ʻO ka ʻaeto o Steller's (Haliaeetus pelagicus) a i ʻole ʻo ka ʻaeto kai o Steller's no ka papa ʻo Falconiformes.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o ka ʻaeto o Steller's.
Loaʻa ka nui o ka ʻaeto o Steller ma kahi o 105 knm. ʻO ka ʻēheu he 195 - 245 knm. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka moʻohelu i hōʻea i ka 287 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka manu lūlū mai 6000 a 9000 gram. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā ʻaeto nui loa. Hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia kona silhouette i ka lele ʻana e kāna mau ʻēheu e like me ka hoe a me ka hiʻu lōʻihi lōʻihi. ʻAʻole hiki i nā piko o nā ʻeheu i ka piko o ka huelo. He nuku nui a koʻikoʻi hoʻi kona.
ʻO ka hulu o ka manu o ka mea pio he ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele, akā keʻokeʻo ka lae, nā poʻohiwi, nā pūhaka, ka huelo ma luna a ma lalo. ʻIke ʻia kekahi mau kaha hina hina ma ka pāpale a ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻO nā hulu ma nā kukuna e hana i nā "pālule" keʻokeʻo.
Uhi ʻia ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī me nā kaha buffy a keʻokeʻo, kahi e hāʻawi ai i nā manu i ka lauoho hina. ʻIke kūpono i nā plumage hina i nā ʻaeto kahiko. Nā ʻēheu me nā kiko keʻokeʻo nui. ʻO kaʻili o ka helehelena, nuku a me nā wāwae he melemele-ʻalani. I ka lewa, nānāʻeleʻele ka ʻaeto o Steller i ka leo, a keʻokeʻo wale nā ʻeheu a me ka huelo i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka plumage nui.
ʻO ke kala ʻana o nā plumage makua ma 4-5 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, akā ʻo ke kala hope loa o ka plumage i hoʻokumu ʻia e 8-10 mau makahiki wale nō.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne. Loaʻa i nā manu ʻōpio nā ʻula ʻeleʻele me nā ʻāpana o nā hulu hina ma ke poʻo a me ka umauma, a me nā kiko keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi ma nā hulu ma ka waena a ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino. Keokeo ka huelo ma ka lihi pouli.
Melemele ka Iris, nuku a me nā wāwae. I ka lele ʻana, ʻike maka ʻia nā bla pale mae mai lalo ma ka umauma a ma ka ʻelima.
Ke keʻokeʻo o ka hulu hulu keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻāpana pouli. ʻOi ka pōʻai o ka wēlau o ka hiʻu; ʻai ʻia i nā manu makua.
ʻO kahi noho aeto o Steller's.
ʻO ke ola holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻaeto Steller pili loa i ka wai kai. ʻAneʻane nā pūnana āpau aia hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kilomita mai ke kahakai. He 1.6 mau mika ke anawa o nā pūnana a hoʻokahi mika ke kiʻekiʻe. I ka wā hoʻoulu holoholona, noho nā manu lele ma kahakai, i nā wahi i loaʻa nā pali kiʻekiʻe me nā kumulāʻau, a me nā pali ulu lāʻau e kuapo me nā kai kūʻono, nāʻauwai, nā muliwai muliwai.
Pālahalaha ka ʻaeto o Steller's.
Hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻaeto o Steller's ma ke kahakai o ke kai ʻo Okhotsk. Loaʻa ma ke Keʻena ʻo Kamchatka a ma ka ʻākau o Siberia. E hoʻomaka ana i ke kauwela, iho ka aeto o Steller i ka hema i Ussuri, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka mokupuni ʻo Sakhalin, a ʻo Iapana a me Korea hoʻi, kahi e kali ai i ke kau maikaʻi ʻole.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lawena o ka ʻaeto Steller.
Hoʻohana ka ʻaeto o Steller's i kekahi mau ʻano hahai holoholona: mai kahi hoʻohālua, hoʻonohonoho ia ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau mai 5 a 30 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe, e hilinaʻi ana ma luna o ka wai, mai kahi e hāʻule ai i kāna mea pio. Nānā ʻia hoʻi ka iʻa hulu manu i ka iʻa, e hana ana i nā pōʻai me ke anawaena o 6 a i ʻole 7 mau mika ma luna o ka waihona wai. Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, paʻakikī ʻo ia i ka ʻimi holoholona, ke hōʻiliʻili ka iʻa i loko o ka wai pāpaʻu i ka wā e hānau ai a i ka wā e uhi ʻia ai ka waihona i ka hau, a laila hopu ka ʻaeto o Steller i ka iʻa i nā kahawai.
A i ka hopena o ke kau, i ka wā e make ai ka salemona, ʻākoakoa nā aeto i nā haneli he haneli ma ke kapa o ka muliwai, e ʻai ana i ka meaʻai nui. Kūpono ko lākou nuku nui a mana hoʻi no ka haehae ʻana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a laila ale koke.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka aeto Steller.
Ke hoʻoulu nei i ka ʻaeto Steller.
Hāpai nā ʻaeto o Steller's i ka makahiki 6 a i ʻole 7 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaka ka wā hoʻomoe i ka wā mua, i ka hopena o Pepeluali ma Kamchatka, i ka mua o Malaki ma ke kai o Okhotsk. He ʻelua a ʻekolu paha pūnana o nā manu manu lele e hoʻohana maʻamau ai i nā makahiki.
Ma Kamchatka, 47.9% o nā pūnana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma nā birch, 37% ma nā popla, a ma kahi o 5% ma nā kumu lāʻau o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Ma ke kahakai o ke kai ʻo Okhotsk, loaʻa ka hapa nui o nā pūnana ma ka larch, poplars a i ʻole nā pōhaku. Hāpai ʻia lākou i 5 a 20 mau mika ma luna o ka honua. Hoʻoikaika a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā pūnana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, no laila ma hope o kekahi mau kau, hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i 2.50 mau mika i ke anawaena a me 4 mau mika i ka hohonu. Kaumaha loa kekahi o nā pūnana a hāʻule lākou a hāʻule i ka honua, a make ka moa. ʻO nā kāne a pau i kūkulu i nā pūnana, 40% wale nō e hoʻomoe i nā hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I Kamchatka, loaʻa ka paʻa mai ka waena o ʻApelila a i ka hopena o Mei a me 1-3 mau hua keʻokeʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻokū ʻo Incubation i nā lā he 38 - 45. Haʻalele nā aeto ʻōpio i ka pūnana i ka waena o ʻAukake a i ʻole ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemapa.
ʻO ka ʻai aeto o Steller's.
Makemake nā aeto o Steller e hānai i ka mea pio ola ma mua o ke kalai. Pili ka nui o kā lākou mahele i ka nui o ka meaʻai a, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka salemona, ʻoiai lākou e ʻai i nā dia, nā hares, nā ʻalopeke polar, nā squirrels o ka ʻāina, nā mea hānai kai, a i kekahi manawa mollusks Hoʻololi ke ʻano o ka meaʻai ma muli o ke kau, ka ʻāina a me nā ʻano laha o ka waiwai pio i loaʻa. I ka puna, ʻimi nā ʻeto a Steller i nā muria, nā gull, nā peʻa, a me nā sila ʻōpio.
Hoʻomaka ka wā salemona i Mei ma Kamchatka a ma waena o Iune i ke kai o Okhotsk, a loaʻa kēia kumuwaiwai a hiki i Kēkēmapa a ʻOkakopa hoʻi. ʻO kēia ʻano manu o nā pūnana manu lele ma kahakai i nā kolone maʻamau o nā aeto he ʻumi, ka mea e hoʻouka pinepine i nā kolone kai i ka puna ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o salemona. ʻO nā ʻaeto, kahi pūnana ma nā kapakai o nā loko loko, hānai ʻaneʻane wale nō i ka iʻa: kaola mauʻu, perch, a me nā ʻāpala crusian. I nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻai ʻia ka iʻa keʻokeʻo, ka salemona, ka salmon chum, ka carp, nā iʻa, pike. ʻĀlau nā aeto o Steller iā ia nā ʻōʻuleʻele poʻo poʻo, nā tern, nā pālule, a me nā ʻakaʻaka. Kūʻē lākou i nā hares a i ʻole muskrat. I kekahi manawa, ʻai lākou i ka ʻōpala iʻa a me ke kino.
Nā kumu no ka emi ʻana o ka helu o ka ʻaeto Steller.
ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka ʻaeto o Steller ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka lawaiʻa a me ke kū ʻana o kahi mea hopohopo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi. Pana nā Hunters a hopu i nā manu o nā pio, e ʻōlelo ana e ʻaihue nā aeto i nā ʻili o nā holoholona hulu kalepa. I kekahi manawa kī ʻia nā manu lele, me ka manaʻo he hōʻeha lākou i ka dia. Ma nā kapa o nā kahawai kokoke i nā ala nui a me nā wahi noho, piʻi ka mea haunaele, a haʻalele nā manu makua i nā paʻa.
Apono ʻia a me nā hana palekana e pono ai.
ʻO ka ʻaeto o Steller kahi ʻano laha ʻole i ka 2004 IUCN Papa Inoa. Ua helu ʻia kēia ʻano manu manu lele i loko o nā Red Data Books o ʻAsia, ʻo ka Russian Federation a me ka Hikina hikina. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia laha i ka Pakuhi 2 CITES, Pākuʻi 1 o ka Bonn Convention. Palekana ʻia e like me ka Appendix o nā ʻaelike ʻelua i hoʻopau ʻia e Rūsia me Iapana, USA, DPRK a me Kōlea ma ka pale o nā manu neʻe. Pale aku ka ʻaeto o Steller i nā wahi kūlohelohe kūikawā. kipi. Liʻiliʻi ka helu o nā manu kakaikahi a hiki i kahi o 7,500 mau kānaka. Mālama ʻia nā ʻaeto o Steller ma 20 mau zoo, e like me Moscow, Sapporo, ʻAlamā-Ata.
