ʻO ka merganser ihu lōʻihi (Mergus serrator) pili i ka ʻohana duck, ke kauoha Anseriformes.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
ʻO ka merganser ihu lōʻihi ka ʻūlū luʻu. ʻAno e like me ka pintail, akā kū i waho me ka nuku lahilahi a me ke kala o ka plumage. Ma kahi o 58 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kino.ʻO nā eheu mai 71 a 86 centimita. Kaona: 1000 - 1250 g He ʻulaʻula ka nuku, ʻeleʻele ke poʻo me kahi aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hāʻawi ke koloke keʻokeʻo iā ia i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa. Hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ke kāne kāne e ka lua piko ma ke kua o ke poʻo a me kahi kaula pouli ākea ma ka goiter. Mālamalama ka umauma, ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula. Hoʻohui, he mau ʻaoʻao streaky hina kona. Aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona i ʻike ʻia o nā kiko ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o nā ʻeheu. Holo kahi kaula ʻeleʻele ma ka piko o ka ʻāʻī a me ke kua.
Hinahina ka hū o ka wahine. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke poʻo ma ka hope o ke poʻo, pena ʻia i kahi hina - malu ʻulaʻula. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. ʻO ke kala hina-ʻulaʻula o ka ʻāʻī me ka ʻole o nā palena ʻoiʻoi huli i ka hina, a ma ka umauma i keʻokeʻo. Hinahina ʻeleʻele i ke kino o luna. Ke keʻokeʻo ke aniani, palena ʻia e ka laina ʻeleʻele, a ma hope e ʻike ʻia kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke kala o ka plumage o ke kāne i ka plumage kauwela, e like me ka wahine, he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele wale nō ke kua. ʻO ke kolu o ka ʻāpana keʻokeʻo e holo i ka piko o ka ʻēheu. ʻAʻole ia e hōʻike i ka laina kukui ma waena o ka maka a me ka nuku, kahi a ka ʻāpō. ʻUlaʻula ka iris i ke kāne, ʻeleʻele i ka wahine.
ʻO nā mergansers ihu lōʻihi ʻōpio i ke kala o ka plumage, like me ka wahine, akā pōkole ko lākou kihi, ʻo nā ʻōmole a pau nā leo ʻeleʻele. Mālena melemele nā wāwae. Loaʻa i nā kāne i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi makahiki ke kala waena o ka plumage ma waena o ke kala o nā kāne a me nā wahine.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o kahi merganser ihu lōʻihi.
ʻO ka leo o kahi manu o ka laha Mergus serrator:
Nā wahi noho o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
Noho ka poʻe ihu ihu loloa ma nā kapakai ulu lāʻau o nā loko hohonu, nā kahawai liʻiliʻi a me nā kahawai me kahi au kaulike. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia i nā ululāʻau, tundal a me nā ululāʻau, a loaʻa pū i loko o nā wai saline e like me nā kahawai pāpaʻu malu, nā kahawai, nā kahawai a i ʻole nā muliwai me ke one ma mua o nā kumulāʻau palolo. Makemake lākou i nā kahawai haiki, ma mua o nā wahi ākea o ka wai, mālama kokoke i nā mokupuni a i ʻole nā mokupuni a me nā kuha, a kokoke i nā pōhaku e kū ana a i ʻole nā kahakai hoʻi.
Ma hope o ka pūnana ʻana, ka hoʻoilo merganser i ke kai, hānai i ke kai kahakai a me nā kai, nā wai wai, nā kahawai a me nā kai kūʻono. Koho nā ihu ihu loloa i nā kino wai maʻemaʻe, pāpaʻu, kahi e kū ʻole ai nā nalu koʻikoʻi. Ma ka lele, kū lākou ma nā loko wai nui.
Hoʻolahalaha o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
Hoʻolahalaha nā mergansers ihu lōʻihi i nā ʻĀkau o ka ʻĀkau ʻAmelika ʻAkau, a laila neʻe i ka hema i Great Lakes. Loaʻa lākou iā lākou ma ka hema o Northern Eurasia, ma Greenland, ʻIlia, Pelekane Nui, ma nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa. Noho lākou i nā ʻākau a me nā hikina o Kina a me ka ʻākau ʻo Iapana. ʻOi aku ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hoʻoilo a hoʻokomo i ke kapakai o ka ʻAkelanika a me ka Moana Pākīpika ma ʻAmelika Hema, ka ʻāina o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa a me ke Kaiwaenahonua. ʻO ke kahakai kaiʻeleʻele, ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke Kai Caspian, ke kahakai ma ka hema o Pakistan a me ʻIrana, a me nā wahi kai o ke kahakai o Korea. Lele ka poʻe ihu ihu lōʻihi i ka hoʻoilo ma ka hema o ke kai ʻo Baletika a ma kahakai o ʻEulopa, e hana ana i nā hui nui.
ʻO ka pūnana a me ka hana hou ʻana o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
Makemake nā mergans ihu lōʻihi e pūnana ma nā kapa o nā kahawai kuahiwi a i ʻole nā mokupuni mai ʻApelila a Mei paha (ma hope ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau) i nā hui ʻokoʻa a i nā kolone. Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnana ma kahi mamao ma kahi o 25 mau mika mai ka wai ma nā wahi like ʻole. ʻIke ʻia kahi wahi mehameha i nā kaumaha maoli ma ka honua, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, i nā niches kokoke i nā pōhaku, i waena o nā kumulāʻau a i ʻole nā aʻa ʻole, i nā lua o nā kumulāʻau, i nā gullies, nā pūnana hana, i waena o nā ʻohe a i ʻole nā moena ʻohe lana lana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pūnana hollow a ʻino paha me kahi puka komo me ke anawaena o 10 cm a me kahi kaumaha ma kahi o 30-40 cm.
I kekahi manawa hoʻonohonoho nā mergansers liʻiliʻi i kahi pūnana ma ka honua wale nō, e hūnā ana ma lalo o nā ululāʻau, nā lālā e kau haʻahaʻa ana a i ʻole ka mauʻu mauʻu.
Koho nā ʻūlū o kēia ʻano i kahi mehameha i ʻike ʻole ʻia ka wahine e noho ana ma luna o nā hua. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala i lalo a kanu ʻia e like me ka uhi. ʻO ka pūnana wahine ma kahi paʻa no nā makahiki he nui. I loko o kahi paʻa, aia he 7-12 mau hua me ka momona, ʻeleʻele lahilahi a i ʻole pūpū. ʻO nā hua he 5.6-7.1 x 4.0-4.8 cm ka nui. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i ka paʻa no 26-35 mau lā. ʻAi ʻo Broods i nā kahawai. Hoʻohui kūʻokoʻa ʻōpio i ʻelua mau makahiki o ka lele kūʻokoʻa. Akoakoa nā kāne i loko o nā hipa i Iulai a lele e molt i nā kai kai pāpaʻu a me nā kahawai tundra. Molt pinepine nā kāne i nā wahi pūnana i loko o nā ululāʻau. Hoʻopiʻi nā mergansers ihu lōʻihi ma hope o ka hiki ʻana i nā makahiki o 2-3.
ʻO ka meaʻai o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
ʻO ka meaʻai nui o ka merganser ihu loloa ka hapa nui, iʻa kai a i ʻole iʻa wai ʻino, a me kahi mea liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu a me nā invertebrates wai, e like me nā crustacean (shrimp and crayfish), nā ilo, nā larva insect. I ka wai pāpaʻu, hānai nā ʻāpō i nā hipa, e hoʻonohonoho ana i kahi ʻimi ʻimi no ka iʻa iʻa. No ka hoʻoilo, lele ka poʻe ihu ihu lōʻihi i ka waha o ka muliwai a i ke kahakai o nā kahawai pāpaʻu.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
ʻO nā Mergansers ihu lōʻihi he manu neʻe loa, ʻoiai ma nā wahi akahai hele lākou i nā huakaʻi pōkole i nā kahakai kokoke a noho paha i nā wahi hānai i loko o ka makahiki. Akoakoa pinepine nā manu makua ma nā kahakai ke pau ka wā hānau.
ʻO nā kumu o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka helu o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
ʻO nā mergans ihu lōʻihi kahi mea o ka hopu holoholona a hiki ke kī ʻia i hope. Alualu ʻia nā manu ma ʻAmelika Hema a me Denmark, ʻoiai ʻaʻole makemake nui ʻia kēia ʻano no ka ʻimi holoholona. Hoʻopiʻi ka poʻe lawaiʻa a me nā mahiʻai iʻa i kēia laha no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā waihona iʻa.
Hāʻule hāʻule ʻole nā mergans ihu lōʻihi i loko a hihia i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa.
ʻO nā loli, ka hana ʻana i ka wai a me ka nāhelehele ʻana, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka nohona, ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o nā kino wai ka mea hoʻoweliweli nui i kēia ʻano. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mergans ihu lōʻihi i ka maʻi lele avian, no laila ke hāpai nei nā maʻi hou o ka maʻi i nā hopohopo koʻikoʻi. ʻO ke kūlana mālama o ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
Pale aku ka merganser ihu lōʻihi e ka EU Birds Directive Appendix II. Ua hoʻonui ka mānoanoa o kēia ʻano ma nā mokupuni ma waho o ka pae moku ma ke komohana hema o Finelani ma muli o ka hemo ʻana o ka mink feral American. I mea e mālama ai i nā laha, hoʻonoho ʻia nā pūnana ʻino i nā wahi kūpono, kahi e hānai ai nā manu. Pono e mālama pono i nā kānāwai ma ke ʻeli ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana aila ma nā wahi kai. Hoʻohui ʻia, pono e hana i nā ana e hōʻemi ai i ka iʻa o ka iʻa. ʻO nā ana e pale ai i nā loli i ka nohona nā wahi nui o ka pale no ka merganser ihu lōʻihi.
