ʻO Raccoons (lat. ʻO ia mau holoholona i loaʻa i ko lākou inoa mai ka huaʻōlelo ʻInikia "Arakun", ʻo ia hoʻi "ʻulupā me kona mau lima ponoʻī."
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka lāhui
I nā ʻāina ʻĀkia a me ʻEulopa he nui, kapa maoli ʻia ka raccoon "beled bear" a "bear bear". Huikau ka raccoon me nā holoholona hihiu a holoholona ʻē aʻe paha a aneane hiki ʻole.... Hiki ke unuhi ʻia ka inoa Lākina ʻo Prosyon ma ke ʻano he "ʻīlio mua" a i ʻole "ma mua o ka ʻīlio", ma muli o ke ʻano o ka holoholona.
ʻIke, kala
Ma waho, ua like nā raccoons me nā ʻīlio raccoon, he kino lako lākou, nā wāwae pōkole me nā manamana wāwae hoʻoneʻe a lōʻihi hoʻi, a me nā māiʻuʻu hoʻi ʻole ʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia. ʻAʻohe hānau o ka ʻāpana o nā paws. I ke kaʻina o ke kū, hoʻāʻo ka holoholona e hilinaʻi ma ka ʻili holoʻokoʻa o ka poho, a ke neʻe - ma nā manamana wāwae wale nō, ma muli o ke ʻano o nā meheu o ka raccoon e like me ka paʻi i waiho ʻia e ka lima kanaka.
Ua lawa ka ākea ke poʻo o ka holoholona, me kahi ihu pokole a ʻoi hoʻi, nā pepeiao liʻiliʻi a poepoe. Pulu ka huelo. Lōʻihi a mānoanoa ka huluhulu, e hana ana i nā "pahu" ʻano ʻē ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kumumanaʻo niho e ke kū ʻana o nā incisors 3 a me 3, nā canine 1 a me 1, nā premolars 3-4 a me 3-4, nā molars 2 a me 2-3. ʻO ka nui o nā niho he 36-42 ʻāpana.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona a ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka hulu raccoon, ma waho o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī, kahi hui kūikawā, i hōʻike ʻia e 90% o kahi undercoat mānoanoa a paʻakikī paha, i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale aku i ka holoholona mai ka wai anuanu.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻahuʻula e kahi kala melemele-hina hina me ka hoʻopili ʻeleʻele. Mai ka ʻaoʻao mua a i ka piko o ka ihu, aia kahi kahakaha o ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele. Aia nā kiko ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele e pili ana i nā maka. Ma ka huelo o ka raccoon, aia nā apo ākea o ke kala ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele a hina-melemele. ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha o nā raccoons kāne a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
ʻO ke ʻano o ka raccoon, me ka nānā ʻole i nā laha, he maluhia a ʻoluʻolu loa, ʻeleu a me nā nīnau. He ʻike kiʻekiʻe ko kēlā holoholona holoholona, he hiki iā ia ke aʻo pehea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia maʻalahi a hana i nā hana maʻalahi. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka holoholona ʻaʻano kolohe ʻole i ka wiwo ʻole, no laila hiki iā ia ke pale iā ia iho ma ka nahu ʻana a me ka ʻili ʻana, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ulu hoʻoweliweli. I kekahi mau hihia, makemake ka holoholona i ka hoʻomaha loa a hoʻohālikelike paha i ka make e pale i ka hakakā.
ʻOiai ko lākou aloha, makemake nā raccoons i ka loneliness, no laila hui pū lākou i nā hui i ka manawa o ka hibernation.... Mālama pinepine ka mammal i nā pilina maikaʻi me nā poʻe pili kokoke mai; no laila, ʻākeʻakeʻa nā wahi hānai o ia mau holoholona. He hopena maikaʻi kā ke ahonui i ka lehulehu o nā raccoons i nā panalāʻau he nui. Hōʻike ʻia ke kamaʻilio pū ʻana me kekahi i kekahi ma ke kaniʻuhū ʻana, ke kani ʻana a me ke ʻano o ke kaniʻuhū ʻana.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hibernation o kahi raccoon e pili ana i ka lōʻihi o ke kau anuanu, akā ʻo nā raccoons Kanada ka lōʻihi loa, hiki ke hiamoe no ʻelima mau mahina.
Makemake ka mammal i ke ʻano o ke ahiahi a me ke ʻano o ke ao, no laila, i ke ao, hiamoe nā holoholona i ko lākou lua, a hele i waho e ʻimi i ka meaʻai i ke ahiahi wale nō. Eia nō naʻe, inā pono, hiki i nā raccoons ke hoʻololi i ka hana o kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka papaʻai a me nā ʻano hānai o nā raccoons kahakai kaukaʻi nui ʻia i nā ebbs a me nā kahe, ʻoiai nā raccoons onionio e noho ana ma ka latitu ʻākau i momona mua ʻelua a ʻekolu paha manawa, a ma hope o ka hele ʻana i loko o ka hibernation, kahi anu loa.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o nā raccoons?
ʻO ka lāhui laha ākea loa i kēia lā ka maʻa mau ka raccoon onionio, ka awelika i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke ola o ia ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelima aʻeono makahiki. Ke mālama ʻia i ka noho pio ʻana, ola ka māmela a hiki i ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki, akā nui ka helu o nā kumu i ka ola o kahi raccoon kūloko, e like me nā ʻano o nā laha, nā ʻano i hana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana, kaʻai ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi.
Lāhui lākeke
Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano nui ʻehā i ka lāhui Raccoon:
- Pōpō lipi (Рrосyоn lоtоr), pani ʻia e 22 mau ʻāpana - nā mea hānai holoholona, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano i ulu i ke kaʻina o ka hopena anthropogenic holomua a me ka mahi ʻana o ka ʻāina. ʻO kahi holoholona me ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma waena o 45-60 cm a me ka huelo ma mua o ka hapahā o ka mika. He mau wāwae pōkole kona a he huluhulu hina hina hina hina;
- Nā Raccoons (Prosyon cancrivоrus), me ka huelo fluffy a me kahi hiʻohiʻona a puni nā maka, kahi e hana ai i kahi ʻano o "mask bandit". ʻOkoʻa ia i kahi kino o ke kahawai i ka laulā o 40-60 cm, me ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o 20-42 knm. ʻO ka hulu ma ke kua a me nā ʻaoʻao he ʻeleʻele, a ma ka ʻōpū ua hina;
- Nā raccoons Cozumel (ʻO Prosyon pygmаeus) pili i nā ʻano laha ʻole me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 60-80 cm, me ka nui o ka huelo i loko o ka hapahā o ka mika. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kaumaha o ke kino o ke kanaka makua mai 3.0 a 4.0 kg. Hoʻohanohano ʻia ka laha e ka hulu brownish-hina hina, ke kū ʻana o kahi melemele melemele ma ka huelo a me kahi pale ʻeleʻele ma ka waha;
- Nā raccoons o Guadalupe (ʻO Prosyon minоr) pili i nā lālani ʻaneʻane a me ke ʻano e ka like o waho me ka raccoon onionio. ʻO 51-60 knm ka lōʻihi o ke kino. ʻElima a ʻeono paha apo o ka ʻeleʻele i ka huelo fluffy, a uhi ʻia ke kino me ka hulu mānoanoa. Aia kekahi ʻano "mask ʻeleʻele" ma ke poʻo.
Hoihoi ia! I kēia lā, ua hōʻike ʻia ka raccoon kaha onionio pinepine ʻia e ʻelua mau kakini subspecies, e like me nā endemics ʻano mokupuni.
ʻO nā ʻano o nā raccoon onionio e komo pū ana me nā subspecies insular, kākaʻikahi loa - ka Barbados raccoon (Latin Prosyon lotor gloveralleni), e noho ana i kahi mokupuni ma ke Kai Caribbean, a me nā ʻāpana ʻāpana nui loa - ʻo ka Tresmarian raccoon (Prosyon lotor insulаris) lat.Prosyon lotor mаynаrdi).
ʻĀpana, puʻunaue
- Lūlū Cozumel He hopena ia i kahi mokupuni liʻiliʻi Caribbean ma kahakai o Quintana Roo. ʻO nā wahi kūlohelohe e pili ana i nā mangrove a me nā waoakua ma waena o ka mokupuni, a me nā kahakai a me nā wahi mahiʻai.
- Nā raccoons o Guadalupe - nā holoholona ʻāina e noho nui nei i nā wahi mākū o Guadeloupe. Makemake nā Raccoons o kēia ʻano i nā wahi pohō, akā hiki ke noho pū i nā wahi nahele maloʻo kokoke i nā muliwai a i ʻole nā loko.
- Aguara a i ʻole lākeke - kahi holoholona mai ka marshlands a me ka ululāʻau, e noho ana i ka panalāʻau o ʻAmelika Hema a me Central, e like me Tobago a me Trinidad. Makemake kahi holoholona hoʻokahi i ka pō e noho kokoke i nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā kahawai.
- ʻAmelika a i ʻole lālau lipe - he predator maʻamau ma ʻAmelika Hema, mai ka Isthmus o Panama a i nā panalāʻau ma ka hema o Kanada, a ʻo Palani a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa.
Aia ko lākou wahi noho kokoke i ka wai, ke koho nei no kēia kumu i kahi hollow i loko o kahi kumulāʻau, aia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 30 knm mai ka pae honua. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi raccoon ma ka home - wili ʻia ka ʻili ma ke kumu o ka lāʻau, me ka nui o nā lauoho. Ma waho aʻe o ka nohona nui, hoʻomākaukau nā raccoons i nā hale hilinaʻi hou aʻe no lākou iho, akā no ka hiamoe hoʻohana pinepine lākou i ka lua nui.
I ka nele o kahi hollow kūpono, hiki i ka māmala ke noho i nā āpau ma waena o nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā kumu lāʻau i hāʻule, a ma loko hoʻi o ka brushwood. I kekahi manawa ua loaʻa ka holoholona i kahi lua o kahi kūpono kūpono a haʻalele ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, no ka hiki ʻole i nā raccoons ke ʻeli i hale no lākou iho. Hoʻomaʻamaʻalahi a wikiwiki hoʻi nā Raccoons, no laila ʻaʻole noho mamao loa nā mea hoʻomake mai nā wahi noho, kokoke i nā māla hua a me nā wahi paka. ʻAʻole haʻalele iki ka ʻāina i koho ʻia e nā holoholona, akā inā pono, hiki i ka raccoon ke neʻe ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilomita mai iā ia.
Meaʻai Raccoon
Hōʻike ʻia nā biotopes punahele o nā raccoons e nā ʻāpana nahele ulu kahiko i hui pū ʻia me nā kahawai a me nā loko iʻa... I kēlā wahi, nui ka nui o nā kumu hollow, i hiki ai i ka raccoon ke hoʻomaha i ke ao. He ʻike maka maikaʻi ʻia ka mammal, kahi mea e kōkua ai i ka holoholona e hoʻokele i ka lewa i ka wā pō a e ʻimi holoholona. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa i nā raccoons nā vibrissae maʻalahi e ulu a kokoke i ke kino holoʻokoʻa, e like me ke poʻo, ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū, ka ʻaoʻao i loko o nā wāwae, a me nā wahi o ka ʻili kokoke i nā māiʻuʻu.
Pili ka raccoon i ka mahele o nā omnivores, akā ʻo kāna papaʻai nui kaukaʻi nui i nā ʻano o ka manawa a me kahi. ʻO ka lālā wale nō o ka ʻohana hibernating i ka puna e pono i kahi nui o nā meaʻai momona loa. Ma hope o ka hibernation, ma kahi o Pepeluali a i ʻole Malaki, hoʻomaka ka hana kolohe ʻana i nā raccoons makua, no laila pono lākou i ka protein protein kiʻekiʻe, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka meaʻai holoholona.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻole hiki i nā kumu Anthropogenic, kahi mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola a me nā helu o nā holoholona he nui, e hōʻeha nui i nā raccoons, no laila ua maʻalahi ka maʻalahi o kēlā mau holoholona i ke ola kokoke i ka poʻe a loaʻa pinepine ka meaʻai i nā landfill a i nā kini ʻōpala.
Hiki i nā Raccoons ke hopu i nā mea kolo nui, a ʻimi pū hoʻi i nā rana a me nā meheu nui ʻole. ʻO ka hiki ke piʻi deftly i nā kumulāʻau e ʻae ka holoholona i nā pūnana manu. I kekahi manawa hānai lākou i nā moʻo, nā moʻo a me nā holoholona wai like ʻole, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia e nā pāpaʻi, crayfish a me nā iʻa. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā o ke kauwela, hoʻololi nā raccoons i nā mea kanu i ke ʻano o nā hua a me nā hua, nā acorn a me nā hua o nā mea kanu i mahi ʻia. No kekahi mau wahi, ua lilo nā raccoons i pōʻino maoli, ma muli o ka hoʻouka pinepine ʻana i nā māla hua, mahiʻai a me nā melon.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻomaka ka wā rutting no nā raccoons me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna. I ka wā o ka moena holoʻokoʻa, ke ʻimi nei nā kāne i nā kāne a hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻāina i noho ʻia e ka holoholona. Hoʻoholo ʻia kahi wahine mākaukau no ka male ʻana e ka raccoon e ka honi. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaʻina moena, haʻalele ka kāne i ka wahine momona a hele koke e nānā i kahi ipo hou. Makemake nā raccoons kāne e noho mehameha, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e lawe pololei i ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki.
ʻO ka lāhui wahine, waiho wale ʻia ma hope o ke kaʻina hana moʻo ʻana, komo i ka hānau keiki... I ka manawa ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o nā raccoons liʻiliʻi, lilo ka hana a ka wahine hāpai i mea hakakā a hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻole ʻia. Noho ka manawa hānau ma mua o ʻelua mau mahina. He kuli a makapō nā raccoons pēpē hānau hou, a ʻo ko lākou kaumaha awelika ma kahi o 70-75 gram. Hoʻomaka nā mākua e oʻo wale i ka makahiki o ʻekolu mau pule. I nā lā mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hānai wale nā raccoons liʻiliʻi i ka waiū o ka makuahine, a ke ʻike ʻia nā niho waiū, hoʻomaka maikaʻi nā holoholona ʻōpio e hoʻololi i nā ʻano meaʻai paʻa. Hiki i ka wahine ke hānai i kāna keiki e ulu ana a aneane i kēlā me kēia hola.
Mea nui! Inā loaʻa kahi pilikia weliweli, hoʻomākaukau ka wahine wahine raccoon ma kahi o ʻumi mau lua lua, e ʻae wikiwiki loa e hoʻoneʻe i ke keiki holoʻokoʻa, a e hoʻopakele hoʻi i nā keiki mai ka make.
Hānau ka wahine i ka awelika o ʻehā a ʻelima paha mau keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ulu a ulu ka hulu o ia pēpē mai ka lā mua o ke ola, a i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻia nā māka o ka ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma nā muzzles o nā keiki.
Lawe ʻia ka kamaʻilio ʻana o nā pēpē me ko lākou makuahine ma o nā kani kūikawā, i kū i ke ʻuhā ʻana a me ka ʻuwī ʻana, a me ka walaʻau nui ʻole a me nā namunamu. ʻO ka mea nui nō hoʻi ka kamaʻilio ʻana o nā holoholona kahiko ʻaʻole wale ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa, akā ʻoi aku ka mālie, ke hoʻololi nei i nā kani muffled.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Pili nā Raccoons i ka mahele o nā holoholona hihiu paʻakikī loa, pale ʻole i nā maʻi kūlohelohe a me nā maʻi hōʻeha. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki i kēlā mammal ke hiki ke pale kūpale iā ia iho i ka hapa nui o nā mea ʻino i nā kūlana kūlohelohe.... Eia nō naʻe, pono e mālama nui ʻia e like me ka hiki i ka raccoon ponoʻī ke hāpai i nā maʻi maʻi lele loa.
Hoihoi ia! I kekahi mau ʻāina, makemake nui ʻia ka mea ʻimi haʻuki haʻuki kikoʻī no nā raccoons, ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu miliona mau kānaka paha i kī ʻia ai i loko o ʻumikūmālua mau mahina.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hiki i nā predators nui he nui ke hoʻouka i nā raccoons, me nā coyotes, nā ʻīlio hae, ka lynx ʻulaʻula, ka elk, nā alligators a me kahi pueo. Ke ʻimi pinepine nei nā moʻo i nā keiki raccoon makua ʻole. I ka panalāʻau o ka Ciscaucasia, hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia ka nui o nā mea hānai mamala e ka ʻīlio hae, a, me ka raccoon, kekahi o nā lāhui kipi.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika, he ʻano kālepa nā raccoons, a ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ʻāina, ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka nui o kā lākou nui he ʻekolu haneli mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia tausani heka, e hoʻonāukiuki ana i nā māla, nā māla a me nā māla waina, nā melon a me nā hale moa, a me nā mahiʻai. Hāpai maikaʻi ʻia kēlā ʻano holoholona i ka lawe pio ʻana, akā i ka manawa like nā holoholona i loaʻa kahi hōʻailona o ka samsonism me ka lawa ʻole o ka ulu awn maikaʻi e hōʻoki ʻia.
Ma mua o iwakālua mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka raccoon Bahamian ma ke ʻano he mea weliweli e ka International Union for Conservation of Nature ma muli o ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā mākua. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole e lawe ʻia nā hana kūpono i ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻaoʻao.
