʻae lākou e hahau ʻia, a maʻalahi hoʻi i ke aʻo ʻia i kekahi mau hana maʻalahi.
Hoʻomākaukau aquarium, nui
No ke olakino a hauʻoli hoʻi o nā astronotus home, pono mehana a maʻemaʻe ka wai o ka aquarium, me kahi mahana o 23-27.e pili anaMAI... No kēia kumu, pono e kūʻai i kahi thermometer kūikawā a me ka mea hoʻomehana. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka astronotus i loko o ka wai mehana nui ke kumu e ulu ai ka pōloli o ka oxygen i loko o ka mea hihiu hoʻonaninani, a ukali ʻia e nā ʻino wikiwiki a me nā mākala puʻuwai. ʻO ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ʻana o ka iʻa i ka wai anuanu e hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻole i ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana, ma muli o ka hopena o ka Astronotus e hiki ai i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi a ʻeha hoʻi.
Hoihoi ia! I ke kaʻina o ke koho ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana kānana, he mea nui ia e hoʻonui i ka nānā ʻana i nā mea mana o ka anakahi, a maʻalahi ka mea i kūʻai ʻia me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kahi nui o ka wai haumia i lawa.
No ka mālama ʻana i nā mākua, paipai ʻia e kūʻai i kahi aquarium me ka nui o 140-150 liters no kēlā me kēia iʻa. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia i hiki i nā lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha o perchiformes a me ka ʻohana cichlid ke hana i kahi nui o nā ʻōpala i ka holo o ko lākou ola, no laila, pono e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana kānana maikaʻi i ka aquarium a 20-30% o ka wai aquarium e pono e hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia pule. ʻO ke kānana kiʻekiʻe wale nō ke pale i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā toxin kaumaha i loko o ka wai, no laila mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kānana aquarium. Pono ka acidity i 6.5-7.5 ph, a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka wai ma mua o 25 dH.
Hoʻohālikelike, hana
Manaʻo ka poʻe loea i ka papa o ka aquaristics o kēia au e pono e mālama ʻokoʻa i nā lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha o nā perchiformes a me ka ʻohana cichlid. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia nā cichlids hema nui a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma ke ʻano he mau hoanoho no ka astronotus.
Makemake ʻia e koho i nā laha o cichlids ʻaʻole ikaika loa i ka lawena, akā ʻaʻole hoʻi i mālie a i ʻole passive kanaka, e hoʻohui ʻia i ka astrronotus. He mea nui ia e hoʻomanaʻo ai no ka mālama ʻana i nā astronotus me nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe, pono lākou e noho i loko o ka aquarium i ka manawa like, kahi e pale ai i ka "loaʻa hou ʻana" o ka ʻāina e nā poʻe ikaika a i noho mua paha.
ʻAiʻai, ʻaiʻai
ʻO ka mahele meaʻai nui o nā astronotuses makua e hōʻike ʻia e:
- he anuhe koko nui nui;
- ʻenuhe honua;
- ʻiʻo wiwi;
- puʻuwai bovine i wili ʻia;
- nā hoʻopihapiha o nā ʻano iʻa o ke kai;
- hānai hānai kūikawā no nā cichlids nui.
ʻO nā ʻelele makua āpau o nā perchiformes a me ka ʻohana cichlid he momona nui, no laila, i mea e pale ʻole ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā pilikia me ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, pono ʻia e hānai i nā holoholona pēpē hoʻokahi wale nō i ka lā. He mea nui loa e hoʻonohonoho i nā lā hoʻokē ʻai no nā iʻa kāhiko.
Hoihoi ia! Hiki ke hānai i nā lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha o perciformes a me ka ʻohana cichlid me ka puʻuwai pipi ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina, kahi e pale ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka momona a hāʻawi i ka paʻa paʻa o nā mākua.
ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hou aʻe no ka hānai ʻana i ka Astronotus me ka hoʻolauna ʻana i loko o ka papaʻai o ka iʻa iʻa iʻa, ke aʻa aʻa, nā iʻa me ka nui ola, nā ʻenuhe a me nā rana, ka heʻe a me ka ʻōpae. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka mea ʻai me nā mea kanu mea kanu i ke ʻano o ka palaoa pala pala i kāwili ʻia, nā ʻoka i ʻōwili ʻia, ʻoki ʻia a me nā lau lettuce. Pono pono e mākaukau loa e hoʻokokoke i ka hoʻopuka o ka alternation o nā ʻano hānai āpau, me ka protein ʻole wale nō, akā me nā mea kanu o ka mea kanu nui. Eia naʻe, pono e hāʻawi i ka makemake e ola i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi wale nō.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO ka mea nui, ʻokoʻa loa i waena o nā kāne makua o Astronotus mai nā wahine makua kāne o kēia ʻano.
- Hōʻike ʻia nā wahine Astronotus e kahi ʻōpū i ʻoi aku ka pōʻai;
- ʻoi aku ka mamao o nā kāne ma waena o nā maka;
- ʻo ka ʻāpana fin anal o ka hope o ka wahine he ʻano pear kona ʻano, a ʻo ka ʻāpana like i loko o ke kāne, ma ke ʻano he kaulike, a ʻaʻohe loaʻa i nā puʻupuʻu i ʻike ʻia;
- pinepine, ʻo nā kāne o ka Astronotus ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine o kēia laha o ka makahiki like;
- ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā koʻi pelvic o ke kāne a he helehelena koʻikoʻi ke kiko ma ka piko ma mua o ko ka wahine.
- ʻo ka ʻaoʻao mua o ke kāne ke kuhi pinepine ma mua o ka lae o ka wahine.
Pili nā ʻōuli a pau ma luna, akā hoʻohana ʻia paha ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi nui. Hiki i nā iʻa i ke ʻano moekolohe i ka makahiki o ʻelua mau makahiki. No ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā astronotus i kahi aquarium maʻamau me ka liʻiliʻi o 300-350 liters. a i ʻole kahi pahu huki ʻokoʻa no 180-200 liters me kahi ʻōnaehana kānana maikaʻi a me ka aeration. E kau ʻia kahi pōhaku nui e hoʻouluulu, pālahalaha a maemae hoʻi ma lalo. Hoʻolālā nā wahine i kahi ovipositor ʻike ʻia ma mua o ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā iʻa mākua he ʻumi mau manawa i ka lālani, me kahi wā ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina, a ma hope e pono lākou e hoʻomaha no ʻewalu pule a ʻoi aʻe paha.
Hoihoi ia! Ulu ʻo Astronotus a ulu a kaulike ʻole, a i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka manawa kūpono i ʻole ai nā kānaka nui i ka liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻohālikelike ka hānau ʻana o Astronotus i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hānai ʻana me nā ʻano meaʻai holoholona like ʻole, e like me nā larva insect, nā ʻokena, nā ʻūhū, nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka bipi wīwī a me nā iʻa ola liʻiliʻi. Pono e piʻi mālie ka mahana o ka ʻike e nā kekelē ʻelua, a koi ʻia hoʻi e hoʻouka i nā mea nāwaliwali, akā puni ka uaki. Hoʻololi ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka wai me ka wai i hoʻolapalapa ʻia. ʻO nā hua i hoʻomoe ʻia e ka wahine e hoʻohua ʻia e ke kāne. Hiki ke waiho i nā paʻa i ka mālama ʻana o nā mākua a i neʻe ʻia i kahi incubator. ʻO nā astronotus āpau he mau mākua kūpono loa a pale i kā lākou keiki a puni ka uaki, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā hua manu ʻole a hānai iā lākou me nā huna o ka ʻili o ka pua iʻa.
Nā maʻi hānau
Aia ʻo Astronotus i waena o nā iʻa aquarium kūpono ʻole a me ka maʻi kūpaʻa ʻole... Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā ʻelele o ke kauoha o perches a me ka ʻohana cichlid ke hōʻike pono ʻia i nā maʻi maʻi ʻole a me nā maʻi lele, ʻo ka pinepine o ka maʻi bacteria a me fungal.
ʻO ka ʻano o nā maʻi e pili pinepine ʻia me nā hana hewa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i ʻole nā meaʻai a me nā maʻi hole, a i ʻole hexamitosis, i hōʻike ʻia e ka lū ʻia ʻana o ke poʻo a me ka laina ʻaoʻao. I kēia hihia, ʻike ʻia nā wahi āpau e ka helehelena o nā lua a me nā lua. ʻO ke kumu i manaʻo ʻia o kēia maʻi he nele o nā wikamina, ka puna a me ka phosphore, a me ka papaʻai kūpono ʻole a me ka lawa ʻole o ka hoʻohou wai. No ka mālama ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo "Metronidazole" a lawe ʻia kahi hoʻololi i kahi ʻano kaulike o nā papaʻai.
Hoihoi ia! Noho nā Lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻano i loko o ʻumikūmālua mau makahiki, akā pili i ka ʻenehana mālama a me nā lula o ka mālama, a me ka pale manawa kūpono a kūpono hoʻi, hiki i nā iʻa aquarium ke noho no ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki a ʻoi paha.
ʻO nā maʻi Astronotus o kahi ʻano infectious a parasite paha e koi i ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā ana quarantine. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia e hoʻohana i nā iʻa muliwai, ʻo ia ke kumu o kekahi mau maʻi parasite weliweli a koʻikoʻi hoʻi, i ka meaʻai o nā astronotus. Pono e hoʻolapalapa i ka lepo kūlohelohe ma mua o ka waiho ʻia ʻana i loko o ka aquarium. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻonaninani me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi wai ʻalani ākea o ka pāhare potassium.
Nā loiloi nona
Manaʻoʻiʻo nā aquarist i mea e ʻoluʻolu ai nā astronotuses ke kūpono, pono e hana i nā wahi he nui kahi e hiki ai i ka iʻa ke peʻe.
Makemake nui nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha perch a me ka ʻohana cichlid i ke kūkulu kūʻokoʻa ʻana i nā kāhiko o loko o ka aquarium e like me kā lākou makemake, no laila hoʻoponopono pinepine lākou i nā mea hoʻonaninani, e like me ka driftwood a me nā pōhaku. No laila, pono e kāpae loa ʻia nā kāhiko ʻino a weliweli paha.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- ʻO Aguaruna a i ʻole iʻa iʻa muscular
- ʻO Gourami
- Sumatran barbus
- Hōkū ʻo Ancistrus
E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i nā astronotus, hōʻike ʻia nā worworms e hoʻohana no ka hānai ʻana i nā holoholona ʻōpio, a pono i nā mākua i kahi hānai ola nui. Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe mua ʻia nā ʻōpala honua i ka wai mai ka honua a me ka lepo. Hoʻohui ʻia, protein mince, i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai ka pīpī wīwī, ʻiʻo heʻe, ʻāpana o ke ake a me ka puʻuwai, kūpono kūpono no ka hānai ʻana i nā cichlids, a laila paʻahau.
He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo he mau iʻa predatory nā Astronotuses, no laila pono lākou e hoʻolako ʻia me ka meaʻai e waiwai ai ka protein i hiki.... I kēia manawa, aia nō kekahi mau ʻano o nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā hale kūʻai holoholona, akā i nā kūlana kūlohelohe e like me ka ʻai ʻana o nā ʻelele o nā holoholona i nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, no laila, ke kau nei i nā papaʻai, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i kēlā mau meaʻai. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kolo a me nā wai invertebrates aquatic, hou a paʻahau a i ʻole hau paʻahau no kēia kumu.
Mea nui! ʻO ka nui o nā meaʻai i hāʻawi ʻia e hiki ai i ka astronotus ke ʻai iā ia i loko o ʻelua mau minuke. ʻAi ʻole ʻia ka hānai nui a hōʻino i ka wai aquarium, hoʻonāukiuki i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole.
Ma ka laulaha, nani a nani nā iʻa akamai o nā astronotus, ka mea, me ka hānai kūpono ʻana a me ka mālama kūpono ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke ʻoluʻolu i ko lākou mea nona nā ʻano hoihoi, a me kekahi aloha. ʻO kahi kūpono, ka wai maʻemaʻe a mehana, nā wahi mehameha a me nā meaʻai momona-protein e ʻae i kahi holoholona hānai ʻole a hoihoi loa e mālama i kona olakino a me kona ola no nā makahiki he nui.
