Kaulana ʻo Tsichlazoma severum (lat. Heros severus) i waena o nā aquarist novice a me nā mea ʻike. Hoʻohālike lākou i ko lākou pili mamao - discus, ʻoiai he kino kiʻekiʻe a kūpili ʻia hoʻi lākou i hope.
No kona like o waho, ua kapa ʻia ka cichlazoma i ka inoa o ka discus wahaheʻe. Loaʻa nā kala like ʻole, i kēia manawa ua hānai ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole, akā ʻo ka mea i makemake nui ʻia a nani hoʻi nā momi ʻulaʻula cichlazoma severum a me nā emerala polū.
He kino melemele ko nā momi ʻulaʻula, me nā kiko ʻulaʻula lilelile e helelei ana ma luna ona. He polū ʻeleʻele ka emerald polū me ka shear emerald a me nā kiko ʻeleʻele.
Ma ka laulaha, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa ka ʻike o nā momi ʻulaʻula a me nā emerala polū mai ka ʻike o ka ʻano maʻamau, koe wale nō e ʻoi aku ka paʻa o nā palena i loko o ka aquarium.
Ma waho aʻe o ko lākou helehelena nani loa, hoihoi pū lākou i ka lawena, kahi mea hoihoi pū i nā aquarist. ʻAʻole lākou i ʻoi aku ka hakakā ma mua o ka nui o nā cichlids a koi i kahi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka manawa wale nō a lākou e hōʻike ai i ka huhū i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana, aʻo ke koena o ka manawa e noho maluhia lākou me nā iʻa o ka nui like. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e mālama iā lākou me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi a hilahila loa paha.
He iʻa unpretentious loa kēia i ka mālama ʻana, ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole koi e like me ka discus kahiko. Inā hiki i ka aquarist ke hana i nā kūlana kūpono no lākou a mālama pinepine i ka aquarium, a laila e hauʻoli lākou iā ia no nā makahiki he nui.
Makemake lākou i ka wai palupalu a me nā kukui uila, he mea nui nō hoʻi e uhi i ka aquarium, lele maikaʻi ka iʻa.
Noho i ke kūlohelohe
Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ʻo Cichlazoma severum i ka makahiki 1840. Noho ia ma ʻAmelika Hema, ma ke kahawai ʻo Orinoco, nā kahawai ʻo Colombia a me Venezuela, a me nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o Rio Negro.
ʻAi ʻia i ke ʻano ma nā mea kolo, ka ʻai, ka limu, ka zooplankton a me ka detritus.
Wehewehe
I nā severums, e like me kahi discus maoli, kiʻekiʻe ke kino a ʻoki ʻia i hope, me nā anal a me nā lau caudal. He liʻiliʻi kēia (e pili ana i nā cichlases ʻē aʻe) cichlid, hiki i 20 cm i ke ʻano, i kahi aquarium ma kahi o 15.
ʻO ke ola ke ola ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki.
ʻO ke kala kūlohelohe - kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me ka ʻōpū melemele gula. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpio e kahi nondescript kala; ʻewalu mau ʻāpana pouli e holo ma ke kino ʻeleʻele, e nalo ana ke oʻo nā iʻa.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, i kēia manawa he nui nā ʻano waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole, akā ʻo ka mea i makemake nui ʻia a nani hoʻi nā momi ʻulaʻula a me nā emerala polū.
Ka paʻakikī i ka ʻike
ʻO kekahi o nā cichlids kaulana loa i ka leʻaleʻa aquarium. ʻOiai maikaʻi lākou no nā mea hoʻomaka a me nā hobbyist holomua, he mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo he iʻa nui lākou e ulu koke.
Inā hana ʻoe i nā kūlana kūpono nona, a noho me nā hoalauna o ka nui like, a laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokumu i kekahi pilikia.
Hanai ana
ʻO nā iʻa he omnivores a ʻai i nā ʻano iʻa iʻa iʻa like ʻole. ʻO nā papa hana hoʻomoe no nā cichlids nui (ʻoi aku me ka ʻike o ka fiber, e like me spirulina) hiki ke lilo i kumu o ka hānai ʻana.
Hoʻohui, hāʻawi i ka meaʻai ola a i ʻole ka hau: nā nui ʻelua - ʻenewelen, ʻōpala, nā iʻa iʻa, a me nā mea liʻiliʻi - tubifex, worws, gammarus.
He mea nui e hānai me nā mea kanu mea kanu, ʻoiai ʻo ka iʻa i ke kūlohelohe e hoʻopau iā lākou. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i meaʻai kūikawā a i ʻole nā ʻāpana o nā mea kanu - kukama, zucchini, salakeke.
ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hānai pinepine i ka ʻiʻo mammal e like me ka puʻuwai pipi. ʻAi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ia ʻai e ka ʻōpū o ka iʻa a alakaʻi i ka momona a me nā maʻi.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hānai iā cichlaz i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā, e hoʻāʻo nei ʻaʻole e hānai nui, no ka mea he maʻalahi ka iʻa i ka momona.
Ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka aquarium
ʻO nā Severum he cichlids liʻiliʻi, akā nui lākou e pili ana i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. No ka mālama ʻana, pono ʻoe i kahi aquarium o 200 liters a ʻoi paha, a ʻo ka nui ia, ʻoi aku ka mālie o ka iʻa.
Aloha lākou i ka wai maʻemaʻe a me kahi kahe liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hana ʻia me kahi kānana kūwaho. E hōʻoia e hoʻololi pinepine i ka wai me ka wai hou a siphon i ka lepo e hoʻoneʻe i nā koena hānai.
E hoʻāʻo e hoʻomālamalama i ka aquarium, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā mea kanu lana i luna o ka wai. Hilahila ka iʻa a hiki ke lele i waho o ka wai inā makaʻu.
ʻO ke ala maʻalahi e hoʻolako i kahi aquarium i ke ʻano o kahi biotope muliwai ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka lepo one, nā pōhaku nui a me nā lāʻau drift - ʻo kēia kahi e ʻike ai ka cichlazoma e hemolele ana. Nā lau i hina i lalo, no ka laʻana, ʻoka a i ʻole beech, hoʻopiha i ke kiʻi.
Ma kahi kaʻawale, ʻike mākou ʻaʻole aloha nui nā severum me nā mea kanu, mālama kekahi mau mea aloha iā lākou me nā ʻano paʻakikī, akā ma ke ʻano he hopena maikaʻi ʻole nā mea kanu, e luku ʻia lākou.
Hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻia nā discus hewa i nā palena wai ʻokoʻa i ka aquarium, akā ʻo nā mea kūpono: ka mahana 24-28C, ph: 6.0-6.5, 4-10 dGH.
Hoʻohālikelike
E mālama ʻia me nā iʻa o ke ʻano like a me ka nui. ʻIke ʻia nā iʻa liʻiliʻi he meaʻai. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka cichlids ʻAmelika ma mua o nā cichlids ʻApelika, he mea nui ka ākea o ka aquarium.
A laila e loaʻa iā lākou ko lākou ʻāina ponoʻī, kahi a lākou e pale aku ai. ʻO ko lākou wahi a me nā hoanoho nui e hoʻoliʻiliʻi loa i ka hakakā o cichlids.
Hoʻohui maikaʻi lākou me nā cichlids waena waena - ʻeleʻele, ʻākeʻakeʻa, pi. Eia kekahi me ka iʻa iʻa - synodontis i uhi ʻia, plecostomus, ʻeke ʻeke.
ʻOkoʻa moekolohe
ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka wahine mai ke kāne he paʻakikī loa ia, a huikau paha nā aquarist ʻike. He kiko ʻeleʻele ko ka wahine ma ka fin dorsal, a ʻaʻohe kiko ma ka operculum - nā kiko hoʻopuehu ʻia (aia i ka wahine ke ʻano like, ke kala like ma kahi o nā kiko).
Loaʻa i nā kāne ka anal a me nā dorsal fins a me kahi lae kaulana.
He paʻakikī loa e hoʻoholo i ka moekolohe o nā ʻano ʻōlinolino, e like me nā momi ʻulaʻula, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe kiko ma nā gills.
Hoʻohana hānau
E like me nā cichlids he nui, False Discus e mālama i nā keiki a hānai i ka pā. Kūkulu ʻia kahi pālua no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ʻoiai he mea paʻakikī loa ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi kāne mai ka wahine, lawe lākou i 6-8 fry a hoʻāla iā lākou, e koho ka iʻa i pālua na lākou.
Hiki ke lūlū ʻo Severums i nā palena wai ʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka maikaʻi loa i ka wai palupalu, me kahi pH o kahi o 6 a me ka mahana o 26-27 ° C. Eia kekahi, kōkua ʻia ka hoʻomaka o ka hana hou ʻana e nā hoʻololi wai nui me ka wai hou.
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā severums i loko o ka aquarium like a lākou e noho ai, akā pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i kēia wā e hoʻonui ai kā lākou hakakā Makemake lākou e kau i kā lākou mau hua ma luna o kahi pōhaku pālahalaha a i ʻole lāʻau driftwood. Ke waiho nei ka wahine ma kahi o 1000 mau hua
i, ke kāne ke hoʻohua iā lākou a mālama nā mākua ʻelua i nā hua a me nā ʻai.
Ma hope o ka ʻauʻau ʻana, kiaʻi ka mau mākua iā ia, e ʻae i ka ʻai e ʻai i ka nauplii ʻōpala, ka hānai hana, a me ka microworm.
Eia kekahi, hiki i ka palai ke hūnā i kahi mea huna kūikawā mai ka ʻili o nā mākua, a lākou e hūnā ai no ka hānai ʻana. Hiki i nā mākua ke mālama i ke kō a ʻeono mau pule.
