Kūpono nā kamaʻāina o ʻApelika ʻoi aku ka weliweli o ka babon ma mua o ka leopadi. Loaʻa ka manaʻo mai nā hālāwai pili loa me kēia mau ʻīlio ʻino, sneaky, pugniful a maʻalea hoʻi, e hōʻike mau nei i nā hōʻike hewa.
Hōʻike o ka baboon
ʻAe ʻae ʻia ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā baboons āpau e nā muzzles elongated, like ʻīlio, akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ke ʻano o ka hope (e like me ke kala o ka ʻahu a me ka nui) e pili ana i nā ʻano kikoʻī.
Mai ka manaʻo o ka hapanui o nā zoologists, ʻo ka genus Papio (baboons) kahi ʻelima mau ʻano primates mai ka ʻohana mōnika - anubis, baboon, hamadryl, babine Guinean a me baboon bear (chakma). ʻO kekahi poʻe ʻepekema, ka mea i hilinaʻi ʻole he hewa ka haki ʻana o ʻelima, hoʻohui i nā ʻano āpau i hoʻokahi hui.
Helehelena
ʻAneʻane ʻo 2 mau kāne ka nui ma mua o kā lākou wahine, a ʻo ka baboon bea ke nānā aku i ka mea i koho ʻia ma waena o ka Papio, e ulu ana a 1.2 m a kaupaona ʻia 40 kg. ʻIke ʻia ka baboon Guinea me he mea liʻiliʻi loa; ʻaʻole ʻoi aku kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hapalua mika a he 14 kg wale nō ke kaupaona.
ʻOkoʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka hulu (kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano o ke ʻano) mai ka palaunu a i ke kālā hina. Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā primates āpau e nā auwaha ikaika me nā ʻāʻī ʻoi a me nā maka maka paʻa. ʻAʻole hiki ke huikau ka babon wahine me nā kāne - he ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manamana a me nā mane keʻokeʻo i kāhiko ʻia i ko lākou poʻo. ʻAʻohe hulu ma ka waha, a pena ʻia ka ʻili ʻeleʻele a poni paha.
Mea nui! ʻAʻohe hulu ma ka puʻupuʻu, akā hoʻolako ʻia kēia ʻāpana o ke kino me nā callatic sciatic i ʻōlelo ʻia. Hu ae ka pupu o nā wahine a ʻulaʻula me ka hoʻomaka o ke kau hānau.
ʻO ka huelo o nā baboons e like me ke kolamu pololei, ʻōwili a hāpai ʻia ma ke kumu, a laila e kau manuahi ana i lalo.
Auila
ʻO ke ola o nā baboons piha i nā paʻakikī a me nā pilikia: pono mau lākou e makaʻala, pōloli i kekahi manawa a ʻike i ka make wai nui. No ka hapanui o ka lā, holoholo nā baboons i ka honua, e kaukaʻi ana i nā lālā ʻehā a i kekahi manawa piʻi i nā kumulāʻau. I mea e ola ai, pono e hui pū nā primates i nā pūʻā nui a hiki i ke kanahā mau ʻohana. I kahi hui, ʻeono mau kāne e hiki ke noho pū, ʻelua mau manawa i ka nui o nā wahine a me kā lākou mau keiki hui.
Me ka hōʻea ʻana o ke ahiahi, noho nā ʻīlio a hiamoe, piʻi i luna - ma nā kumu lāʻau a i ʻole nā pōhaku like. ʻO nā wahine, ma ke ʻano he rula, hoʻopuni i ko lākou mau alakaʻi. Hele lākou i ka hiamoe ʻoiai e noho ana, kahi e kōkua nui ʻia e nā kāhea ischial elastis, i ʻae ai no kahi manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole e ʻike i ka pilikia o ke kūlana i koho ʻia. Ua hele lākou i ke awakea, kahi kaiāulu i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia, ma waenakonu o laila he kāne alpha a me nā makuahine me nā keiki. Hele pū lākou a kiaʻi ʻia e nā kāne ʻōpio, ʻo lākou ka mea mua i hahau inā pilikia a ʻike ʻole ʻaʻole e hemo nā wahine mai ka pipi.
Hoihoi ia! Ke ulu ʻōpio nei i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻāʻo e hoʻokahuli i ke kāne nui, e holo ana i nā hakakā. ʻAʻoleʻike ka hakakā no ka mana i nā mea kuʻikahi: hoʻolohe ka mea nalo i ke alakaʻi a kaʻana like me ia i ka mea pio momona loa.
ʻAʻole kaua iki ke kaua no ke alakaʻi ʻana. E kū ai i ke kāne ʻoi loa o ka hoʻokūkū a ikaika hoʻi, hoʻokumu nā subdominants i nā kuʻikahi hakakā kuikawa. He mea kūpono kēia - ʻo nā kāne i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kūlana haʻahaʻa e maʻi a make i ka wā ma mua. Ma ka laulaha, hiki i nā baboons ke hiki ke hoʻololi i ka honua a me ka hoʻomanawanui kupaianaha, i hiki ai iā lākou ke noho i kahi manawa lōʻihi. I ka nahelehele, ola kēia mau moʻo a 30 mau makahiki, i nā zoo - a ma kahi o 45.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka homeland o ka baboon ka ʻaneʻane o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika holoʻokoʻa pau ʻole, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā wahi o kēlā me kēia ʻano. Loaʻa ka baboon bea ma ka ʻāina mai Angola a ʻApelika Hema a me Kenya; noho ʻo baboon a me nā anubis ma kahi ʻākau iki aku, e noho ana ma nā wahi kaulike ʻo ʻApelika mai ka hikina a ke komohana. Noho ʻia kahi laulā liʻiliʻi ākea e nā ʻano ʻelua i koe: noho ka babine Guinean ma Cameroon, Guinea a me Senegal, ʻoiai nā hamadryas e noho nei ma Sudan, ʻAtiopia, Somalia a me kahi ʻāpana o ka Peninsula Arabian (ʻĀpana Aden).
Hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻo Baboons i ke ola ma savannas, semi-desert a me nā wahi ulu lāʻau, a i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻokaumaha i nā poʻe, kahi kokoke a kokoke i ka nohona kanaka. ʻAʻole lilo nā mōneka i mea hoʻonāukiuki wale nō, akā me nā hoanoho impudent hoʻi.
Hoihoi ia! Ua ʻike ʻia nā kuko predatory o nā baboons i ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, i ka wā i huki ai lākou i ka meaʻai mai nā kamaʻāina o Cape Peninsula (ʻApelika Hema), nā mea kanu i luku ʻia a hoʻopau i nā holoholona.
Wahi a Justin O'Ryan, he limahana o ka ʻāpana aʻo baboon, ua aʻo kāna mau uku e wāwahi i nā puka aniani, e wehe i nā puka, a wehe i nā kaupaku i kaupaku ʻia. Akā weliweli ka pili ʻana o nā mōʻī me nā kānaka no nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua - nahu nā baboons a ʻōpala, a make ka poʻe iā lākou... No ka mālama ʻana i nā primates i ko lākou wahi nohona kuʻuna, kaohi nā mea pāʻani pāʻani i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pūʻā, e māka ana i nā holoholona me ka pena mai nā pū panapana.
Papaʻai babon
Makemake nā mōneka i nā meaʻai mea kanu, akā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lākou e hāʻawi i ka holoholona. I ka ʻimi ʻana i nā lako kūpono, uhi lākou mai 20 a 60 km i kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻohui (mahalo i ke kala o ko lākou huluhulu) me ke kumu nui o ia wahi.
ʻO ka papaʻai o nā baboons:
- nā huaʻai, nā rhizome a me nā paipu;
- na anoano a me na mauu;
- pūpū a me ka iʻa;
- nā mea kolo;
- hulu;
- nā hare;
- antelope ʻōpio.
Akā ʻaʻole i māʻona nā baboons i nā makana o ke kūlohelohe no ka manawa lōʻihi - ua hoʻohana ka poʻe dodgers i huelo ʻia e ʻaihue i nā meaʻai mai nā kaʻa, nā hale a me nā kini ʻōpala. I ka hema o ʻApelika, hoʻonui ʻiʻo kēia mau moʻo i nā holoholona (hipa a me nā kao).
Hoihoi ia! I kēlā me kēia makahiki ulu ka makemake o primates: ke nānā nei i nā hui he 16 o nā baboons bea i hōʻike he hoʻokahi wale nō pūʻulu i piha me ka nāhelehele, a ʻo ke koena ua aʻo hou ʻia ma ke ʻano he poʻe hao wale.
ʻO ka lā aloha ʻole ʻApelika, e hoʻomaloʻo ana i nā kahawai pāpaʻu, e hoʻoikaika iā mākou e ʻike i nā kumu wai ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā mōneka e huki i ka wai ma ka ʻeli ʻana i ka lalo o nā kino maloʻo o ka wai.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Hōʻalo nā Predators i nā baboons makua, ʻo ka mea hoʻi e hele wāwae ana i nā pūʻā nui, akā ʻaʻole lākou e haʻalele i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻouka i kahi wahine, pelekikena nāwaliwali a ʻōpio paha.
Ma kahi ākea ma luna o ka pūʻā, ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana e nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe e like me:
- he liona;
- cheetah;
- leopadi;
- hyena ʻike ʻia;
- ʻīlio ʻīlio hihiu,
- ʻīlio hyena;
- Noke crocodile;
- mamba ʻeleʻele (kākaʻikahi).
ʻO nā kāne ʻōpio, e hele wāwae ana ma nā lihi o ka pūʻā, e kiaʻi mau i ka ʻāina a, ke ʻike nei i ka ʻenemi, e kū ana i kahi crescent e ʻoki aku iā ia mai kona ʻohana. Lilo ka hae makaʻu i hōʻailona o ka makaʻu, ke hoʻolohe nei, nā wahine me nā keiki e hui pū ana, a hele mai nā kāne i mua.
Makaʻu loa lākou - he minoʻaka hewa a hoʻouluulu i ka hulu i ke ʻano o ka mākaukau no kahi kaua aloha ʻole.... ʻO ka mea ʻaihue, nāna i hoʻolohe ʻole i ka hoʻoweliweli, manaʻo koke ʻo ia i kona ʻili ponoʻī pehea e hana ai ka pūʻali koa baboon, a hoʻi pinepine me ka hana ʻole.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻAʻole hiki i nā kāne āpau me ka hoʻomaka o ke kau moʻa ke komo i ke kino o ka wahine: ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ke kūlana a me ka makahiki o ka mea noi, nā liʻiliʻi o ka manawa like. Hiki i ka moekolohe keakea ʻole ʻia me ke kāne kāne nui, ka mea nona ke kuleana makemake e hoa me kekahi hoa o ka bipi.
Wahine lehulehu
Ma kēia mea, hoihoi loa nā hopena o nā mea i nānā ʻia i nā pā ākea ākea. Ua noʻonoʻo nā biologists pehea e hoʻopili ai ka makahiki o ke kāne me ka wahine polygamy, a i ʻole, me ka likelike o ka loaʻa ʻana o kāna harem ponoʻī. Ua ʻike ʻia he 4 mau makahiki wale nō nā baboons e komo ana i ka wā hānau keiki. Hoʻokahi wale nō kāne o ʻehiku makahiki wale nō ke kāne i loaʻa i kahi harem, hoʻokahi wahine.
Hoihoi ia! Hāʻawi ʻia ka pono o ka wahine polygamy i nā baboons aviary i hōʻea i 9 mau makahiki, a i loko o nā makahiki he 3-4 e hiki mai ana ka hoʻomau i ka hoʻoikaika i ka kuleana i kekahi harem.
I ka mahele o nā baboons 9-11 mau makahiki, ua lilo ka hapalua i polygamists, a ua ulu ka wahine i ka makahiki 12-14. No laila, ma waena o nā mōneka he 12 mau makahiki, 80% o kēlā me kēia kanaka i hoʻohana i nā harem ponoʻī. A ʻo ka mea hope loa, ʻo nā haremene nui loa (i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā papa o nā makahiki ʻōpio) he mau baboons i hele i ka laina ma 13 a me 14 mau makahiki. Akā i nā kāne he 15 mau makahiki, ua hoʻomaka ka hāneʻe liʻiliʻi o nā haremene.
Hānau hānau
Kaua pinepine nā Baboons no nā wahine, a ma kekahi mau ʻano ʻaʻole lākou e haʻalele iā ia ma hope o ka moekolohe maikaʻi - loaʻa lākou i ka meaʻai, hānau a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki hānau hou. Noho ka hāpai ʻana mai 154 a 183 mau lā a hoʻopau me ka hānau ʻana o kahi bipi keiki hoʻokahi e kaupaona ana ma kahi o 0.4 kg. ʻO ka pēpē, me kahi muaka ʻulaʻula a me ka hulu ʻeleʻele, pili i ka ʻōpū o ka makuahine e huakaʻi me kona makuahine, i ka manawa like e hānai ana i kāna waiū. I ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, neʻe ke keiki ma kona kua, kū i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū i ka piha ʻana o 6 mau mahina.
I ka piha ʻana o ka babon i 4 mau mahina, pouli ka maka, a hoʻomālamalama ka ʻahu, e loaʻa ana nā kani hina a ʻeleʻele paha. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu hope loa e hōʻike ʻia e ka makahiki. Hoʻohui nā primates mai kā lākou mau makuahine i kahi hui e pili ana, hiki i ka momona ma mua o 3-5 mau makahiki. Noho mau nā wahine ʻōpio me ko lākou makuahine, a haʻalele nā kāne i ka pipi me ke kali ʻole no ka ʻōpio.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I nā wahi kuʻuna o nā baboons, ke hana nei ka wao nahele, kahi e hopena maikaʻi ʻole ai i ka helu o nā moʻo. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui lehulehu ʻia kekahi mau ʻano baboons ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka emi ʻana o ka lehulehu o nā mea ʻaihue, e laʻa me nā liona, nā ʻīlio ʻulaʻula, nā leopadi a me nā hyenas, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻApelika.
Wahi a nā zoologists, ua ulu mua ka hoʻomāhuahua ʻole o ka heluna o nā baboons i kekahi mau pilikia - ua komo nā holoholona i nā panalāʻau hou, kahi i hoʻomaka ai lākou e launa pū me nā kānaka. Ua hoʻonāukiuki kēia i kahi piʻi i ʻike ʻia i nā maʻi infectious, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ʻia nā baboons i nā mea lawe i nā parasites ʻōpū.
I kēia lā, ʻaʻole hoʻokomo ka papa inoa o nā lālani ʻaneʻane i ka baboon bear, ka mea hiki ʻole ke ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i nā ʻano pilina ʻē aʻe.... ʻO ka ʻāpana o nā lehulehu, mai ka manaʻo o ka poʻe noiʻi, pono e nānā a lawe ʻia ma lalo o ka pale.
Hoihoi ia! Hōʻike ka baboon a me ke kāne i nā palena electrophysiological like o nā wā hiamoe. Hoʻohui ʻia, pili lākou i nā nuances biology ʻē aʻe - ka hāmeʻa o ka ʻōnaehana hānau, nā hormones a me nā hematopoiesis.
ʻO kekahi o nā ana e hilinaʻi ʻia e kōkua ai e mālama i ka heluna nui o ka baboon ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona i nā pā kūlohelohe, nā wahi holoholona a me nā kahu hānai. Hoʻomanaʻo e ʻike ʻia nā baboons ʻo ia paha nā primata akamai loa, mahalo i lilo ai lākou i mea momona no ke aʻo ʻana.
