ʻO ka karakurt (Latrodectus tredecimguttatus) a me ka wahine ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele (Latrodectus mactans) e noho ana i nā ʻāina o ka Soviet Union ma mua i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka punawelewele like ʻole - ka wahine kāne make. ʻO ia nō paha ke kumu i pipili paʻa ai ka inoa generic i ka poʻe home piʻipiʻi liʻiliʻi.
Palapala honua o na wahinekanemake
No nā lunamakaʻā o ka genus, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka kaulana o nā arachnids ʻawahia loa. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia ʻōlelo no nā arthropods e noho ana ma nā mokupuni ʻo Oceania, Australia a me ʻAmelika Hema. ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka poʻe Aboriginal e hehi i kahi rattlesnake ma mua o ka wahine kāne make ʻeleʻele me ia lāʻau make ikaika (ʻoi aku i ka nahesa ma kahi o 15 mau manawa).
Noho ʻo Karakurt i ka steppes a me nā wao akua o Afghanistan, ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ʻIrana a me ʻEulopa hema, me nā wahi o ke Kaiwaenahonua.
Kaulana nā wahine kāne make kūloko i nā kamaʻāina o nā ʻāina kokoke:
- Asia Waena.
- Kasakana.
- Nā wahi hema o Ukraine.
- ʻO Caucasus.
Ua hōʻea ka Karakurt i ka hema o ka Ural, e nahu ana i ka poʻe ma nā wahi e pili ana iā Kazakhstan: ma Orsk (Orenburg region), Kurtamysh (ʻĀpana Kurgan).
Hoʻopuehu ʻia kēia mau spider a puni ka Apana Pekelala Hema, e like me Crimea, Astrakhan, Volgograd a me Rostov mau moku, Teritori ʻo Krasnodar.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā Arthropods ma ka moku ʻo Moscow, Saratov a me Novosibirsk mau ʻāina, a ma ka Teritori ʻo Altai.
ʻO ka helehelena a me ka hana hou
ʻO ke kāne he ʻelua, a i ʻole ʻekolu manawa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kāna wahine. Ke ulu nei kekahi mau wahine a 20 mm, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i nā kāne 7 mm. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ka wahine, ma hope o ka moekolohe maikaʻi ʻana, ʻai ʻo ia i ke kāne me ka minamina ʻole, e like me nā mea ʻōpala.
ʻO ke kala laulā o ke kino āpau (me 4 mau paʻa o ka tentacles) ʻeleʻele me kahi ʻano shimmer. ʻO ka manawa pinepine ma kahi papa ʻeleʻele, ʻike ʻia nā ʻulaʻula o nā hoʻonohonoho like ʻole, palena ʻia e nā kaha keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
Hiki i kahi kanaka kīnā ʻole ke hoʻokuʻupuʻu maʻalahi i kahi punawelewele me kona mau wāwae i hoʻopili ʻia me kahi currant ʻeleʻele.
Ua hōʻea ʻo Karakurt i ke kūlana moekolohe i ka mahina ʻo Iune, e hoʻomaka ana e nānā no nā wahi hūnā e ulana i nā pahele kūlohelohe i manaʻo ʻia no ka male ʻana.
Ma hope o ka moekolohe ʻana, hele hou nā wahine e ʻimi, akā i kēia manawa - kahi pale no nā keiki. Pono nā hua Spider e ola i ka hoʻoilo i nā cocoons, kau ʻia (2-4 mau ʻāpana) i ka pūnana. E ʻike ʻia nā nūhou ʻōpio i ʻApelila e lele i ka pūnaewele i ka wā makua.
Nā wahi noho o karakurt
Hoʻonohonoho ka punawelewele i nā hale i waena o nā pōhaku, nā lālā maloʻo, i ka papa luna o ka lepo, pinepine i nā lua a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka puka me nā ʻupena hopu o nā ʻāpana chaotically intertwined.
Makemake e noho ma nā ʻāina i hoʻopā ʻole ʻia, e like me nā ʻāina puʻupaʻa, nā kahawai, nā kahakai, nā kapa o nā ʻauwai. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka moa, ka palau ʻana i nā steppe a me nā holoholona hānai nui e hōʻemi nui i ka nui o nā karakurt.
Make pū kekahi nā spider makua i nā insecticides e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka ʻāina mahiʻai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hana nā mea hana kemika i nā cocoons: hiki ke puhi wale ʻia me ke ahi.
Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāʻule, ʻo nā wahine kāne make ʻeleʻele i makemake i kahi nohona pō ke neʻe kokoke i ka mehana - i nā lumi o lalo, nā hale waiho, nā hale waiho hale, nā hale me nā hale.
Ke alualu ʻana i ka hōʻoluʻolu, piʻi ka punawelewele i nā kāmaʻa, ka lilina, nā kapa moe, a me nā pono kīhini. A he hoʻoweliweli pololei kēia i ke ola kanaka.
ʻO ka hana punawelewele
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kona piko mai Iulai a Kepakemapa. I ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana o nā wahine (Iune / Iulai), piʻi nui ka nui o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona i pā i kā lākou "honi".
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā maʻi ahulau nui o ka karakurt i kēlā me kēia 25 a i kēlā me kēia 10 mau makahiki, ʻoiai ka hūnā nui e hūnā ʻia i nā wahine makua.
ʻO kā mākou karakurt, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi wahine kāne make ʻeleʻele maoli e pili ana i ka mana o ka lāʻau make, akā ʻo kāna mau nahu ka hopena i ka make.
No laila, i ʻOkakopa 1997, nahu ʻo karakurt i 87 mau kamaʻāina o ka moku ʻo Kherson: ua mālama ʻia lākou āpau i kahi haukapila, akā ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopakele.
A laila ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nā zologist ua hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka hoʻouka kaua nui e ka ua ua e hoʻokuke aku i nā spider mai nā hale hoʻomalu.
Ma ke ala, ua hoʻololi ʻia i nā makahiki ma hope o ke kaua, ua like ka karakurt me he haku lā o ka Don steppes a nalowale no kahi manawa lōʻihi mahalo i kā lākou ulu pono ʻana.
Hoʻomaka ka ala hou ʻana o ka heluna lehulehu o nā wahine kāne make ʻeleʻele me ka hiolo ʻana o ka USSR: hānai ikaika lākou i nā mahinaʻai i haʻalele ʻia a me nā mahiʻai.
Ka lua mea ʻoluʻolu - Ka hoʻololi o ke aniau o ka honua, kahi e neʻe ai ka ʻaoʻao maloʻo i ke kūkulu ʻākau. Pāʻani kēia i nā lima o nā spider, ka mea e pale aku i ka ua nui, pōʻino no kā lākou mau lua.
Ka lawe ʻana i ka karakurt
Lilo ia i ʻelua pepeke a me nā rodents liʻiliʻi, nona kahi e noho ai ka mea pepehi kanaka me ka menemene ʻole.
Hoʻopili ka punawelewele i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia, e ʻae ana i ka lāʻau make, e hana ana ma ke ʻano he digestive, e hohola ma waena o kāna mau pūnaewele. Ma hope o ka palupalu o ka pepelu, e pahu ka wahine kāne make ʻele i ka proboscis i loko ona a hoʻomaka e omo i nā ʻike o loko.
I ka wā o ka pāʻina ʻai, hiki i ka punawelewele ke hoʻowalewale ʻia e nā hana ʻē aʻe, neʻe aku mai ka "papa" a hoʻi hou, huli i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia, honi iā ia mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa.
Uhi ʻia kahi lua i nā cobwebs i kahi weliweli. ʻAʻole e hoʻouka ka punawelewele me ke kumu ʻole, a lilo ia i mea komo wale i loko o kona wahi ponoʻī.
Ka hana a ka lāʻau make
ʻO kahi kiko ʻulaʻula ʻike ʻole ʻia mai kahi nahu e hoʻomaka i kahi hopena kaulahao ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa: ma hope o ka hapahā o ka hola, e uhi ka ʻeha e ʻā i ke kino holoʻokoʻa (ʻoi aku i ka umauma, ʻōpū a me ka ʻaoʻao i lalo).
E ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli maʻamau:
- tachycardia a me ka pōkole o ka hanu;
- ʻulaʻula a pale paha o ka maka;
- ʻino a me nā haʻalulu;
- ʻeha ke poʻo, ka luaʻi a me ka hou;
- kaumaha i ka umauma a i ʻole ʻāpana epigastric;
- bronchospasm a me priapism;
- ka pāpā ʻana i ka defecation a me ka urination.
Ma hope, lilo ka intoxication i kahi mokuʻāina kaumaha, ʻōpua o ka ʻike a me ka delirium.
ʻAlaʻi
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa i manaʻo ʻia he anti-caracourt serum i hana ʻia e ka Tashkent Bacteriological Institute.
Loaʻa nā hualoaʻa maikaʻi me ka hoʻolauna (intravenous) o ka calcium chloride, novocaine a me ka magnesium hydrogen sulfate.
Inā mamao ka mea nahu mai ka pou kōkua mua, koi ʻia e puhi i ka wahi i pā ʻia me ke poʻo o ka match match i loko o nā minuke ʻelua. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka lāʻau make ʻole i loaʻa ka manawa e komo hohonu ai e luku ʻia e ke kū ʻana i nā mahana wela.
Punawelewele karakurt ke weliweli loa no nā keiki liʻiliʻi. Inā lohi ke kōkua, ʻaʻole hiki i ke keiki ke hoʻopakele.
Mai nā pili "pili" me kahi wahine kāne make ʻeleʻele, make nā holoholona, i waena o nā kāmelo a me nā lio i manaʻo ʻia he palupalu loa.
Hoʻokiʻiliʻi karakurt
ʻO ka poʻe hilinaʻi iā ʻoe iho a me ka makaʻu ʻole hiki ke mālama i kēia mau arthropods ma ka home. Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kāne a me ka wahine, e hana i kahi hui punawelewele e mālama i ka hānau ʻana.
ʻAe, a mai poina e pale aku i ke kāne: e komo pinepine ka nananana i kona ola.
No kahi huna hana e pono ai ʻoe:
- terrarium a i ʻole aquarium;
- ke one i kāwili pū ʻia me ka ʻiliʻili;
- limu, lālā a me nā lau maloʻo.
Pono ʻoe e hopu i nā nalo a me nā ipo i mea e hoʻolei ai i kāu mau holoholona i ka pūnaewele ke neʻe ʻole. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻohe pono e hānai i nā spider - hiamoe lākou, akā pono lākou e wela iki (me kahi kukui uila a me ka ea mahana).
I ka puna, e koi ka terrarium i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. E hoʻouna i ka karakurt i loko o kahi hue a hoʻolei i nā ʻōpala i kā lākou pūnana.
ʻO Spider wahine kāne make ʻeleʻele ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana
Ma ka Pūnaewele aia nā lono e pili ana i kahi ʻoihana haʻahaʻa a me ka ʻoihana maikaʻi - hana karakurt no ka lāʻau make.
Ua wehewehe ʻia ka poʻe makemake "ma nā manamana lima" i ke ʻano o ka waiū o nā arthropods ʻawaʻawa, e hōʻoia nei he hana maʻalahi a palekana kēia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke haku iā ʻoe iho.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hana ka poʻe hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā i ka unuhi ʻana o ka lāʻau make, i nā ʻano ʻoihana a me nā lako pipiʻi.
No ka hana ʻana i kēia, kūʻai lākou i kahi kinoea kūikawā (e hoʻoluliluli i ke karakurt e hiamoe ai) a me ke kau ʻana i kahi "papa hana" me nā electrode pono e hāʻawi i kahi hoʻokuʻu i ka chelicerae i mea e pau ai ka lāʻau make.
ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻoi loa o ke kumumanaʻo (kekahi mau ʻumi tausani mau kālā) - kahi anakahi no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka mea make, a pono e lilo i nā aniani.
500 karakurt mai hoʻokahi waiū waiū e hāʻawi i 1 g o ka toxin maloʻo, kahi e kumukūʻai ai 1200 euro ma ka mākeke ʻeleʻele.
Me ke kanalua ʻole he ʻoihana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, akā ʻaʻole ia na ka poʻe iho, a me nā mea aloha ʻē aʻe i aʻo ai iā ia iho.
