ʻO Apistogram Ramirezi (Latin Mikrogeophagus ramirezi) a i ʻole butterfly cichlid (chromis butterfly) kahi iʻa aquarium liʻiliʻi, nani, a maluhia hoʻi, nona nā inoa like ʻole.
ʻOiai ua ʻike ʻia he 30 mau makahiki ma hope o kona hoahānau, ka butterfly Bolivian (Mikrogeophagus altispinosus), ʻo ia ka apistogram Ramirezi i ʻike nui ʻia a kūʻai ʻia aku i nā nui.
ʻOiai he dwarf kēia mau cichlids ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka butterfly ma mua o ka Bolivian a ulu a 5 cm, ma ke ʻano he nui iki ia, ma kahi o 7 cm.
Noho i ke kūlohelohe
Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ʻo Ramirezi's dwarf cichlid apistogram i ka makahiki 1948. Ma mua, ʻo Paplilochromis ramirezi a me Apistogramma ramirezi kona inoa ʻepekema, akā i ka makahiki 1998 ua kapa ʻia kēlā inoa ʻo Mikrogeophagus ramirezi, a he pololei ke kāhea ʻana iā Ramirezi microgeophagus āpau, akā e hāʻawi mākou i ka inoa maʻamau.
Noho ʻo ia ma ʻAmelika Hema, a manaʻo ʻia ʻo kona ʻāina hānau ʻo Amazon. Akā ʻaʻole maoli kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ma Amazon, akā pālahalaha ʻia i loko o konaʻauwai, i nā kahawai a me nā kahawai e hānai nei i kēia kahawai nui. Noho ʻo ia ma ke kahawai ʻo Orinoco ma Venezuela a me Colombia.
Makemake ʻo ia i nā loko a me nā loko iʻa me ka wai kū, a i ʻole ia i kahi au mālie loa, kahi he one a silt paha ma lalo, a me nā mea kanu he nui. Hānai lākou i ka ʻeli ʻana i ka honua i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai mea kanu a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Hānai pū lākou i ke kolamu wai a i kekahi manawa mai ka papa honua.
Wehewehe
ʻO ka chromis butterfly kahi cichlid liʻiliʻi a nani me nā kino oval a me nā peʻa kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻolālā nā kāne i kahi fin dorsal ʻoi aku ka nui a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā wahine, a i 5 cm ka lōʻihi.
ʻOiai ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe kahi kupu a hiki i 7 knm ka nui. Me ka mālama pono ʻana, ʻo ke ola o ke ola ma kahi o 4 mau makahiki, ʻaʻole nui ia, akā no ka iʻa o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole maikaʻi.
ʻĀlohilohi a nani hoʻi ke kala o kēia iʻa. ʻO nā maka ʻulaʻula, kahi poʻo melemele, kahi kino e ʻālohilohi ana i ka polū a me ka poni, a me kahi kiko ʻeleʻele hoʻi i ke kino a me nā wili uila. Pākuʻi ʻia nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole - gula, uila uliuli, albinos, pale.
E hoʻomaopopo he pinepine ia mau kala ʻōlinolino ka hopena o ka hoʻohui o nā ʻāpana kemika a i ʻole nā homoni i ka hānai. A i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi iʻa, makaʻu ʻoe i ka lilo koke ʻana iā ia.
Akā ʻaʻole pau kāna ʻano ʻokoʻa ma laila, ua kapa ʻia he ʻokoʻa loa: ka apistogram a Ramirezi, ka butterfly a Ramirez, butterfly chromis, butterfly cichlid a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Huikau kēia ʻano i nā amateurs, akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e kamaʻilio ana mākou e pili ana i ka iʻa like, i kekahi manawa he ʻokoʻa ke kala a i ʻole ke ʻano o ke kino.
E like me kēia mau ʻano like ʻole, e like me ka uila uila neon a i ʻole ke gula, ka hopena o ka lawehala a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa lohi o ka iʻa ma muli o ke komo intrageneric. Ma waho aʻe o ka nani, loaʻa i nā mea hou, ʻoi aku ka mālamalama i kahi ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali a me ka maʻamau o ka maʻi.
Makemake pū nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻohana i nā homone a me nā mea i hoʻokomo ʻia i mea e nani ai ka iʻa ma mua o ke kūʻai aku. No laila, inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e kūʻai iā ʻoe iho i kahi cichlid butterfly, a laila koho mai kahi mea kūʻai aku āu i ʻike ai i make ʻole kāu iʻa a lilo i ʻano hina hina nona iho ma hope o kekahi manawa.
Ka paʻakikī i ka ʻike
Ua ʻike ʻia ka butterfly ma ke ʻano he cichlids ʻoi loa no ka poʻe i hoʻoholo e hoʻāʻo e mālama i kēia ʻano iʻa na lākou. Liʻiliʻi ʻo ia, maluhia, ʻālohilohi loa, ʻai i nā ʻano meaʻai āpau.
ʻAʻole makemake ka butterfly i nā palena o ka wai a hoʻololi maikaʻi, akā maʻalahi i nā hoʻololi koke o nā palena. ʻOiai maʻalahi ka hānai ʻana iā ia, paʻakikī e hānai i ka ʻai.
A i kēia manawa, nui nā iʻa nāwaliwali, a make koke paha ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana, a i ʻole i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki. Kohu mea loli paha kēia no ka hana hou ʻole ʻia o ke koko no ka manawa lōʻihi a nāwaliwali ka iʻa. A i ʻole ke ʻano o ka mahi ʻia ʻana ma nā mahiʻai ma ʻAsia, kahi e mālama ʻia ai lākou i kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe o 30 ° C, a me ka wai ua ua kokoke.
ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka butterfly Chromis ma mua o nā cichlids ʻē aʻe, akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama a me ke kaniʻuhū. Maluhia loa ʻo Ramirezi, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo kekahi o nā cichlids liʻiliʻi i hiki ke mālama ʻia i loko o kahi aquarium like, ʻoiai me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi e like me nā neons a i ʻole nā guppi.
ʻOiai paha lākou e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona o ka hoʻouka ʻana, ʻoi aku ka makaʻu ma mua o ka hoʻouka maoli. A kū wale kēia inā komo kekahi i ko lākou ʻāina.
Hanai ana
He iʻa omnivorous kēia, ma ke ʻano maoli hānai ʻo ia i nā mea kanu a me nā meaola liʻiliʻi like ʻole i loaʻa iā ia i ka honua.
I loko o ka aquarium, ʻai ʻo ia i nā ʻano mea ola āpau a me nā meaʻai paʻahau - worworms, tubifex, corotra, shrine shrimp. ʻAi kekahi poʻe i nā flakes a me nā granule, ʻaʻole makemake nui ia.
Pono ʻoe e hānai iā ia i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha manawa o ka lā, i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. Ma muli o ka makaʻu o ka iʻa, he mea nui ka manawa e ʻai ai no kona mau hoalauna ola.
Ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka aquarium
Paipai ʻia ka nui o ka aquarium no ka mālama ʻana mai 70 liters. Makemake lākou i ka wai maʻemaʻe me ke kahe haʻahaʻa a me ka nui o ka oxygen.
Hoʻololi ka wai o kēlā me kēia pule a koi ʻia kahi siphon lepo, no ka mea, mālama nui ʻia ka iʻa ma lalo, kahi piʻi o ka pae o ka amonia a me nā nitrates i ka lepo e hoʻopili mua iā lākou.
He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e ana i ka nui o ka amonia i loko o ka wai i kēlā me kēia pule. Hiki i ke kānana ma loko a ma waho paha, makemake ʻia ka hope.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻohana i ke one a i ʻole ka ʻiliʻili maikaʻi e like me ka lepo, e like me ka makemake o nā butterflies e ʻeli i loko. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhiko i ka aquarium i ke kaila o ko lākou kahawai kamaʻāina ma ʻAmelika Hema. Ke one, nā wahi hūnā, nā ipu hao, nā lāʻau drift, a me nā nāhelehele mānoanoa.
Hiki ke kau ʻia nā lau lāʻau hina i lalo e hana i kahi ʻano kūlohelohe.
ʻAʻole makemake nā iʻa i ke kukui mālamalama, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i nā mea kanu lana ma luna o ka laha.
I kēia manawa hoʻololi maikaʻi lākou i nā palena wai o ka ʻāina kahi e noho ai lākou, akā maikaʻi lākou: ka mahana o ka wai 24-28C, ph: 6.0-7.5, 6-14 dGH.
Kūlike me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe
Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka butterfly i loko o ka aquarium maʻamau, me nā iʻa maluhia a me ka waena. Nāna wale nō e launa pū me nā iʻa, akā hiki i nā mea nui ke hoʻonāukiuki iā ia.
Hiki i nā hoanoho ke lilo i viviparous: gup Puppies, swordtails, platies a me mollies, a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole: neons, neon ʻulaʻula, rhodostomuse, rasbora, erythrozones.
No nā ʻike o Ramirezi apistograms me nā ʻōpae, ʻo ia, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi, akā he cichlid. A inā ʻaʻole hoʻopā ʻo ia i kahi ʻōpae nunui, a laila e ʻike ʻia ka mea liʻiliʻi he meaʻai.
Hiki i ka butterfly ramireza ke noho hoʻokahi a i ʻole pālua paha. Inā ʻoe e mālama i nā pālua, a laila ākea ka aquarium a loaʻa kahi hale, ʻoiai ʻo ka iʻa, e like me nā cichlids āpau, he ʻāina.
Ma ke ala, inā kūʻai ʻoe i pālua, ʻaʻole ia he kumu iki e ʻōpua lākou. Ma ke ʻano he kumu, kūʻai ʻia he ʻumikūmālani ʻōpio no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, e ʻae iā lākou e koho i kā lākou hoa ponoʻī.
ʻOkoʻa moekolohe
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka wahine mai ke kāne kāne i ka apistogram Ramirezi e ka ʻōpū ʻōlinolino, he ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha kāna.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kāne a me kahi fin dorsal ʻoi loa.
Hoʻohana hānau
I ke ʻano, hana ka iʻa i paʻa paʻa a kau i nā hua he 150-200 i ka manawa.
No ka ʻaila ʻana i loko o ka aquarium, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, kūʻai lākou i nā ʻai he 6-10 a hānai pū ʻia, a laila koho lākou i hoa no lākou iho. Inā kūʻai ʻoe i ke kāne a me ka wahine wale nō, a laila mamao loa ia i kahi hōʻoia e hana lākou i kahi pālua a hoʻomaka ka hānau ʻana.
Makemake nā pepelu Chromis e kau i kā lākou mau hua ma nā pōhaku maʻalahi a i nā lau ākea, i ke ahiahi i nā mahana o 25 - 28 ° C.
Pono lākou i kahi kihi mālie a hūnā hoʻi i mea ʻole kekahi iā lākou, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka caviar ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi. Inā hoʻomau ka paʻakikī o ka wahine e ʻai i nā hua ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hemo i nā mākua a hoʻāʻo e hānai iā ʻoe iho.
Hoʻolālā ka manawa o ka wahine i hana ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā pōhaku i koho ʻia ma mua o ke kau ʻana i nā hua ma luna o lāua. A laila kau ka wahine i ka 150-200 mau hua ʻalani, a hoʻomomona ke kāne iā lākou.
Mālama pū nā mākua i nā hua a peʻa iā lākou me nā peʻa. He nani loa lākou i kēia manawa.
Ma kahi o 60 mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, e pā mai ka larva, a ma hope o kekahi mau lā e ʻauʻau ka ʻai. E hoʻoneʻe ka wahine i ka palai i kahi wahi mehameha, akā e hoʻomaka paha ke kāne e hoʻouka iā ia, a laila pono e waiho.
Māhele kekahi mau hui i ka hua i loko o nā ʻohana hipa ʻelua, akā mālama mau ke kāne i ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa. Ke ʻauʻau lākou, lawe ke kāne iā lākou i loko o kona waha, "hoʻomaʻemaʻe", a laila kuha iā lākou i waho.
He mea hoʻomākeʻaka ke nānā aku i ke ʻano o ka male ʻana o kahi kāne ʻōniʻoniʻo ma hope o kekahi a holoi iā lākou i kona waha, a kuha iā lākou i waho. I kekahi manawa ʻeli ʻo ia i lua nui ma ka honua no kāna mau pēpē ulu a mālama iā lākou ma laila.
I ka wā i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ka ʻeke yolk o ka ʻai a ʻau aku lākou, ua hiki i ka manawa e hoʻomaka e hānai iā lākou. Mea hānai hoʻomaka - microworm, infusoria a iʻa moa paha.
Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻo Artemia nauplii ma hope o hoʻokahi pule, ʻoiai hānai kekahi mau loea mai ka lā ʻekahi.
ʻO ka paʻakikī i ka hānai ʻana he makaʻala ia i nā palena wai a he mea nui e mālama i ka wai paʻa a maʻemaʻe. Pono e hana i nā loli wai i kēlā me kēia lā, akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10%, ʻoiai ua maʻalahi ka nui.
Ma hope o 3 mau pule, kū ke kāne i ke kiaʻi ʻana i ka pā a pono e hemo. Mai kēia wahi, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻololi o ka wai a 30%, a pono ʻoe e hoʻololi iā ia no ka wai i hala ma osmosis.
