Ua hohola ʻia ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika
Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika ma Sub-Saharan ʻApelika, ʻoiai aia nō ia i loko o ka Arabian Peninsula, kahi i hoʻolauna ʻia e nā kānaka. Noho kēia ʻano koʻokoʻo i nā savannas o ʻApelika.
Hele ka wahi mai Senegal ma o ka Sahel a hiki i Sudan a me ʻAitiopa, mai aneʻi ma nā kualono ma Uganda a me Central Kenya. ʻAʻole maopopo ka noho ʻana ma waena o Tanzania a me Zambia. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano ma ke awāwa ʻo Nile, kahi e kaupalena ʻia ai ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi kahawai kahawai hāiki. Hoʻohui ʻia, noho ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika ma kahi o ʻekolu mau kuahiwi hoʻokaʻawale o ka Sahara.
Ma ʻAitiopa, ʻaʻole piʻi ia ma luna o 1600 m ma luna o ka ʻilikai. Noho pū kekahi ma Burkina Faso, Burundi, Lepupalika ʻApelika Waena. Nā lāhui ma Chad, Kongo, Cote dʻIvoire, ʻAigupita, Eritrea, Sierra Leone, Yemen. A ʻo Gambia hoʻi, Ghana, Malawi, Mauritania, Niger a ʻoi aku ʻo Nigeria.
Nā wahi noho o ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika i nā nāhelehele, nā sabana, a me nā kaiāulu ulu. ʻIʻike pinepine ʻia ia ma kahi kokoke i nā kauhale a me nā wahi i hoʻohuli ʻia e ke kanaka.
Hana nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika i nā lua kolone, no laila he mau koi lākou no ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka lepo.
Hoʻohui, hoʻonohonoho nā rodents i nā hale malumalu ma lalo o nā ululāʻau, nā kumu lāʻau, nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā puʻu termite, kahi e pūnana ai lākou. ʻO nā ʻano wahi like ʻole, e like me nā savannah maloʻo, nā wao akua, nā kahakai kahakai, nā ulu lāʻau, nā mauʻu mauʻu, a me nā mea ulu e hāʻawi i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka pale ʻana o kaʻiole. ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika
ʻO ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika kahi rodent nona ka nui o ke kino ma kahi o 10.6 cm - 20.4 cm.ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo he 100 mm. ʻO ke kaulike kaulike o kahi ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika he 118 gram, me kahi pae o 50 gram a 183 gram. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.
He poepoe ke ʻano o ke poʻo, he poepoe nā auricle. Pōkole ka hulu me nā lauoho lauoho maikaʻi. ʻAʻole alualu nā lūlū. Pōkole iki ka waha, a uhi ʻia ka hiʻu me nā lauoho liʻiliʻi a ʻike ʻole ʻia. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ka hope o ka wāwae. Ma nā wāwae o ka hope, ua hoʻohālikelike nā manamana wāwae ʻekolu i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i waho. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mua, me kahi manamana liʻiliʻi pōkole akā ʻoluʻolu.
ʻAʻole maopopo nā ʻano ʻokoʻa i ke kala o ka ʻahu.
ʻO ka hulu ma ke kua ka hulu o nā lauoho apo e ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha i ke kumu, melemele māmā, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a ʻoka paha ma ka waena, a ʻeleʻele i ka piko. Pōkole ka undercoat, ʻeleʻele nā lauoho kiaʻi, he kala pū kekahi ko lākou. ʻOi aku ka pōkole a me ka māmā o ka lauoho ventral.
ʻO kaʻiole mauʻu ʻōiwi o ʻApelika
ʻO ka kolone ʻĀlika mauʻu i haku ʻia i ka helu kaulike o nā kāne a me nā wahine, me nā wahine i ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne. Hele pinepine nā kāne i nā kolone ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai e noho mau ana nā wahine ʻōpio hou i kahi paʻa.
Hiki i nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika ke hoʻoulu i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻomaka ka wā hānau nui i ka mua o Malaki a mau a hiki i ʻOkakopa.
Kūʻokoʻa nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻōpio o ʻApelika i ka makahiki o ʻekolu mau pule paha, a hāʻawi i nā keiki ma hope o 3-4 mau mahina. Haʻalele nā kāne ʻōpio i ke kolone ke hiki lākou i 9-11 mau mahina.
Pale nā wahine i kā lākou keiki a hānai i nā ʻōpio ma kahi o 21 mau lā. Noho kokoke nā kāne i kēia wā a ʻaʻole komo i ka hānai ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke ʻūlū i kā lākou keiki, i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana i nā koʻokoʻo. I ka pio ʻana, ola nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika no 1-2 mau makahiki, ua ola hoʻokahi ʻiole no 6 makahiki.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana a ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika
ʻO nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika nā koʻokoʻo gregarious e noho ana i nā lua lalo. He mau komo komo kēia mau lua a hiki i kahi hohonu o 20 mau kenimika. Loaʻa lākou i ke kumu o nā kumu lāʻau, nā kumulāʻau, nā ʻāpana pōhaku, nā puʻu kauapo, a me nā wahi ʻeli eli hiki ke loaʻa. Pāʻani ʻo Rodents a hui pū, me ka ʻole o ka makahiki a me ka ʻokoʻa o ka wahine i ka lawena.
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hana keu a ka nohona koloneialia ka hana a mālama ʻana o kahi "kaola", ma mua o ka puka ʻana i nā lua, o nā ʻano a me nā lōʻihi like ʻole. Lawe nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika i kēia wahi i nā mea kanu a pau a me nā ālaina liʻiliʻi i hiki ai iā lākou ke komo maʻalahi i ka lua ma o ka manuahi i ka wā maloʻo. ʻO ka helu o nā ala e ʻokoʻa aʻe mai ka lua a me ka mānoanoa o ka mauʻu i ʻoki ʻia e pili i ka mamao mai ka puʻuhonua.
I ka wā ua, ʻaʻole hana nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika i nā kaha a hoʻopau i ka mālama ʻana i nā ala kahiko. I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā lākou ka meaʻai kokoke i ka lua lua. ʻO ka hana nui o nā kaha ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi pakele wikiwiki mai nā mea ʻaihue e uhi. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻenemi, peʻe nā ʻiole pīhoihoi i ke ala kokoke e hiki aku i nā lua.
ʻO nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika ka lā, nocturnal a i ʻole crepuscular species.
Pono kahi kāne mai ka 1400 a i ka 2750 mau mika kūlike o ka teritori no kahi nohona ʻoluʻolu, ka wahine - mai 600 a 950 mau mika mika i nā kau maloʻo a me nā ua.
ʻAiʻai ʻiole ʻApelika mauʻu
ʻO nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika nā mea kanu nui. ʻAi lākou i ka mauʻu, nā lau a me nā kumu o nā mea kanu pua, ʻai i nā hua, nā nati, ka ʻili o kekahi ʻano lāʻau, nā mea kanu. Pākuʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa i nā meaʻai me nā ʻano ʻōlapa.
ʻO ke kuleana kaiaolaola o ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika
ʻO ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika ka meaʻai nui no kekahi o nā holoholona ʻo ʻApelika. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻino nā mahiʻai i hoʻokūkū pū ʻia me nā rodents ʻē aʻe o ʻApelika, nā gerbil, a no laila loaʻa ka hopena ikaika i ka like ʻole o nā mea kanu. Eia nō naʻe, hānai lākou i kekahi mau ʻano mauʻu, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka hoʻokūkū ʻai ma waena o nā ʻiole a me nā ungulate.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika e hoʻouna i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi:
- maʻi ahulau bubonic ma ʻAigupita,
- schistosomiasis ʻōpū,
- virus huehue melemele laiki.
Hāʻawi ʻia i kā lākou hana hou wikiwiki ʻana, nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka nui o ke kino, hoʻohana ʻia nā rodents i ka noiʻi hale hana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, physiology, etymology a me nā mea e pili ana.
Ke kūlana mālama o ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika. ʻAʻohe ʻikepili ma kēia ʻano rodent ma ka IUCN Red List. Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ka ʻiole mauʻu ʻApelika, hoʻololi i nā loli i kahi e noho ai, malia he nui ka nui o nā kānaka, a no laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka nui o nā koʻokoʻo ke hōʻole wikiwiki e hiki ai ke koho no ka waeʻano o nā ʻano laha ʻole.
