ʻO ka pālolo canvas (aka ka ʻāpule poʻo ʻulaʻula ʻAmelika, Lākina - Aythya americana) no ka ʻohana duck, ke kauoha Anseriformes.
Pālahalaha ka luʻu kanvas.
Loaʻa ka peʻa peʻa ma nā papu o ke kikowaena o ʻAmelika Hema, e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa mai Colorado a me Nevada, Northern British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Yukon, a me Central Alaska. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua pālahalaha aku ma ka ʻākau aʻe. Kū ka overwintering i nā wahi mai kahakai Pākīpika komohana, ma ka hema ʻo Great Lakes, a ma ka hema a hiki i Florida, Mexico a me Kaleponi. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili hoʻoilo nui loa ma Lake St. Clair, ka muliwai ʻo Detroit a me ka hikina ʻo Lake Erie, Puget Sound, San Francisco Bay, Delta Misisipi, Chesapeake Bay, a me Carrituck.
Lohe i ka leo o ka luʻu canvas.
ʻO ka nohona o ka luʻu canvas.
I ka wā hānau, loaʻa nā luʻu canvas i nā wahi me nā kino wai liʻiliʻi, kahi e lohi ai ke au. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i nā wahi me nā loko liʻiliʻi a me nā loko iʻa, i nā bogs me nā mea ulu ulu e like me cattail, ʻohe, a me nā ʻohe. I ka wā o ka neʻe a me ka hoʻoilo, noho lākou i nā wahi wai me ka nui o ka meaʻai, i nā waha o ka muliwai, nā loko nui, nā kahakai a me nā kahakai, a me nā kahawai o nā kahawai nui. Ma ke ala, kū lākou ma nā māla i hoʻopihapiha ʻia a me nā loko iʻa.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o kahi luʻu canvas.
ʻO nā luʻu ʻo Canvas he "aristocrats" maoli i waena o nā pālule, ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻano wehewehe no ko lākou helehelena nani. ʻO kēia nā pōpō luʻu nui loa. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, mai 51 a 56 cm ka lōʻihi. Kaupaona lākou 863 a 1.589 g. ʻO nā wahine me ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 48 a 52 cm a me ke kaumaha mai 908 a 1.543 g.
Kū ʻokoʻa ka luʻu canvas mai nā ʻano pato ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole wale i ko lākou nui nui, akā i ko lākou ʻano lōʻihi, papakū, poʻo poʻohiwi, e kau pono ana ma ka ʻāʻī lōʻihi. ʻO nā kāne i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka plumage, ʻaʻole lākou e loli no ka hapa nui o ka makahiki, he poʻo ʻulaʻula a me ʻāʻī. ʻEleʻele ka umauma, ʻeheu keʻokeʻo, nā ʻaoʻao a me ka ʻōpū. ʻEleʻele nā hulu o luna a me nā huelo. Hinahina ʻeleʻele nā wāwae a ʻeleʻele ka nuku. ʻĀnohinohi ʻia nā wahine, akā like me nā kāne. He ʻeleʻele ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻO nā ʻeheu, nā ʻaoʻao, a me ka ʻōpū keʻokeʻo a hina paha, ʻoiai he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ka huelo a me ka umauma. He plumage brownish nā luʻu kanvas ʻōpio.
Hana hou i ka luʻu canvas.
Hoʻokomo ka luʻu lūlū ma ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o ka pūnāwai a noho mau me kahi hoa i ka wā, ʻoiai kekahi mau kāne e male me nā wahine ʻē aʻe. I waenakonu o ka nohona aloha, hoʻopuni ʻia ka wahine e 3 a 8 mau kāne. Hoʻokipa lākou i ka wahine, hoʻolōʻihi i ko lākou ʻāʻī, hoʻolei i ko lākou poʻo i mua, a laila huli i ko lākou poʻo i hope.
Koho ka wahine i nā pūnaewele pūnana like i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hoʻoholo ʻia nā panalāʻau kau i ka hopena o ʻApelila, akā ʻo ka piko o ka pūnana i Mei - Iune. Hoʻokahi hua o ka manu i hoʻokahi makahiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai e hānau hou nā ʻāʻī inā hoʻopau ʻia ka pua mua. Kūkulu ʻia nā pūnana i nā mea kanu e ulu aʻe ma luna o ka wai, ʻoiai kūkulu lākou i nā pūnana ma ka ʻāina kokoke i ka wai. Hoʻomoe nā wahine he 5 a 11 mau hua ʻoluʻolu, elliptical, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
I loko o kahi paʻa, e pili ana i ka ʻāina, aia he 6 a 8 mau hua ma kēlā me kēia pūnana, akā i kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ka nui ma muli o ka pūnana parasitism. Kū ka Incubation no 24 - 29 lā. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio ke ʻauʻau a loaʻa koke ka meaʻai. Ke ʻike ka wahine i ka mea ʻino ma kahi o ka pua, ʻauʻau mālie ʻo ia e hoʻohuli i ka nānā. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka ʻēpē me ka leo i nā pēpē ʻōpiopio i loaʻa iā lākou ka manawa e peʻe ai i nā mea kanu mānoanoa. Ma waho o ka wā hānau, hana nā manu i nā hui nui, kahi e kōkua ai e hōʻalo i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻia e nā mea ʻino. Akā nō naʻe, a make i ka 60% o nā moa.
Ua holo ʻo Chicks i ka makahiki 56 a 68 mau lā.
Kūkulu nā wahine i nā pūnana mai nā mea kanu a me nā hulu. Pale ikaika nā kāne i kā lākou wahi punana a me nā pūnana, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka pule mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoulu. A laila hoʻonui lākou i ka manawa ma kahi o ka pūnana. Haʻalele nā wahine i ka pūnana a me ka pua i loko o 24 mau hola ma hope o ke ʻano o nā keiki keiki a neʻe i nā waihona wai nui me nā mea kanu ulu ulu nui.
Noho lākou me nā ʻalā a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana a pale iā lākou mai nā mea ʻaihue. Noho nā luʻu ʻo Canvas i ko lākou wahi maoli no kahi palena o 22 mau makahiki a me 7 mau mahina. I ka hopena o ʻAukake a i ʻole ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemapa, hoʻokumu nā ʻāpō ʻōpē i nā hui e hoʻomākaukau no ka neʻe ʻana. Hāpai lākou i ka makahiki aʻe.
ʻO ka helu ola makahiki no nā luʻu mākua i koho ʻia ma 82% no nā kāne a me 69% no nā wahine. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, pepehi ʻia nā ʻāpā e ka hopu holoholona, nā hoʻokuʻi, nā mea make pesticide a i ke wā anuanu.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lawena o kahi luʻu canvas.
Ke hana nei nā luʻu canvas i ka lā. He manu pili kaiaulu lākou a neʻe i ke kau ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Lele lākou i nā pūʻulu manuahi V me ka wikiwiki a 90 km / h. Ma mua o ka hemo ʻana, hoʻopuehu lākou ma ka wai. ʻO kēia mau ʻūlū kaukau maikaʻi a me ka ikaika i nā ʻauʻau kai, me ko lākou mau wāwae i ka hope o ke kino. Lilo lākou i 20% o ko lākou manawa ma ka wai a luʻu i kahi hohonu o 9 mau mika. Noho lākou ma lalo o ka wai 10 a 20 kekona. Hoʻololi nā wahi hānau i ka nui i ka wā hānau. ʻO kahi e hoʻomoe ai ma kahi o 73 hectares ma mua o ka pūnana ʻana, a laila hoʻonui ʻia i 150 hectares ma mua o ka hoʻomoe ʻana, a laila e ʻemi a ma kahi o 25 hectares ke waiho mua nā hua.
Hānai luʻu canvas.
ʻO ka luʻu canvas nā manu omnivorous. I ka wā hoʻoilo a me ka neʻe ʻana, hānai lākou i nā mea kanu wai e like me nā ʻōpuʻu, nā aʻa, nā tubers a me nā rhizome. ʻAi lākou i nā gastropods liʻiliʻi a me nā molluscs bivalve i ka wā. I ka wā hānau, hoʻopau lākou i nā snails, caddis larvae a me nā nymphs o nā dragonflies a me nā mayflies, larvae mosquito - bele. Ma waho o ka wā hānau, hānai ka luʻu canvas i nā hipa a hiki i ka 1000 manu i ka nui i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. Lālau kēia mau peʻa luʻu i ka meaʻai ke luʻu a hopu paha i ka mea pio mai luna o ka wai a me ka ea.
Kūlana mālama o ka luʻu canvas.
Pale ʻia ka luʻu canvas, i pale ʻia e like me nā lāhui neʻe i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Mexico a me Kanada. ʻAʻoleʻike kēia ʻano i nā hoʻoweliweli ikaika i kāna helu. Eia nō naʻe, ke emi nei nā helu manu ma muli o ke kī ʻana, ka hōʻino ʻana o ka nohona, ka haumia o nā wahi a me nā hoʻokuʻi me nā kaʻa a i ʻole nā mea kū.
He hopena ikaika loa ka ʻimi ʻana o ke kauwela i ka neʻe ʻana o nā manu. I ka makahiki 1999, ua manaʻo ʻia he 87,000 i luku ʻia ma United States. Hiki ke luʻu ʻia ʻo ka luʻu canvas i nā toxins e hōʻiliʻili i nā sediment. Heʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia i nā wahi me nā ʻoihana ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka muliwai Detroit. ʻO nā ʻano hopohopo liʻiliʻi e IUCN.
