ʻO ka lā perch (Latin Lepomis gibbosus, English pumpkinseed) kahi iʻa wai kai ʻĀkau ʻAmelika o ka ʻohana sunfish (Centrarchidae). Minamina, ma ka panalāʻau o ka CIS kahiko, kākaʻikahi lākou a ma ke ʻano he lawaiʻa wale nō. Akā ʻo kēia kekahi o nā iʻa wai mālamalama ʻoi loa.
Noho i ke kūlohelohe
Aia he 30-35 mau ʻano wai hou o ka perch lā (ʻohana Centrarchidae) ma ka honua, i loaʻa ma Kanada, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO ka laulā kūlohelohe o ka lā i ʻAmelika Hema e moe ana mai New Brunswick ma ka hikina hikina a i South Carolina. Hele ia i uka i ka waena o ʻAkau ʻĀkau a moe i loko o Iowa a hoʻi ma waena o Pennsylvania.
Loaʻa lākou i ka hapanui o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma ka hema-waena a i ʻole ke komohana hema o ka ʻāina. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka iʻa i ka hapa nui o ʻAkau ʻAmelika. I kēia manawa hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou mai Wakinekona a me Oregon ma kahakai Pākīpika a i Georgia ma ke kahakai ʻAkelanika.
I ʻEulopa, ua manaʻo ʻia ia he ʻano lōkō, no ka mea, hoʻoneʻe koke ia i nā iʻa kūlohelohe ke komo i nā kūlana kūpono. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā heluna kanaka ma Hungary, Russia, Switzerland, Morocco, Guatemala a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.
Noho mau lākou i nā loko mehana, mālie, loko wai a me nā kahawai, nā kahawai liʻiliʻi me ka nui o nā mea kanu. Makemake lākou i ka wai maʻemaʻe a me nā wahi kahi e loaʻa ai kahi e puʻuhonua ai. Mālama lākou i ke kapakai a hiki ke loaʻa i nā helu he nui i nā pae pāpaʻu. ʻAi lākou i nā pae wai āpau mai ka papa a i lalo, ʻoi loa i ka lā.
Noho mau ʻo Sunfish i nā kula, a pili pū kekahi i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e pili pū kekahi.
Mālama nā hui o nā iʻa ʻōpio i ke kahakai, akā ʻo nā mākua, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, hele i nā hui ʻelua a ʻehā paha i nā wahi hohonu. ʻEleu ʻo Perch i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, akā hoʻomaha i ka pō kokoke i ka lalo a i ʻole nā wahi pale ma kahi o snags.
Mea lawaiʻa
Kūpono ʻo Sunfish e ʻoki i ka ilo a maʻalahi e hopu i ka lawaiʻa ʻana. Manaʻo ka nui o nā lawaiʻa he iʻa ʻōpala ka iʻa no ka mea nahu maʻalahi a pinepine ke hoʻāʻo ka lawaiʻa e hopu i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.
Ma muli o ka noho ʻana o nā perches i loko o ka wai pāpaʻu a hānai i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, he mea maʻalahi ke kiʻi i nā iʻa mai kahakai. Hoʻopili lākou i kahi maunu nui loa - e like me nā ilo o nā māla, nā lū, nā lī, a me nā ʻāpana iʻa.
Eia nō naʻe, makemake nui ʻia ka iʻa lā me nā lawaiʻa ʻōpio ma muli o ko lākou makemake e ʻoki, ko lākou nui a me ko lākou kokoke loa i kahakai.
ʻOiai ʻike ka poʻe i ka iʻa e ʻono ai, ʻaʻole makemake ʻia ia ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi. Haʻahaʻa kona ʻiʻo i ka momona a kiʻekiʻe i ka protein.
Wehewehe
ʻO ka iʻa oval me kahi kāʻei brown gula i mottled me ka uliuli a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo hoʻokūkū i kekahi ʻano tropical i ka nani.
Hāʻawi ke kumu mottled i nā laina polū-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a puni ke poʻo, a he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kā ka operculum. Hiki i nā ʻalani ʻalani ke uhi i nā dorsal, anal, a me nā fill caudal, a me nā uhi o nā aniani me nā laina polū ma o lākou.
Lilo i nā kāne i ka flamboyant (a me ka hakakā!) I ka wā hānau.
ʻO ka Sunfish ma kahi o 10 cm ka lōʻihi akā hiki ke ulu a 28 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha ma mua o 450 gram a ʻo ka moʻolelo honua ʻo 680 gram. Ua hopu ʻia ka iʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Robert Warne ʻoiai e lawaiʻa ana ma Lake Honoai, Nu Ioka.
Noho ʻo Sunfish a 12 mau makahiki i ka noho pio ʻana, akā ma ke kūlohelohe ʻaʻole ola ka hapa nui o lākou ma mua o ʻeono a ʻewalu mau makahiki.
Ua hoʻomohala ka iʻa i kahi ʻano pale kūikawā. Me kāna fin dorsal, aia he 10 a 11 mau ʻulaki, a ma ka pākā aniani he ʻekolu mau spines hou aʻe. ʻOi aku kēia mau ʻūlū a kōkua i nā iʻa e pale iā lākou iho mai nā mea ʻaihue.
Hoʻohui ʻia, he waha liʻiliʻi ko lākou me ka iwi ā luna ma luna pono o ka maka. Akā i nā wahi hema loa o kā lākou laulā, ua hoʻomohala ka iʻa lā i ka waha nui a me nā mākala āpau nui ʻole.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma laila kā lākou ʻai i nā crustacean liʻiliʻi a me nā mollusc. ʻO ka radius nahu nui aʻe a me nā mākala ʻohe i hoʻokū ʻia e ʻae i ka perch e hāmama i ka pūpū o kāna mea pio e kiʻi i ka ʻiʻo palupalu i loko.
Ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka aquarium
Minamina, ʻaʻohe ʻike pili i ka ʻike o ka perch lā i loko o kahi aquarium. Maʻalahi ke kumu, e like me nā iʻa kūloko, ʻo nā ʻAmelika ponoʻī hoʻi e kākaʻikahi ka mālama ʻana iā ia i nā aquarium.
Aia kekahi poʻe hoihoi i mālama pono iā lākou i nā aquarium, akā ʻaʻole lākou e haʻi e pili ana i nā kikoʻī. He palekana ke ʻōlelo ʻana he unpretentious ka iʻa, e like me nā ʻano hihiu āpau.
A pono ia i ka wai maʻemaʻe, no ka mea ma nā ʻano e ola nei i ke kūlohelohe.
Hanai ana
I ke kūlohelohe, hānai lākou i nā ʻano meaʻai liʻiliʻi like ʻole ma ka ʻili o ka wai a ma lalo. Aia ma waena o kā lākou punahele nā ʻeneka, nā larvae mosika, nā mollusc liʻiliʻi a me nā crustacea, nā ilo, nā hua ʻai a me nā keke liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe.
ʻIke ʻia lākou e hānai i ka crayfish liʻiliʻi a i kekahi manawa i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu, a me nā rana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā tadpoles.
Noho ka Sunfish i loko o nā kino o ka wai me nā gastropod nui he waha nui a pili nā mākala e wāwahi i nā pūpū o nā gastropod nui
ʻO lākou pū kekahi i loko o ka aquarium a makemake e hānai i nā mea kolo, nā ilo a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.
Kākau nā ʻAmelika i ka poʻe hou i hopu ʻia e hōʻole paha i nā meaʻai kamaʻāina ʻole, akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa e ʻai i ka ʻōpae hou, nā worworms, krill, nā pellets cichlid, nā cereal a me nā meaʻai like like.
Hoʻohālikelike
Hana nui lākou a iʻa hoihoi, a hoʻolohe i nā mea āpau e pili ana i kā lākou aquarium. Eia naʻe, he mea ʻaihue a hiki ke mālama i ka lā me nā iʻa o ka nui like.
Hoʻohui ʻia, lilo nā mākua i ka hakakā i kekahi i kekahi a mālama maikaʻi ʻia i nā pālua.
Hiki i nā kāne ke kīpē i ka wahine i ka wā e hānau keiki ana a pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā wahine e ka mea hoʻokaʻawale a hiki i kona mākaukau ʻana i ka hoʻomāū
Hoʻohana hānau
Ke piʻi ka mahana o ka wai i ka 13-17 ° C i ka hopena o ke kauwela a i ke kakahiaka nui, e hoʻomaka nā kāne i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pūnana. ʻIke ʻia nā pūnaewele i ka wai pāpaʻu ma kahi moe one a ʻiliʻili paha.
Hoʻohana nā kāne i kā lākou mau kikina caudal e kāhili i nā lua oval pāpaʻu e pili ana i ʻelua manawa ka lōʻihi o ke kāne ponoʻī. Lawe lākou i ka ʻōpala a me nā pōhaku nunui mai ko lākou pūnana me ke kōkua o ko lākou waha.
Aia nā pūnana i nā kolone. Ikaika nā kāne a me ka hakakā a pale i ko lākou pūnana. Hana paʻakikī kēia hana kolohe i ka hānau ʻana i loko o kahi aquarium.
Ua hōʻea nā wahine ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana. Hiki i nā wahine ke lūlū ma mua o hoʻokahi pūnana, a hiki i nā wahine ʻokoʻa ke hoʻohana i ka pūnana like.
Hiki i nā wahine ke hana ma waena o 1,500 a me 1,700 hua manu, kaukaʻi ʻia i ko lākou nui a me nā makahiki.
Ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia, paʻa nā hua i ka ʻiliʻili, ke one, a i ʻole nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe i ka pūnana. Haʻalele nā wahine i ka pūnana ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana, akā noho nā kāne a kiaʻi i kā lākou keiki.
Pale ke kāne iā lākou ma kahi o 11-14 mau lā, e hoʻihoʻi ana i ka pūnana i ka pūnana inā lākou e pehu.
Noho ka fry i loko a kokoke paha i ka wai papakū a ulu a ma kahi o 5 cm i ka makahiki mua o ke ola.
