ʻO ka mōʻī liʻiliʻi kahi manu liʻiliʻi a nimble hoʻi o ke kauoha passerine (ʻohana o nā mōʻī). ʻOiai kahi manu liʻiliʻi ma hope o ke aliʻi e like me ka hulu nui.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka mōʻī
ʻAʻole ʻike iki ʻia kēia mau manu.... Makemake lākou e noho i nā ʻohana hipa a pili manu loa. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka mōʻī kāna kālena no ka hīmeni ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike ʻia iā ia iho i nā kāne i hiki i ka makahiki ʻelua.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻohana kēia mau manu mele i ko lākou leo e ʻumeʻume i nā wahine, e ao aku i nā mea weliweli, e kaha i ko lākou ʻāina, a e kamaʻilio pū.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ikaika nā kāne i ke mele ʻana i ka wā o ka moena ʻana, mai ʻApelila a ʻAukake hoʻi. ʻO ke koena o ka manawa, lawelawe ka leo iā lākou e hōʻike wale i nā manaʻo. I nā ulu lāʻau paina, hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe pinepine i ke mele ʻana o nā mōʻī, eia naʻe, no ka liʻiliʻi o lākou, ʻaʻole hiki i nā poʻe he nui ke hoʻoholo i nā ʻano o nā mea a lākou e lohe ai. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ʻaʻole lohe ka poʻe ʻelemākule i kekahi manawa i nā mele kiʻekiʻe loa o nā leo korolkov. Hiki nō ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ʻo kēia manu ka manu āina o Lukemapuka.
Helehelena
Aia he 7 mau ʻāpana o ka ʻohana i loaʻa ma Eurasia a me ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka maʻa maʻamau ka beetle poʻo poʻo melemele, a he "pāpale" melemele kūikawā. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kēia ʻano he plumage. Eia nō naʻe, he hulu ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo kā lākou āpau a me kahi ʻōpū hinahina (he kala mae ka wahine).
He helehelena poina ʻole ka mōʻī. Kūpono loa nā ana o ka nalo. ʻAʻole hiki i ka lōʻihi i 10 kenimika, a ʻo ke kaupaona he 12 gram. He poepoe kona kino, nui kona poʻo, a hoʻōkole ʻia kona huelo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻOi ka nuku a lahilahi e like me ka awl. Ulu nā hulu keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi ma kahi kokoke i nā maka, a aia ʻelua mau kaha keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻeheu.
Hōʻike ʻia ka "pāpale" me nā kaha ʻeleʻele. I ka wahine he melemele ia, a i ka lākou mau hoa he ʻalani. I nā manawa makaʻu a makaʻala paha, kū kēia plumage mālamalama a hana i kahi piko liʻiliʻi, e like me ka lei aliʻi. Mahalo paha iā ia i ka inoa o ka manu. Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā nalo ʻōpiopio e ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hulu mālamalama ma ko lākou mau poʻo.
Ka nohona a me ka lawena
ʻEleu nā manu o ka Mōʻī, ʻoluʻolu a pili aloha hoʻi i nā manu. ʻAneʻane hiki ʻole ke hui ʻokoʻa iā lākou, no ka mea makemake lākou e noho i nā pūʻolo. I loko o ka lā, neʻe mau kēia mau manu, e ʻimi ana i nā wahi a puni, a i ʻole ke pāʻani ʻana me nā ʻohana. Lele lākou mai kekahi lālā a i kekahi, i kekahi manawa e lawe i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi. ʻIke pinepine ʻia lākou e kau ana i luna i lalo. Eia nō naʻe, paʻakikī i ke kanaka ke ʻike i kēia mau manu mai ka honua, no ka mea hūnā lākou i nā kalaunu o nā lāʻau.
Ma kahi o kahi e noho ai ke kanaka (nā māla a i ʻole nā pahu), hiki i nā mōʻī ke koho i ka spruce kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻoiai inā ma kahi wahi walaʻau. He makani maʻamau ka pūnana ma nā lālā nui a ma kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe mai ka honua (ma kahi o 10 mau mika). Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kau maʻalahi kēia mau manu me ke alo o ke kanaka a hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke i ka nohona loli.
Hoihoi ia! Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, makemake nā kinglets i nā spruces kiʻekiʻe loa no ka pūnana. Noho pinepine lākou i nā ulu lāʻau paina, a aneane hiki ʻole ke hui aku i kēia lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana passerine i nā ululāʻau deciduous.
Makemake lākou e alakaʻi i kahi nohona maʻamau, a lele lele i ka hoʻoilo wale nō. Eia nō naʻe, no nā korolki e noho ana ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau, ʻo ka neʻe ʻana i ka hema ka ʻano. ʻO kēlā neʻe ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I kekahi manawa lilo lākou i nui, a i kekahi manawa aneane hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia. Hoʻi pinepine ʻo Korolki i ko lākou wahi maoli ma ka hopena o ka puna.
I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hipa me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana passerine, kahi a lākou e lele lōʻihi ai a loaʻa kahi ʻano like. Eia nō naʻe, no ka wā o ka pūnana, makemake nā beetles e haʻalele i nā manu ʻē aʻe. E like me nā manu liʻiliʻi, hoʻāʻo nā manu liʻiliʻi e kū like me nā hau hau ʻeha pū. Koho lākou i kahi wahi mālie a pale pono ʻia i hiki ai iā lākou ke snuggle kokoke i kēlā me kēia mehana a hoʻomehana iā lākou iho. Mahalo i kēia hana o ka hoʻomehana e mālama lākou i mea e ola ai.
Eia nō naʻe, i ke anuanu a me nā kau anuanu lōʻihi, make nā beetle he nui.... Loaʻa kēia i ka pōloli a me nā hau hau ʻino. Akā ʻo ka momona kiʻekiʻe o kēia mau ʻelele o nā manu e ʻae iā lākou e hōʻole i ka make ʻana. Hiki i nā mōʻī ke noho pio. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā mea hānai manu ʻike wale i hiki ke hāʻawi iā lākou i ka mālama kūpono, no ka mea he manu hilahila loa kēia, hiki ke mālama iā lākou.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā korlets
Noho wale nā mōʻī ma ka nahelehele i kekahi mau makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau hihia i ka wā pio kahi hiki i kēia mau manu ke ola a ʻehiku mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Koho nā mōʻī i nā ululāʻau coniferous no ka noho ʻana, makemake lākou e pūnana i nā ulu lāʻau spruce. Aia nā kahu hānai a me nā mea hoʻohilahila. Loaʻa lākou ma Rūsia a me nā ʻāina ʻEulopa (Palani, Kelemania, ʻItalia, Sepania, Helene).
I kēia mau lā, aia kahi ʻano e hoʻonui i nā ululāʻau coniferous (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻonani ʻana, ʻoi aku ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ea a mai hoʻokahe i ka nui o nā lau), nā mea e hoʻonui ai i ka lehulehu o nā mōʻī. ʻAʻole kūpono loa nā mānoanoa o nā firs no nā manu, akā ʻo kēia mau ʻelele o ke kauoha o passerines i hoʻololi kūpono i ke ola i kēlā mau ʻano. I nā wahi kahi i ulu nui ai ka heluna manu, koi ʻia nā mōʻī e neʻe i nā ulu lāʻau hui. I waena o lākou, hoʻāʻo lākou e koho i kēlā mau mea he nui nā lāʻau ʻoka.
Kaʻai a ka Mōʻī
ʻOiai he manu leʻaleʻa a maʻalahi ka noho ʻana o ka mōʻī, pono ia e lilo i ka hapa nui o kona manawa i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. No ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki i nā nalo ke hui pū me nā hipa me nā manu liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe a ʻimi mau i ka meaʻai. Neʻe lākou i nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau, e nānā ana i kēlā me kēia kaulike ʻole o ka ʻili, a hāʻule pū hoʻi i ka honua i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi.
Hiki i nā mōʻī ke kau i ka lewa no kekahi manawa, a laila wikiwiki lākou i ka mea pio a lālau me ko lākou nuku lahilahi. Pono kēia manu i kahi nui o ka protein e mālama i kona ola. No hoʻokahi lā, hiki i ka mōʻī liʻiliʻi ke hoʻopau i 6 mau gram o nā meaʻai, a aneane like ia me kona kaupaona.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO kekahi paʻakikī ka mea hoʻi i hiki ʻole i ka nuku o ka nuku ke wāwahi i ka meaʻai paʻa. No laila, koi ʻia e ʻoluʻolu i nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi wale nō, ʻo ia kāna e ale wale ai.
Hoʻokumu ʻia kāna papaʻai kauwela ma nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi a me nā larvae, a me nā hua liʻiliʻi.... I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i nā hua spruce. Hiki i nā hau hau ʻino a me nā hau ke hoʻoikaika i nā nalo liʻiliʻi e ʻimi i ka meaʻai kokoke i ka nohona kanaka. Inā waiho ka ʻai i ka ʻai ʻole no hoʻokahi hola i ka hoʻoilo, e make nō ia i ka pōloli. ʻOiai ʻo 10-12 mau minuke o ka wī hiki ke hōʻemi i kona kaumaha e ka hapakolu. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ʻoiai ka nui o ka nui, hiki i kēia mau manu ke luku ma kahi o mau miliona mau mea ʻino i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe kaulana loa o kēia mau manu ʻo ka sparrowhawk, nona ka ʻai e ʻaneʻane manu liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa hiki i nā pueo ke hoʻouka i ka mōʻī. Hiki i nā squirrels, nā mea ulu lāʻau i ʻike ʻia a i ʻole nā jays ke ʻahaʻaina i nā hua manu a me nā keiki a ka mōʻī.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka moʻo ʻAtekania, lawe hewa ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe i kahakai ʻEulopa o ke Kai Kaiwaenahonua, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka mōʻī. Hoʻololi kēia pepeke i kekahi mau ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, kahi e hoʻēmi nui ai i ka nui o ka meaʻai no nā nalo a me nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe o nā papa nahele o luna o ka nahele, e koi ana iā lākou e hoʻonui i ka manawa i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai.
Aia kekahi ʻike e pili ana i nā parasites e hoʻopili wale ai i ka korolkov wale nō, a me nā ʻano manu ʻē aʻe kokoke iā lākou. ʻO ka maʻamau iā lākou nā ʻauwa lele (kū i ʻAmelika Hema). Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano mite hulu, kahi e ʻai ai ka fungus ma ke kino o ka manu i meaʻai.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻomaka ka pāʻani mānoanoa i kēia mau ʻelele passerine i ka waena o ʻApelila.... Haki nā ʻohana hui, hana pālua. Kū ka pūnana i ka hopena o Mei a i ʻole Iune mua. Hoʻopuni ʻia ka pūnana o ka nalo, pālahalaha iki ma nā kihi. Liʻiliʻi kona nui a ʻaneʻane ʻike ʻole ʻia i waena o nā lālā hoʻolaha o conifers. Aia ia ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 4-12 mau mika, no laila paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana mai ka honua, a ʻaʻole hōʻike nā manu i kēia manawa iā lākou iho.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka pūnana ke kuleana o ke kāne, nāna e hoʻohana i nā limu, nā laikini, nā mauʻu maloʻo, nā wilou a me nā lālā paina me he mea kūkulu hale.
ʻO nā lei "glues" a pau me kēia pūnaewele me kahi pūnaewele. Mai loko mai, ua lī ʻia ka pūnana me lalo, nā hulu a loaʻa ka hulu hipa. Hoʻoikaika ka cramping ikaika i nā moa hānai e pūnana ikaika kekahi i kekahi, a i kekahi manawa e noho ma ke poʻo o nā kaikunāne a me nā kaikuahine. Hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua he 7 a 10 i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kahi e kū kaʻawale ai. Liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā hua, melemele keʻokeʻo, me nā blotches liʻiliʻi ʻeleʻele. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau nā keikikāne i ka lā ʻumikumamāhā. ʻO nā beet hatched wale nō ka nele o ka hulu, aia wale nō ke kukui ma ke poʻo.
I loko o ka pule aʻe, noho mau ka makuahine i ka pūnana, mehana i nā keiki keiki. I kēia wā, hana ka kāne i ka ʻimi i ka meaʻai. A laila hoʻohui pū ka makuahine i ka hānai ʻana i nā moa makua. I ka hopena o ka mahina, hoʻomaka nā holoholona ʻōpio e hoʻohui i nā hipa a neʻe i waena o ka ululāʻau e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai. I Iulai, hiki i ka wahine ke hoʻomoe i nā hua hou, akā e liʻiliʻi ana lākou (mai 6 a 8). I Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa, hoʻomaka ka hua meli ʻōpio e hoʻoheheʻe, a laila loaʻa iā lākou ke kala i ʻano o ka poʻe mākua.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I nā makahiki he haneli i hala, ua ulu nui ka heluna kanaka o ka mōʻī ma ʻEulopa. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia iwakālua, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e pūnana ma Palani, i ke kanakolukumamākolu mau makahiki o kona noho ʻana ma Netherlands, a laila hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hihia o kona helehelena ma Denmark. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu loa, ua ʻike ʻia ka mea o ka pūnana ʻana o kēia mau manu ma Morocco. I ka hopena o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāiwa, ma ʻEnelani, ua mākaukau ka mōʻī liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he manu manuahi loa, neʻe wale, akā i kēia lā he mea maʻamau ia ma kāna kahakai hema.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka lehulehu i makemake ʻia e nā hoʻoilo ʻoluʻolu, i ʻae ai i ka mōʻī e hōʻole i nā lele lōʻihi a paʻakikī hoʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, keakea ʻia nei ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā nalo meli e ka nele o nā wahi kūpono, a me ke aniau ʻino. He mea maikaʻi ʻole ka ululāʻau mau ʻana, kahi mea e hōʻemi ai i ka wahi e hiki ai i nā manu ke pūnana.
ʻO kekahi kumu nui i kaohi ka hopena ma ka laha ʻana o ka heluna kanaka ka haumia o ka nohona. Hele pū ʻia me ka hōʻiliʻili o kahi nui o nā metala kaumaha e hōʻiliʻili i ka lepo a hoʻowali iā ia. Loaʻa iā ia kahi heluna kanaka ma kahi o 30 miliona mau manu, e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i wahi mālama no ka mālama liʻiliʻi ʻia.
