ʻO Chaffinch (lat. ʻO kekahi o nā manu mele mele he nui o ʻEulopa i hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma Asia a me Mongolia, a ma kekahi mau wahi ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau.
Hōʻike o nā aniani
He lāhui Lūkini ʻo Chaffinch, ʻaneʻane kokoke i kahi inoa o kahi manu... Kāhea ʻia ka wahine o kēia ʻano he finch a he finch paha. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Chaffinch ʻo siverukha a me yurok, chaffinch a me hao hao, chaffinch a snigirik paha.
Helehelena
ʻO ka nui o kahi finch mākua e like me nā palena o nā ʻelele o passerines, no laila ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino i 14.5 cm, me ka awelika eheu o 24.5-28.5 knm. ʻO ke kaumaha o kahi mākua ma waena o 15-40 g. Lōʻihi a nuku ka nuku ... Kikoʻī ʻia ka huelo, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 68-71 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka plumage he lahilahi a palupalu ia, me ke ʻano ʻōlinolino ʻano ʻē.
He poʻo hina hina hina a ʻāʻī nā kāne mākua, kahi lae ʻeleʻele, a me kahi kua brownish-chestnut me kahi kala hina. ʻO ka lumbar kahi i ʻōmaʻomaʻo-melemele i ke kala, me nā hulu oho hina lōʻihi i ka huelo luna. ʻO nā peʻe liʻiliʻi a me waena e keʻokeʻo ana, ʻoiai e ʻeleʻele nā uhi ʻēheu nui me kahi kihi keʻokeʻo.
Hoihoi ia! Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau moʻo, loaʻa i ka nuku o ka finch kāne ke kala bluish kūlohelohe loa me kahi palani pouli, a i ka hoʻoilo he kala ʻalani a ʻalani kona.
ʻEleʻele nā ʻeheu lele me nā ʻili keʻokeʻo ma nā pūnaewele waho. ʻO ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa a pau o ke kino o finch e ʻike ʻia e kahi kala waina ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā wahine o kēlā mau ʻelele o ka ʻohana finch he plumage ʻāhinahina hina ma lalo a me nā hulu ʻeleʻele i ka ʻaoʻao luna. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻōpio me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o waho me nā wahine. He ʻeleʻele ko Iris wahine, a he ʻāpana ʻāpana horny ko ka nuku i loko o ka makahiki.
Ka nohona a me ka lawena
I ka puna, ʻike ʻia ka hōʻea ʻana o nā finches i ka ʻāina o nā ʻĀkau ʻākau e hoʻomaka ana mai ka makahiki ʻelua o ʻApelila, a hoʻi nā manu i ka hapa waena o ko mākou ʻāina ma kahi o ka hapa lua o Malaki. Hoʻolaha ʻia nā wahi hema e nā leo o nā ʻāpana i hōʻea i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a i nā lā he ʻumi ma mua o Malaki.
I ke kauwela, hele nā finches i ka hoʻoilo i nā manawa like ʻole - mai ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemapa a i ka waena o ʻOkakopa.... Lele aku ʻo Finches i nā hipa nui a nui, he mau haneli mau kānaka paha. I ka wā o ka lele, hiki i kahi ʻohana nui ke hoʻolōʻihi ma ke ala no ka hānai ʻana i nā panalāʻau e lanakila ana, me nā wahi o ka North Caucasus.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā kinikini e nā helu he nui o nā subspecies, ʻokoʻa ka nui, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka nuku, ke ʻano o nā plumage, a me kekahi ʻano hiʻohiʻona.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka laulā, no nā ʻāpana sedentary, nomadic a me wintering nā manu, a ʻo nā poʻe e noho ana ma ka ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻākau ka mea e pūnana ana a me nā ʻelele neʻe o ka Passerine. ʻO nā palena hema o ka pae e noho ʻia e ka pūnana hapa a me ka neʻe ʻana, me ka hoʻonohonoho hapa ʻana, hoʻoilo i ka laulā a me nā finadic pinepine.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o nā finches
I ka nahele hihiu, noho nā finches ma ka awelika no kekahi mau makahiki ʻelua, ka mea ma muli o nā peculiarities o ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o nā kumu kūwaho ʻole he nui. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, ʻo ke ola maʻamau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ke ola o kēia lunamakaainana unchentious o ka ʻohana finch he ʻumi a ʻumikūmālua mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka mahele hāʻawi maʻamau no nā finches e pani ʻia e:
- ʻEulopa;
- ʻApelika komohana;
- na aoao komohana o Asia;
- ʻāpana o Suedena a me Norewai;
- kekahi mau wahi ma Finilana;
- Nā mokupuni Pelekane, ʻAzores a me Canary;
- ʻO Madeira lāua ʻo Morocco;
- ʻAlekelia a me Tunisia;
- na mokuna o Asia Uuku;
- Suria a me ka ʻĀkau ʻo ʻIrani;
- ʻāpana o ka wahi ma hope o Soviet.
Hele kekahi hapa o ka poʻe no ka hoʻoilo i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau hikina o ke kai Caspian, e lele ana i Iceland, nā mokupuni Pelekane a Faroe paha. ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o ka finch ʻokoʻa loa. ʻO ke kūlana nui no kēia ʻano manu ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻano mea ulu lāʻau āpau ma ka ʻāina.
Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, noho nā fininches i nā wahi ulu lāʻau i mahi ʻia, i hōʻike ʻia e nā māla, nā wahi pāka a me nā boulevards, a me nā ulu lāʻau ʻoka māmā, nā birch, nā wilou a me nā ulu lāʻau paina. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hiki ke loaʻa nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana finch a me ka genus Finches ma nā kihi deciduous a me coniferous, ma nā wahi o nā kahawai a me nā wahi ulu ākea, a me nā ululāʻau ʻano-mokupuni i ka ʻāpana steppe.
Hoihoi ia! No kekahi o nā manu he nui loa i ko mākou ʻāina, he ʻano ia e noho i nā ululāʻau a me nā wahi pā o kēlā me kēia ʻano, pinepine i nā wahi kokoke o nā wahi noho kanaka.
Papaʻai blink
I ka papaʻai o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana finches a me ka genus finches, nā ʻano mea kolo āpau i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke kumu o ka nui o nā hoʻopaʻa naʻau i nā gastric o nā finches, hiki i ka hopena ke hoʻohana pū kekahi mau manu i nā ʻanoʻano nāhelehele, nā hua like ʻole a me nā hua no nā meaʻai.
ʻO ka meaʻai o nā holoholona ke kumu i ka papaʻai o ia mau manu mai ka waenakonu o ka puna a hiki i ka mahina kau wela i hala. ʻO ke kumu, hānai nā finches i nā nalo liʻiliʻi, e luku nei i nā weevil, nā mea ʻino weliweli loa o ka ulu lāʻau.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻOiai ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo i ko lākou wahi maoli, manu ʻole nā manu ʻole a paʻakikī loa hoʻi i nā manu, ʻaʻole wale ke anilā a me ke ʻano o ke anilā o ka laulā, akā ʻo nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo nā haunaele i ka wā o ka pūnana i hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka helu o nā manu. ʻO ia mau mea e pili ana i nā jays, nā ʻaka, nā mopie, nā pueo tawny, nā squirrels, nā sparrowhawks, a me nā ermine. Aia kekahi mau hihia i ʻike ʻia no ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka ʻāhiu nui ʻano nui ma nā pūnana o nā ʻume.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, hoʻi nā finches i kā lākou pūnaewele pūnana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā hipa "like kāne"... Hiki mai nā kāne, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ma mua o ka wahine. ʻO nā hōʻailona nui o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā hānau ʻo ia nā leo kāhea o nā kāne, kahi like iki me ka ʻūlū ʻana o nā keiki keiki, me ke mele ʻana me ka mele nui.
Hele pū ka male ʻana me ka lele o nā kāne mai kahi a kahi, kahi mele a me nā hakakā pinepine. ʻAʻohe o ka moʻo maoli ʻana o nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha Passeriformes. Hana ʻia ke kaʻina pili pono ma ka honua a i ʻole nā lālā lāʻau mānoanoa.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ka pūnana ma kahi o ʻehā mau pule ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana. Ma kahi ʻāpana nui o ka laulā, hoʻoponopono nā finchhes i kekahi mau lā paʻa kauwela.
Kūkulu wale ʻia ka pūnana e nā wahine, akā na nā kāne ia e hāʻawi i nā mea pono āpau i ke kahua kūkulu, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia e nā lālā lahilahi a me nā lālā, nā aʻa a me nā koʻokoʻo. ʻO ke kinona o ka pūnana i hoʻopau pinepine pinepine ʻia, me kahi ʻoki kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kona mau paia ma waho e hoʻopili pono ʻia me nā ʻāpana o ka limu a i ʻole ka lichen, a me ka ʻili birch, kahi lawelawe maikaʻi loa o ka pūnana.
ʻO kahi paʻa piha, ma ke ʻano he rula, he 4-7 mau hua o kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula paha me ka hohonu a me ka mānoanoa, nā kikoʻula poni a poni. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka wahine i loko o ka incubation, a hānau ʻia nā keiki liʻiliʻi ma kahi liʻiliʻi ma mua o ʻelua mau pule... Hānai nā mākua ʻelua i kā lāua mau keiki, me ka hoʻohana ʻana no kēia kumu ma ka nui o nā ʻano invertebrates sedentary āpau, i hōʻike ʻia e nā nananana, nā ʻenuhe sawfly, a me nā ʻenuhe o nā butterflies. Noho nā moa ma lalo o ka pale o ka hale o nā mākua no ʻumikūmāhā mau lā, a ma hope e hoʻomaka ka wahine e hoʻomākaukau no ka lālau ʻelua, akā i loko o kahi pūnana i kūkulu hou ʻia.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO nā kumu anthropogenic nui e hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka nui o ka heluna heluna.
- hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā wahi noho manu;
- ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā ululāʻau "pala";
- nā kumu o ka hopohopo;
- ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā pūnana a me ka make ʻana o nā manu i loko o lākou;
- ka paʻa ʻole o ka lako o ka meaʻai;
- hana kūpono ʻole a ke kanaka.
ʻO kekahi o nā kumu i kaupalena nui i ka mahele a me ka nui o nā manu ʻo ka hemahema o nā wahi punana kūpono, ma muli o ka hopena o ka hoʻopau ʻana o nā manu i ka hana hou ʻana i kekahi wahi.
Luku pinepine ʻia nā pūnana ʻo Chaffinch i ka hoʻomaka mua o ke ola pūnana - i ka wā kūkulu, ke maʻalahi lākou e ʻike. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka heluna nui o nā finches ma ʻEulopa ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli miliona mau pā manu. ʻO ka nui o nā poʻe e pili ana i nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana finch a me nā ʻano pū kekahi i kaulana ma Asia.
