ʻO Fila Brasileiro (Brazilian Fila, Brazilian Mastiff, English Fila Brasileiro) kahi ʻano ʻīlio hana nui, hānai ʻia ma Brazil. Hoʻokumu mua ʻia e ʻimi i nā kauā holo i ka wao nahele, a laila hoʻohana ʻia e alualu i nā mea ʻino nui, ma ke ʻano he kiaʻi a me kahi ʻīlio kaua.
Kupaianaha loa i ka malihini a ʻo kēia wale nō ka lāhui nāna i kuhikuhi i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole i ka hoʻopā ʻana o nā malihini. ʻO ka waiwai nui ma ka home no ka hoʻolaʻa a me ka makaʻu ʻole, pāpā ʻia ʻo fila brasileiro ma nā ʻāina he nui a puni ka honua.
ʻAukake
- He ʻīlio nui kēia, poʻo poʻo, kūʻē. Paipai ʻia e nā mākaʻi ʻīlio ʻike.
- ʻAʻole lākou e ʻae maikaʻi i nā malihini, mai ʻae i ka hoʻopā a kokoke.
- ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻoi loa o nā mea āpau e pili ana i ko lākou ʻano: "Faithful as a fila."
- Kūlike lākou me nā keiki, akā ʻaʻole koi ka hapa nui o nā loea iā lākou no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻohana me nā keiki.
- ʻAʻole lākou e koi ʻia no ka noho ʻana i kahi keʻena, pono lākou i kahi pā ākea a me ka ʻāina e pono e kiaʻi ʻia.
Mōʻaukala o ka lāhui
Ma ʻApelila 22, 1500, ua ʻike ka mea ʻimi Pukiki ʻo Pédro Alvaris Cabral iā Brazil a lilo ʻo ia ka ʻEulopa mua i hehi i kona ʻāina. Ua piha nā ululāʻau i kahi ola ʻano ʻē a paʻakikī hoʻi, i noho ʻia e nā ʻohana ʻiwi he haneli. Hoʻomaka ka Pokiki e hoʻomohala i kahi kolone hou i mea e hoʻohana ai i kāna kumuwaiwai.
ʻO kēlā mau ʻohana kūloko i make ʻole i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia mai ua hoʻokau ʻia i loko o ke kauā. Ma ka liʻuliʻu, ua hoʻoneʻe ke kō a me nā māla i ka ulu lāʻau a hoʻomohala i ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina.
Pono kēia mau māla i nā kauā he nui.
I ka wā i lilo ʻole ai nā kauā kūloko, lawe mai ka Pukiki ma kahi o 3 miliona mau ʻApelika a me ʻEulopa mai nā hale paʻahao a me nā kolone. Ua kūʻē kekahi o lākou i ka hoʻoluhi hewa a holo i loko o ka ululāʻau.
Eia kekahi, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā kauā i ke ola i loko o ka ululāʻau i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea nona a hiki ke hoʻonā wale iā lākou. Ua maopopo he pono nā ʻīlio e ʻimi a hopu.
Mai nā lā o ka Emepera Roma, ua noho ʻo Pokukala i nā ʻīlio nunui - ka Pukiki Mastiff a me ka ʻīlio kahu hipa Pukiki a i ʻole Cao de Castro Laboreiro.
Ua lawe ʻia i Brazil kahi helu nui o kēia mau ʻīlio, no ka mea, he ʻūlū a me ka nui e pono ai.
Ma waho o lākou, ua lawe ʻia mai nā lāhui Pelekane. ʻO kahi Mastiff Pelekane nui, ʻo ka Old English Bulldog kekahi o nā ʻīlio ʻoi loa o ka wā a ua ʻike ʻia e ka ʻino, a hui pū ʻia me ka ikaika. Ua lawe ʻia mai nā Bloodhounds ma ke ʻano he bloodhounds, no ka mea, he ʻala maikaʻi loa ko lākou.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ia ka lāhui mua e ʻimi i ka poʻe i mahuka, ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hopu i kahi mea hana hewa a me nā mea lawelawe i holo i nā kenekulia. ʻOi aku ka waiwai o Bloodhounds no ka mea ʻaʻohe o ko lākou koko koko ponoʻī i Pokukala.
Ua hele aʻe nā mea kanu Palakila ma waena o nā English Mastiff, nā Bulldogs Pelekania Kahiko, nā Bloodhounds a me nā ʻīlio Pukiki no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻīlio kūpono no kā lākou pono. Ua kapa ʻia ka inoa o Cao de Fila a i ʻole Fila Brasileiro.
Ua lilo ka Brazilian Mastiff i kaulana no kāna hana mua i ka hopu ʻana i nā kauā. Ua lālau ʻo ia iā lākou ma ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole nā poʻohiwi a paʻa a hiki i ka hōʻea ʻana o ka mea nona.
Ua mālama ʻia ʻo Fila brasileiro a puni ʻo Brazil, akā ʻo Paulista ka pinepine. Ua lilo kēia kaona ma Brazil i home no nā haneli he haneli, nā huakaʻi, nā pōā a me nā kauā.
Mai aneʻi lākou i pahu ai i nā palena o ka ʻāina a lawe mai i nā ʻīlio i Amazon. I loko o kēia mau lā, ua hoʻololi nā ʻīlio i ke aniau a ua loaʻa ka hoʻomanawanui wela kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mastiff āpau.
Hiki iā lākou ke hana mālie i nā mahana e pepehi i nā ʻano like. Ua loaʻa iā lākou ka palekana i ka nui o nā maʻi kūloko a me nā parasites. Ma ke kau waena o ke kenekulia 18, ua lilo ʻo fila brasileiro i mea nui i ka ʻōnaehana mahiʻai o ka ʻāina.
ʻAʻole like me kahi lāhui e like me ka Cuban Mastiff, i hoʻohana wale ʻia e ʻike i nā kauā holo mahuka, ua hiki i ka Fila ke haku i nā hana ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻīlio nui a ʻino hoʻi nā kiaʻi kūpono, kiaʻi ʻana i nā hale o nā mea kanu. Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i ko lākou ihu makaʻala ke hiki i ke ala i lalo i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona.
ʻO ka ululāʻau o Brazil piha i nā jaguars, pumas a me nā mea kahu palaoa. ʻAʻole hiki iā Fila brasileiro ke alualu wale iā lākou i lalo, akā komo pū i ke kaua, a mai laila mai ʻo ia i lanakila ai. Hoʻohui ʻia, pale lākou i nā holoholona mai nā mea hōʻino.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka kauā i hana ʻia ma Brazil i ka makahiki 1820, ua hoʻomau kekahi o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona i nā wahi no nā makahiki he umi. ʻO ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana o ka fila i kāna mau hana no nā makahiki he nui ma hope o ka like ʻana o nā ʻīlio ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i nalowale iā lākou.
ʻO kēia a hiki i ka makahiki 1884, a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka kauā, akā naʻe, ua lilo ʻo Brazil i hoʻokahi o nā ʻāina hope loa i kēia mea. Laki ʻo Fila brasileiro a lilo lākou i kiaʻi, kiaʻi, ʻīlio alualu.
I loko o ke kenekulia 20, lilo ka ʻāina i kaona a piʻi nui ka hewa, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻīlio e kūʻē i ka lawehala, kahi i hoʻonui ai i kā lākou hakakā. No laila, aia kahi hakakā ma waena o nā mea hānai.
Kūʻē kekahi poʻe he kolohe nā ʻīlio, a ʻo kekahi ua lilo lākou i mau makahiki i hala iho nei.
ʻOiai ua hele ʻia kēia mau ʻīlio me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻomaka o ko lākou hoʻokumu ʻana, a laila noho maʻa mau nā Filas. I ka 1940, ua hoihoi ka poʻe Brazil i ka hana maʻamau maʻamau.
I ka makahiki 1946, ua paʻi ʻia ke kūlana hānau mua, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma luna o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka International Cynological Organisation a ua ulu aʻe ka hakakā nui ma waena o nā ipo aloha.
Ua wehewehe ka kūlana FCI i kahi ʻīlio me ke kino mastiff a me ka muho o ke koko, kahi ʻano kū ʻole ʻole a kāohi hoʻi. Hoʻomaka ka Brazilian Kennel Club (CBKC) e pili pū me ia a hoʻokomo pū i nā mea hoʻohua i makemake i nā ʻīlio ikaika a me ka hakakā ʻole.
Hoʻomaka ka Club no ka hoʻomaikaʻi o ka Fila Brasileiro (CAFIB) e pili i nā ʻano kuʻuna i ka lāhui, e like me ke ʻano.
ʻO ka hilinaʻi ʻole i nā malihini a me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole e launa pū me lākou ua lilo i hōʻailona o kēia hae. ʻAʻole hilinaʻi nui nā ʻīlio e pili ana iā CAFIB i nā malihini i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka iā lākou me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻole.
Ma loko o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻāʻo ka pūʻali koa e noʻonoʻo inā kūpono ka Phil no ko lākou pono. Ua hoihoi loa ʻia lākou e ka hiki ke kū i ka wela, ka mea i loaʻa ʻole ma nā ʻīlio kuʻuna, e laʻa me ke kahu hipa Kelemania.
No ʻelima mau makahiki, ua aʻo lākou i ke Kelemania Kahuhipa, Doberman, a me Fila Brasileiro, e kia ana i ka manawa kūpono e hana ai i ka nahele. Ua haʻahaʻa ʻo Fila i ke kahu hipa Kelemania i ka pae o ka ʻike, a i ka Doberman i ka hoʻokūkū, akā ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o lākou.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1980, ua hoʻolaha ka kaulana o kēia ʻīlio nui a kūpikipiki hoʻi i ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻomaka ka poʻe Breeders mai USA, ʻEulopa a me Lūkia e hoʻohana iā lākou i mau ʻīlio kiaʻi a kiaʻi hoʻi.
Ma muli o ka hānai kūpono ʻole ʻana, ua hoʻomaka ka nui o kēia mau ʻīlio e hoʻouka i ka poʻe. A ʻo kahi hopena, pāpā loa ʻo Pelekane Nui, Israel, Denmark, Nolewai, Malta, Kupero, ʻAukekulelia a me Nūhōlani i ka mālama ʻana i ka fila a me ka mestizo.
Manaʻo nā mea hānai he hewa kēia, e like me ka launa kūpono ʻana a hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono, hiki ke hoʻomalu a mālie hoʻi kēia mau ʻīlio. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻohālikelike nā mea hānai o Rottweilers a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa iā lākou i Filas, e ʻōlelo nei ua emi ka hakakā ʻole o kā lākou ʻīlio.
ʻOiai nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa o kēia laha, makemake nui ʻia ia i ka honua. Ma Brazil, ʻo kēia kahi o nā lāhui purebred kaulana loa, ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ke ulu nei kā lākou helu. ʻAʻole like me nā laha nui i lilo i kā lākou ʻano hana, lawelawe mau ka Fila ma ke ʻano he ʻīlio kiaʻi a kiaʻi hoʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia lākou i nā hui cynological nui. ʻO kahi laʻana, American American Kennel Club (AKC) a me United Kennel Club (UKC).
Wehewehe
He ʻīlio ʻo Fila Brasileiro me ke kino mastiff a me kahi poʻo Bloodhound. ʻO ka mea e hopu koke i kou maka ka nui.
ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau no nā kāne he 65-75 cm ma kahi maloʻo, no nā bitches 60-70 cm. He nui nā mea hānai e kia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻīlio nui a hiki ʻole i nā kāne 80 cm a ʻoi aʻe ka mea maʻamau.
Kaupaona lākou ma ka liʻiliʻi 50 kg. He mau ʻīlio muscular ikaika loa lākou, aia kekahi mau lāhui i hoʻomohala ʻia e like me ka Brazilian Fila. Lōʻihi loa ka huelo, lawe haʻahaʻa, ākea ma ke kumu, akā ʻo ka nui o ka hopena ma ka hopena.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka lāhui kona ʻano poʻo. ʻOiai ka nui a me ke koʻikoʻi, pono ia e kaulike i ke kino. Ke nānā ʻia mai luna, he peʻahi ke poʻo.
ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka waha o ka fila Brazil ma mua o nā mastiff ʻē aʻe, pono like ka lōʻihi me ka iwi poʻo a pōkole paha. Wahi a ka maʻamau o ka lāhui, pono ka waha: "ikaika, ākea, hohonu, kūlike me ka iwi poʻo."
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka laha e ka ʻeleʻele, ʻili ākea, keu hoʻi ma ka ʻāʻī, kahi e hana ai i kahi dewlap e ʻōlelo ʻia, i kekahi manawa e hele ana i ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū. He pōkole, pahee, lahilahi a paʻaʻiki ka paʻa lole o ka fila brasileiro.
ʻAe ʻia kekahi kala paʻa, koe wale ke keʻokeʻo, hina hina, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele a uliuli hoʻi. Hiki i nā ʻīlio kala ʻo Brindle me nā kaha māmā a i ʻole nā ʻāpana pouli. I kekahi manawa aia kahi pale ʻeleʻele ma ka maka. ʻO nā waihoʻoluʻu maʻamau: fawn a brindle.
ʻAno
ʻO ke ʻano Fila Brasileiro ka mea nui a koʻikoʻi hoʻi o ka lāhui, kahi e kūkulu ʻia ai kona kaulana a pau. Minamina, he kūʻē loa ke ʻano. ʻOiai mālama ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he ʻīlio kiaʻi, hōʻike ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī i loko o laila.
Akā, ʻokoʻa ka lāhui ʻē aʻe, he kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokūkū o Fila i nā kānaka, ʻo ia hoʻi i nā ʻīlio e noho ana ma Brazil. He mea nui loa e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole kūpono kēia mau ʻīlio no kēlā me kēia mea, ʻoi aku, ʻaʻole lākou e kūpono i ka hapa nui.
ʻO ka poʻe wale nō i ʻike i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻīlio nui a hakakā e pono e hoʻomaka i nā filament. Me ka hānai kūpono, he kiaʻi a pale pale maikaʻi kēia, akā i nā lima ʻike ʻole he kumu ia o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.
Kaulana nā kānana Brazil no ko lākou kūpaʻa, a hōʻike ʻia hoʻi ma ka ʻōlelo: kūpaʻa ma ke ʻano he fila. Kū lākou i kahi pilina pili loa me ko lākou ʻohana, kahi a lākou e hana ai i nā mea āpau.
Inā ulu ʻo kahi ʻīlio pēpē i ka hui o hoʻokahi kanaka, a laila e hoʻolaʻa ʻia iā ia wale nō, inā i ka pōʻai ʻohana, a laila i nā mea āpau.
Eia kekahi, kūʻokoʻa ka hapa nui o nā ʻīlio. He pilina paʻakikī ko lākou me nā keiki a me kahi kūlana hakakā. ʻO nā mea i ulu aʻe me nā keiki aloha iā lākou a hoʻomanawanui me ka ʻoluʻolu i nā pāʻani. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole koi ka hapa nui o nā ʻīlio ʻīlio i ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau ʻīlio i loko o nā ʻohana me nā keiki. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻolohe i nā kauoha i hoʻopuka ʻia e ke keiki, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e noʻonoʻo i nā keiki i ʻoi aku iā lākou iho e pili ana i ke kūlana kaiaulu. Eia hou, kuhi hewa paha lākou i nā pāʻani a nā keiki no ka huhū a hana e like me ia.
ʻO ka peculiarity o ka lāhui ʻo "ojeriza" a i ʻole hilinaʻi ʻole, kānalua loa o nā malihini. ʻO kēia wale nō ka lāhui i kuhikuhi ʻia ai ka maʻamau i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopā ʻana o nā malihini. Pono nui ka pilikanaka a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, me ka ʻole o lākou e ʻīlio loa ka ʻīlio i kekahi mea ʻē.
Me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono, hoʻomanawanui ka hapa nui o nā ʻīlio i nā malihini, akā i mua wale nō o ko lākou ʻohana. Eia nō naʻe, me ka ʻole o ia mea, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kū i kekahi, ka mea e hana i nā pilikia nui loa no nā mea lawe leta, nā mea kinai ahi a me nā mea pono hoʻi e hānai i ka ʻīlio i ka wā o ka nele o nā mea nona.
Eia hou, lōʻihi loa lākou e maʻa ai i kahi lālā o ka ʻohana hou, a ʻaʻole loa kekahi e ʻae iā lākou.
Kūleʻa pale ʻole, mau ka makaʻala, kānalua - nā ʻīlio kiaʻi kūpono. ʻO ka ʻaihue lapuwale wale nō e nānā ʻole i ka hae a me ka namunamu a kā fila e hana ai.
He mea pale nui ʻo ia iā ia iho. Manaʻo ʻia e nā mea he ʻīlio kiaʻi maikaʻi loa ma ka honua.
ʻAʻohe ona makaʻu, no ka mea kūʻē iā ia, ke kāne, holoholona a me ka mīkini. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia kahi fila Brazil e hōʻeha i nā lālā o kona ʻohana a ʻo ka mea e hoʻāʻo e hana pēlā e pono e pepehi iā ia ma mua.
ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka huhū i nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe ma mua o nā kānaka, he nui nō kekahi iā ia. ʻAʻole lākou i hoʻomanawanui i nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻo Fila mālie loa ka mana ma o ka paʻamau. ʻO kēlā me kēia huhū i kahi ʻīlio ʻē aʻe hiki ke pau i ka make o ka ʻenemi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nui nā ʻano i hiki ke kūʻē iā ia.
Paipai ʻia e mālama i hoʻokahi ʻīlio wale nō. Inā ulu ka ʻīlio i ka hui o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, manaʻo ʻo ia iā lākou he lālā o kāna ʻeke a pale iā lākou. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pili kēia i ke koena, a hiki iā ia ke haehae wale i ka pōpoki a haʻi.
E like me nā ʻano hakakā ʻē aʻe, paʻakikī ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka Fila. ʻAʻole lawelawe lākou, ola lākou e like me ka mea i kūpono. ʻO ka hapa nui he paʻakikī paʻakikī, he nui i ʻauwana.
ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻolohe i ke kauoha a kekahi mea i manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma luna o ke alapiʻi kaiaulu, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea nona ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kāna ʻīlio.
ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo he hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale nō e pono ai ka ʻike, ka ʻike, ka manawa a me ka hana. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka hoʻolohe nui i nā manawa e hōʻike i ka makemake iā ʻoe iho.
ʻOi aku ka hana a Fila Brasileiro ma mua o ka nui o nā ʻano pilikua. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke māʻona me nā hele wāwae pōkole ʻelua. Ma ka liʻiliʻi he 60 mau minuke o nā hana i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Makemake lākou i ka hele wāwae, akā manaʻo maikaʻi lākou i ka pā ākea a palekana hoʻi o ka hale pilikino. Nānā lākou i ke anapuni a kūpono ʻole no ka mālama ʻana i kahi keʻena.
Pono ka poʻe nona ka mana e makaʻala i kekahi o nā ʻano o ka lāhui. E ʻae lākou i kahi o nā mea āpau a lākou e manaʻo he kānalua a he poʻe hoalauna walaʻau. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole kūpono i ka poʻe maʻemaʻe loa.
ʻO ka mea mua, kahe ka lawaiʻa Phil, keu hoʻi i ka wā wela. Hāpala lākou i ka wā e ʻai ana a inu ana hoʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā molossi ʻē aʻe, ʻemi iki lākou i ka gas, akā inā lākou e hana, a laila pono e ea i ka lumi.
Mālama
He lāhui maʻalahi mālama. ʻAʻole pono ʻo ia i ka lawelawe ʻoihana, ʻo ka palaki wale nō i kekahi manawa.
Pono nā mea nona ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā pepeiao a me nā pelu o Fila brasileiro, ke hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka lepo, ka wai, nā meaʻai, hiki ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi.
E aʻo ʻia nā kaʻina hana i ka wā hiki loa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke lawelawe ʻia kahi ʻīlio makua inā ʻaʻole makemake ia. E hiamoe mua anei kēlā.
Ua hoʻokahe haʻahaʻa lākou, akā no ka nui o ka lole nui.
Ola
ʻAʻohe noiʻi i hana ʻia, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia no kekahi mau mea. ʻEha nā ʻīlio i nā ʻano maʻi o nā hānau nunui: dysplasia, volvulus, nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana musculoskeletal.
Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi aku ko lākou olakino ma mua o nā ʻīlio puree ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mastiff.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā kumuwaiwai e hōʻike nei e ola ana ʻo fila brasileiro mai 9 a 11 mau makahiki.
