Kaulana ʻo ʻAmelika Hema no nā ʻano mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Aia ma laila, i loko o nā ululāʻau tropical tropical, e ola nā tamarins - kekahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana kupaianaha loa o ke kauoha o primata. No ke aha he mea kupaianaha lākou? ʻO ka mea mua - me kona hiʻohiʻona nani, poina ʻole ʻia. Hoʻohanohano ʻia kēia mau moʻo e ke kala ʻahu kala like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o kekahi mau mea kupanaha ma mua o nā holoholona maoli.
Ka wehewehe o nā tamarins
ʻO nā tamona nā ʻīlio liʻiliʻi e noho ana i nā ulu ulu o ka Honua Hou... No lākou lākou i ka ʻohana marmosets, nona nā lunamakaʻāinana, e like me nā lemur, i manaʻo ʻia nā primata liʻiliʻi loa ma ka honua. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, ʻike ʻia ma mua o ka ʻumi mau ʻano tamarins, a ʻokoʻa ka nui o kekahi i kekahi i ke kala o ko lākou huluhulu, ʻoiai he ʻokoʻa ka nui o kēia mau moʻo.
Helehelena
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā tamarins mai 18 a 31 cm wale nō, akā i ka manawa like ka lōʻihi o ko lākou huelo lahilahi e like me ka nui o ke kino a hiki ke kiʻi ʻia mai 21 a 44 cm. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano āpau o kēia mau mōʻī liʻiliʻi e nā kala ʻālohilohi a me nā kala ʻokoʻa ʻole. ʻO ke kala nui o ko lākou huluhulu palupalu a mānoanoa hiki ke melemele-ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā kānaka me ka huluhulu o nā aka gula a me nā ʻulaʻula i loaʻa pū kekahi.
Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole monochromatic nā tamarins; hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou e nā kaha like ʻole o ke ʻano ʻē a me nā kala ʻōniʻoniʻo loa. Loaʻa paha iā lākou nā wāwae tan, keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā "ʻumiʻumi", "mau kuʻemaka" a "ʻumiʻumi." ʻO kekahi mau tamarins, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻekeʻeke gula, nā kala ʻokoʻa a hiki i kahi mamao ke ʻano like me nā manu ʻōlapa ʻōlinolino ma mua o nā moʻo.
Hiki i nā muzzles o kēia mau holoholona kupaianaha ke lauoho loa a i ʻole piha i ka hulu hipa. ʻO nā tamamarins, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano a lākou e hiki ai, hiki ke loaʻa i nā "ʻumiʻumi" lush a fluffy a me "ʻumiʻumi" a i ʻole nā kuʻemaka palaho.
ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia ʻano mōʻī e ʻike ʻia e ka nui o ke poʻo ma ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī a me nā poʻohiwi, e hana ana i kahi ʻano mane liona. Aia ma mua o he ʻumi mau ʻano tamarins... Eia kekahi o lākou:
- Tamarin Imperial. ʻO ke hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia mōneka liʻiliʻi e kaupaona ana ma mua o ʻekolu haneli mau gram ʻo kona keʻokeʻo hau, keʻokeʻo lōʻihi a lush, e wili nei i lalo, i ka hoʻohālikelike nui me ka kala nui ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. Ua loaʻa kēia inoa i kona inoa no ka like o waho me ka Kaiser o Kelemania Wilhelm II, a he ʻano ʻē nō hoʻi me ka ʻumiʻumi nani.
- Tamarin lima ʻulaʻula. I kēia mau moʻo, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele ke kala o ka ʻahuʻula nui. Akā pena ʻia ko lākou mau wāwae o mua a me hope i kahi pale ākea ʻulaʻula-melemele me ke kala nui o ka ʻahu. Nui a pepeiao nā pepeiao o kēia laha, e like me nā locators i ke ʻano.
- Tamarin kua ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu nui o ka lole ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ʻeleʻele eleele. ʻO ka sakuma a me nā ʻūhā o kēia ʻano i pena ʻia i ke kala ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻalani, a keʻokeʻo ka waha. Aia paha he mau kiko keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū.
- Tamarin poʻo poʻo poʻo. Ua like ia me ka mea ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia, me ke koe ʻē aʻe he "ʻemaka" keʻokeʻo. ʻOkoʻa ka ʻano o ka hulu hipa i loko o kēia mau moʻo. Inā pōkole ka hulu o nā mea ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia, a laila lōʻihi ka mea poʻo poʻo, e hana ana i kahi mane a me nā ʻāpana he nui. He ʻano pepeiao ʻokoʻa ko lākou: ma nā pepeiao ʻeleʻele i kākoʻo ʻia, nui lākou, pōʻai a kūlou, ʻoiai i nā poʻo ʻeleʻele lākou e liʻiliʻi i ka nui a kuhikuhi i luna.
- ʻO ka tamarin poʻohiwi gula. He ʻālohilohi a waihoʻoluʻu kala kona. ʻEleʻele kona poʻo, keʻokeʻo kāna muzzles, pena ʻia kona ʻāʻī a me kona umauma i nā pale gula a i ʻole nā kalima, a he ʻalani ʻalani ka hope o kona kino. ʻOi aku ka pouli o nā forelegs, brownish-hina a hiki i nā kuʻe lima.
- Tamarin-ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu nui he ʻeleʻele, kahi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e kahi ʻalani ʻalani-ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma a me kahi māka keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka ihu.
- ʻO Oedipus tamarin. ʻO kaʻaʻahu ma luna o nā poʻohiwi a me hope o kēia mau mōʻī he brownish, pena ʻia ka ʻōpū a me nā lālā i loko o ka holika pale a i ʻole ka melemele melemele. ʻO ka huelo lōʻihi he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kokoke i ke kumu, ʻoiai ma ka hope ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o waho o nā tamarins oedipal kahi mane keʻokeʻo o nā lauoho lōʻihi e kau ana i lalo i nā poʻohiwi o ka holoholona. ʻAʻole pili ka inoa o kēia ʻano i ke aliʻi ʻo Oedipus mai nā moʻolelo Helene kahiko, a i ʻole, me ka pākuʻina ʻo Oedipus. ʻO ia wale nō ma ka Lākina e like ia me "oedipus", ʻo ia hoʻi "legged legged". Ua kapa ʻia nā inoa ʻo Oedipus tamarins no ka lauoho hulu a loloa hoʻi e uhi ana i nā lālā o kēia mau mōneka, kahi e mānoanoa ai ko lākou mau wāwae.
- Tamarin wāwae wāwae keʻokeʻo. Manaʻo kekahi poʻe akeakamai he ʻohana pili ia o ka Oedipus tamarin. A ma hope o ke kaʻina o nā noiʻi ma waena o nā ʻano ʻelua, ua ʻike lākou i kahi like ikaika. No laila, no ka laʻana, i loko o lāua ʻelua, ua loli ke kala o ka hulu o nā keiki i kahi ala like ke ulu aʻe. ʻOiai, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻano ʻelua i ka wā o Pleistocene epoch.
I kēia lā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau ʻano ʻelua e kahi pale kūlohelohe i ke ʻano o ka muliwai Atrato. I nā mākua, loaʻa i nā tamarins wawae keʻokeʻo me ka hoʻi o ka silvery me ka hoʻopili o nā inclam light. ʻO ka mua o ke kino he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻEleʻele ka huelo i ke kala; i nā kānaka he nui, keʻokeʻo kona piko. Keokeo ka waha a me ka ʻaoʻao mua o ke poʻo a hiki i ka pae o nā pepeiao, mai nā pepeiao a hiki i ka hoʻololi o ka ʻāʻī i nā poʻohiwi he brownish-brownish. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o nā tamarins wāwae wāwae keʻokeʻo ma mua o nā hope. - ʻO Tamarin Geoffroy. Ma ke kua o kēia mau moʻimoʻo, nā kala ka lauoho i nā ʻano ʻeleʻele melemele a me ka ʻeleʻele, nā māmā nā wāwae a me ka umauma i ke kala. ʻO ka maka o kēia mau primates ʻaneʻane lauoho ʻole, ʻulaʻula ka lauoho ma ke poʻo, me kahi māka triangular kukui ma ka lae.
Kona inoa Lākina - Saguinus midas, ka tamarin lima ʻulaʻula i loaʻa no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua pena ʻia nā wāwae o mua a me hope i nā pale gula, no laila ua nānā ʻia nā paws me ke gula, e pili ana iā King Midas mai nā moʻolelo Helene kahiko, ka mea i ʻike pehea e hoʻolilo ai i nā mea āpau i gula. , nā mea āpau āu e hoʻopā ai.
Ka hana a me ka nohona
Noho ʻo Tamarins i loko o nā ululāʻau tropical tropical, kahi e nui ai nā mea kanu hua a me nā kumu waina, kahi a lākou e makemake ai e piʻi. ʻO kēia nā holoholona diurnal e ala ala i ka wanaʻao a hana i ka manawa o ke ao. Haʻalele lākou i ka pō i kakahiaka nui, e noho ana e hiamoe ma nā lālā a me nā kumu waina.
Hoihoi ia! He mea nui ka huelo lōʻihi a maʻalahi hoʻi no nā tamarins: ma hope o nā mea āpau, me ke kōkua e neʻe ai mai kekahi lālā a kahi lālā.
Mālama ʻia kēia mau moʻo i nā hui ʻohana liʻiliʻi - "mau ʻohana", kahi e loaʻa ai mai ʻehā a iwakālua holoholona... Kūkākūkā lākou me ko lākou mau hoahānau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā poses, nā helehelena helehelena, ka huluhulu ʻana o ka huluhulu, a me nā leo nui a nā tamarins āpau e hana ai. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia mau leo: like me ka hū ʻana o nā manu, nā ʻāwī a i ʻole nā ʻōhea lōʻihi ʻana. I ka hihia o ka makaʻu, hoʻopuka nui nā tamarins me ka ʻuā.
I ka "ʻohana" o nā tamarins, aia kahi hierarchy - matriarchy, kahi o ke alakaʻi i ka hui ʻo ia ka wahine kahiko a wahine ʻike hoʻi. ʻO nā kāne, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hana nui i ka hana ʻana i nā meaʻai na lākou a me ko lākou ʻohana. Mālama ʻo Tamarins i ko lākou panalāʻau mai ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā malihini, kahakaha lākou i nā kumulāʻau, ʻāʻā ka lāʻau iā lākou. E like me nā mōneka ʻē aʻe, hoʻolimalima nā tamarins i ka manawa he nui e kahaki i ka hulu o kekahi. No laila, hemo lākou i nā parasite kūwaho, a i ka manawa like e loaʻa i kahi lomilomi hoʻoluʻolu maikaʻi.
Ehia tamara e ola ana
I ka nahelehele, hiki i nā tamarins ke noho mai 10 a 15 mau makahiki, i nā zoo hiki iā lākou ke ola lōʻihi. Ma ka awelika, he ʻumikūmālua makahiki ko lākou ola.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho nā tamarins āpau i ka ululāʻau o ka Honua Hou... ʻO ko lākou wahi noho ʻo ʻAmelika Waena a me ʻAmelika Hema, e hoʻomaka ana mai Costa Rica a pau me nā kahawai haʻahaʻa ʻo Amazonian a me ka ʻākau o Bolivia. Akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia kēia mau mōʻī ma nā wahi mauna, makemake lākou e noho i nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa.
Papaʻai Tamarins
ʻAi nui nā tamarins i nā meaʻai mea kanu e like me nā huaʻai, nā pua a me ko lākou nectar. Akā ʻaʻole lākou e hāʻawi i ka meaʻai holoholona: nā hua manu a me nā moa liʻiliʻi, a me nā mea kolo, nā nananana, nā moʻo, nā moʻo a me nā rana.
Mea nui! I ke kumu, he unpretentious nā tamarins a ʻai kokoke i nā mea āpau. Akā i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi, hōʻole paha lākou e ʻai i nā meaʻai ʻano ʻē na lākou.
I nā zoo, hānai pinepine ʻia nā tamarins i nā hua like ʻole a kēia mau mōʻī e hoʻomana wale ai, a me nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi e ola ai: nā ʻūhū, nā ʻūhū, nā ʻūhini, nā ʻalekiko. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻoneʻe kūikawā ʻia lākou i loko o ka hale kiaʻi i nā mōneka. Hoʻohui pū lākou i kaʻiʻo momona i hoʻolapalapa ʻia, ka moa, ka ant a me nā hua moa, ka tī liʻiliʻi a me ka resin o nā lāʻau hua tropical i kā lākou papaʻai.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hiki i nā mākua ke oʻo makua ma kahi o 15 mau mahina. a mai kēia makahiki hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohua. Hoʻomaka kā lākou mau pāʻani moena i ka waena a i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo - ma kahi o Ianuali a Pepeluali paha. A, e like me ka ʻaneʻane o nā māmela āpau, nā kāne kāne kāne kāne male kāne male kāne wahine i kekahi ʻano moena. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i nā wahine o kēia mau mōneka e mau ana ma kahi o 140 mau lā, no laila ma ʻApelila-mua o Iune ua hānau ʻia kā lāua keiki.
Hoihoi ia! Hānau pinepine nā wahine tamarin momona i nā māhoe. A ʻeono mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki ma mua, hiki iā lākou ke hana hou a hiki ke lawe hou i ʻelua mau keiki.
Ulu wikiwiki nā tamarins liʻiliʻi a ma hope o ʻelua mau mahina hiki iā lākou ke neʻe kūʻokoʻa a hoʻāʻo hoʻi e kiʻi i ka meaʻai na lākou.... ʻAʻole wale ko lākou makuahine, akā mālama pū ka "ʻohana" holoʻokoʻa i nā keiki e ulu ana: hāʻawi nā makika makua iā lākou i nā ʻāpana momona loa a i kēlā me kēia ʻano pale i nā keiki liʻiliʻi mai nā pilikia kūpono. Ua hōʻea i ka makahiki o ʻelua a makua hoʻi, nā tamarins ʻōpio, ma ke ʻano he rula, mai haʻalele i ka ʻohana, noho i ka "ʻohana" a komo i kahi hana i kona ola. I ka noho pio ʻana, hui maikaʻi lākou i nā pālua a hānau pono; ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻohe o lākou pilikia me ka hānai ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
I nā ululāʻau tropical kahi e noho ai nā tamarins, he nui nā ʻenemi o lākou. ʻO nā manu lele e like me nā hawk, ʻaeto, ʻAmelika Hema ʻAmelika Hema, nā mea ʻai mammalian - jaguars, ocelots, jaguarundis, ferrets, a me nā moʻo nui like ʻole.
Ma waho o ia mau mea, hiki i nā nananana, nā kolo a me nā rana ke hoʻoweliweli i nā tamarins, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e ʻai i nā moʻo, akā no ko lākou hoihoi a makemake hoʻi e hoʻāʻo i nā mea āpau "e ka paʻa", hiki ke hoʻāʻo e ʻai i kekahi mau holoholona ʻawahia. Heʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia no nā tamarins ʻōpio, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka hoihoi i hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hopu i nā mea āpau e ʻumeʻume i ko lākou nānā.
I mea e makaʻu ʻole ʻia ai ke hoʻouka kaua ʻia e ka poʻe ʻaihue, nānā pono nā ʻīlio makua i ka ulu lāʻau o ka ulu lāʻau ulu a me ka lani, a inā kū kokoke kahi holoholona ʻai manu, manu a nahesa paha, ua aʻo aku lākou i ko lākou kamaʻāina e pili ana i ka pilikia me ka uē nui ʻana.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO ka makaʻu nui e hoʻoweliweli nei i nā tamarins ka ʻoki ʻana i ka nahele ulu ulu i noho ai kēia mau moʻo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano tamarins he nui ka nui a ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia e pau. Aia ke kūlana i ka ʻano o nā tamarins.
ʻO ka hopohopo liʻiliʻi loa
- Tamarin Imperial
- Tamarin lima ʻulaʻula
- Tamarin ʻeleʻele
- Tamarin poʻo poʻo poʻo
- ʻO ka tamarin ʻulaʻula
- Tamarin olohelohe
- ʻO Tamarin Geoffroy
- ʻO Tamarin Schwartz
Akā, eia nō naʻe, i waena o nā tamarins kekahi mau lāhui e aneane make a kokoke i ka make.
Pani i kahi kūlana nāwaliwali
- ʻO ka tamarin poʻohiwi gula... ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka nohona kūlohelohe o kēia ʻano, a hiki i ka neoneo ʻana o nā ululāʻau tropika. ʻO ka heluna nui o nā tamarins kōmi gula a nui ka nui, akā ke emi nei ma kahi o 25% i kēlā me kēia hanauna ʻekolu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma kahi o ʻumikūmāwalu mau makahiki.
ʻAno hoʻoweliweli
- Tamarin wāwae wāwae keʻokeʻo... ʻO nā ululāʻau kahi e noho ai nā tamarins wāwae wāwae keʻokeʻo e nalowale koke nei a ʻo ka wahi a lākou e noho ai e hoʻohana ʻia e ka poʻe no ka mining, a no ka mahiʻai, kūkulu alanui a me nā dam. Ke emi nei hoʻi ka heluna o kēia mau moʻo no ka mea ʻo ka nui o lākou e pau i nā mākeke kūloko, kahi e kūʻai aku ai lākou ma ke ʻano he holoholona. Ma muli o kēia, ua hāʻawi ka International Union for Conservation of Nature i ke kūlana o kahi ʻano ʻaneʻane e make i nā tamarins wāwae wāwae keʻokeʻo.
Nā ʻanoʻano ma ka lihi o ka make ʻana
- ʻO Oedipus tamarin. ʻO ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau mōneka i ko lākou wahi noho maoli ma kahi o 6,000 wale nō. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia ʻano a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka papa inoa o "25 primata ʻoi loa nā primata i ka honua" a ua helu ʻia i loko o ia mai 2008 a 2012. Ua alakaʻi ʻia ka hoʻoneoneo ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia ka wahi noho o ka Oedipus tamarin e ʻekolu hapahā, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka helu o kēia mau mōneka. ʻO ke kūʻai aku ʻia ʻana o nā tamarins ʻoedipal e like me nā holoholona a me nā noiʻi ʻepekema, i lawe ʻia no kekahi mau manawa ma nā moʻo o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole hoʻi i hōʻemi iki i ka lehulehu. A inā i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka noiʻi ʻepekema e pili ana i nā tamarins oedipal, ke hoʻomau nei ke kālepa kū ʻole i nā holoholona i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ko lākou lehulehu. Eia hou, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana o kēia mau holoholona i kahi wahi i kaupalena ʻia, maʻalahi lākou i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o nā loli i ko lākou ʻano kamaʻāina.
ʻO Tamarins kekahi o nā mea ola hiki ʻole ke hana ʻia e Kūlohelohe. ʻO kēia mau mōneka e noho ana i nā ulu ulu nahele o ka Honua Hou e nāwaliwali loa ma muli o ka luku ʻia o ko lākou wahi maoli. Hoʻohui ʻia, pili ka hei ʻana ʻole o kēia mau holoholona i kā lākou helu. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e mālama i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o kēia mau mōneka i kēia manawa, aneane make loa lākou, i hiki i ka hanauna hou o ka poʻe ke ʻike i nā tamarins i nā kiʻi kahiko wale nō.
