Wahi nahesa Viper
Nui ka poʻe heluhelu i ʻike i kēlā moʻo · kolo nakahi pili i ka papa o nā mea kolo. Akā ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe āpau ʻo kēia ʻohana o nā mea kolo kolo iʻoi aku ma mua o 58 mau ʻano.
He ʻano like ʻole nā wahi noho o kēia mau mea, no ka laʻana, hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma ka hapanui o ka moku ʻApelika, ma ʻAsia, a ma ka hapa nui hoʻi o ka moku ʻEulopa.
Kūleʻa nā mooniho i loko o nā steppes maloʻo a i loko o ke aniau wela o nā ululāʻau equatorial. Hiki iā lākou ke noho ma nā pali mauna pōhaku a noho i nā ululāʻau ʻākau.
ʻO ke kumu, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā ʻāpala i kahi ʻano nohona ʻāina, akā ma waena o ko lākou mau hoahānau he mau manawa kēlā e alakaʻi i kahi nohona o ka honua i hūnā ʻia mai nā maka prying. Hiki ke kāhea ʻia kahi lunamakaʻāinana kaulana o kēia ʻano moonihoawa honua mai ka genus hairpin (Atractaspis).
Mōʻī wīwī honua
ʻO nā kumu nui no ke ola o kēia ʻohana nahesa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai a me ka nui o ke kukui. No nā mea āpau āpau, ʻaʻole koi nui nā nahesa. Papa Viper, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, ʻokoʻa loa ia, akā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ʻehā mau lunamakaʻī i nā kikoʻī. No laila, e kamaʻāina.
Noho ka viper maʻamau ma nā ʻāpana o ʻEulopa o ka hona, ma nā wahi o ʻAsia, a ma ka ʻākau hoʻi a hiki i ka Arctic Circle Alakaʻi ʻo ia i kahi nohona noho - ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia i ka loli pinepine o ka nohona.
Moe ka nahesa i nā māwae o ka honua, i nā lua o nā rodents a me nā wahi mehameha ʻē aʻe. Haʻalele ia i ka hoʻomoana hoʻoilo i ka waenakonu o ka puna, akā pili kēia i ka wahi ʻāina.
I ke kiʻi, ka viper maʻamau
Palapala ʻāina nohona viper ʻāpapa laulā loa. Hiki ke loaʻa ma nā steppe o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa, keu hoʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana. Noho ʻo ia ma East Kazakhstan, nā ʻāpana steppe o ka Caucasus a me ke kahakai o Crimea. E pili ana i nā moonihoawa ʻike ʻia nā ʻike hoihoi he nui, no ka laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hele ʻana i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3000 m ma luna o ka ʻilikai.
Koho pinepine nā nahesa i kekahi panalāʻau no ko lākou wahi e noho ai, kahi ʻaʻohe ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kēia papa i koe o lākou. I ka hoʻoilo, heʻe nā mea kolo i lalo o ka honua, a kanu lākou iā lākou iho i kahi hohonu kūpono (1.0 mika a ʻoi).
I loko o ke kiʻi, ka viper steppe
A ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻoiai me kahi minus nāwaliwali, hiki i ka nahesa ke make, no laila e hoʻopili hou ʻia kēia mau mea akahele a hele i ka hoʻoilo i kahi hohonu e hiki ai ke mālama i ka wela. Hūnā pinepine ʻo Vipers i nā hui nui, akā hiki ke hibernate hoʻokahi.
Ua ala aʻe mai ka hiamoe lōʻihi o ka hoʻoilo, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna, ke kolo nei nā moonihoawa i waho o ko lākou mau hale malumalu, e ʻike i nā papa pōhaku, kahi e hauʻoli ai i ka lā ʻana o ka lā.
I ko mākou ʻāina viper maʻamau a me ka steppe hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau a hui pū me ia ʻaʻole maikaʻi kahi no ke kanaka. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, make ka ʻawahia o nā kānaka nunui i nā kānaka, me ka hōʻike ʻole i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā manu, kahi e lawa ai kahi mea make e make ai ke nahu ʻia. Hoʻopau nahu mai viper ke kumu o ka make ʻana o ka mea i make ma loko o kekahi mau minuke.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka viper
ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Vipers he poʻokela i ka holo ʻana no ka mea lohi loa lākou. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolilo i ka lā a pau e moe ana me ka neʻe ʻole o ka neʻe ʻana. Akā me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ahiahi, lilo nā nahesa i ka ʻeleu a hoʻomaka i kā lākou leʻaleʻa punahele - hopu holoholona.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia hiki i nā mea nui ke moe waha ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi, ke manaʻo nei e hāʻule ka mea pio i loko o ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia, a laila ʻaʻole e hala ka viper i ka manawa e ʻahaʻaina ai i ka mea i hele mai iā ia i ka ʻaina awakea.
ʻO ka hiʻona hiʻona nui o nā ʻāpala ʻo ia ka makaukau i ke akamai o ka ʻauʻau ʻana, ke hele ʻana i kahi muliwai ākea no lākou a i ʻole kahi nui o ka wai he mea nui ʻole ia.
ʻO kēia paha ke kumu e ʻike pinepine ʻia ai nā moʻo niho ʻiʻo ma nā kahakai o nā waihona wai, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻowahāwahā i nā kahawai, a ma aneʻi e luʻu wale lākou. Hoʻohana pinepine ka poʻe i ka huaʻōlelo "swamp teeming with vipers", a ʻaʻole kēia me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole.
Makemake ʻo Vipers e noho i nā ʻāina wai.
ʻIke ka poʻe āpau i ka nele o nā moʻo i nā lālā, akā ʻaʻole kēia e hoʻopilikia iā lākou. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hiki iā lākou ke neʻe manuahi me ke kōkua o kā lākou plasticity kūlohelohe a me ka iwi kuamoʻo. Ke ʻoluʻolu nei i waena o nā pōhaku, hiki i nā mea kolo ke hoʻomohala i kahi wikiwiki kūpono.
Akā ʻaʻole ka Haku i hāʻawi mai i kēia mau mea ola i ka lohe maikaʻi a me ka ʻike maka. I nā moʻo, ua hala ʻole ka wehe ʻana o ka auditory, a uhi ʻia nā kumu maka me ka pale uhi aniani mānoanoa. Hoʻohui ʻia nā eyelids Reptile, a no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻāʻī.
ʻIke hilinaʻi ʻia ia viper ʻeleʻele nahesa ʻawahia. ʻAʻole makaʻu wale ka lunamakaʻāinana o kēia papa no nā kānaka. Nā hōʻailona Viper: He mau niho nunui ʻelua nā nāhesa i hōʻiliʻili i ka mea make.
I ka kiʻi paʻi he viper ʻeleʻele
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea ʻona e nā gland i paʻa ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o nā maka, a na nā duct e hoʻopili aku i nā niho. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, he ʻano niho ko nā lāhui āpau. Aia kahi niho ʻīlio ʻino ma luna o ka iwi, a he mea lawe lima loa.
No laila, ke paʻa ka waha o ka nahesa, kū ka niho i kahi kūlou, akā ke wehe ka mea i kona waha, e like me kahi ʻona ʻino e kū i luna, lawe ia i kahi kū i luna.
Mūnewai maʻamau... ʻO kēia ʻano moʻo o ka nahesa ka mea nui. Ua hiki aku kēia mea kolo i ka hapalua mika, akā aia kekahi poʻe nui aku, nona ka lōʻihi mai ke poʻo a ka piko o ka hiʻu he 80 kenimika.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka viper kāna ʻano zigzag.
ʻO triangular ke ʻano o kona poʻo, ʻoiai ke kū nei kēia ʻāpana i kahi kino mānoanoa. Hāʻawi ke Kūlohelohe i ka vipers me ka nui o nā aka - mai ka hina hina ʻole a i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. Aia kekahi mau ʻeleʻele, ʻoliva, ʻāhinahina, nā moonihoawa bluish.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ke kala kahi zigzag pouli e holo ana ma ka pali holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole maʻamau ka ʻike ʻana i ka viper me nā kaha ʻeleʻele i ʻō. Aia ma ke poʻo o nā mea kolo kekahi hōʻailona e ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka leka V a X.
Ma waena o nā maka, ma ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa o ke poʻo, aia kahi mālamalama o ke kala ʻeleʻele. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi: ua helu nā mea hopu nahesa i ka nui o nā unahi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka nahesa a ʻike aia he 21 unahi a puni ke kino ma ka hapa waena (ʻaʻole 19 a 23 paha).
I ke kumu, ʻaʻole nahu ka nahesa i ka poʻe hala ʻole. Inā ʻaʻole e hele ka huakaʻi akahele ma luna ona, a laila hāʻawi ʻo ia i kahi hōʻāpono kūpono. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā mau moʻo he aloha aloha. Makemake ʻo ia e haʻalele koke mai kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke ʻike a hūnā ʻia.
Moku ʻāpapa... ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia ʻano mea kolo ma mua o ka laha ma mua a ʻo ke kanaka makua, e like me ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki iki i ka hapalua mika. ʻAʻole like me kona hoahānau, he piko ka i piʻi a ka viper steppe maʻamau.
He ʻike maka ʻole ko Vipers, ka mea e uku ʻia e ko lākou hopena wikiwiki
Ua ʻoki nā puka ihu i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka septum nasal. ʻO kahi kaha pelekane ʻeleʻele ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ke kino, ma ka pali kekahi. ʻIke maopopo ʻia nā kiko ʻeleʻele i nā ʻaoʻao. Inā hoʻohuli ʻoe i ka mea kolo ma kona kua, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike he hina kona ʻōpū me nā kikoʻī he nui o ka malu malu.
Inā hoʻohālikelike ʻoe nahu mai ka steppe a ʻāpala wīwī maʻamau, a laila ʻoi aku ka weliweli o ke koho mua no nā kānaka. ʻ .pena Gabon... ʻO kahi lunamaka'āinana o nā moʻo nahesaʻApelika. He kanaka hanohano maoli kēia.
Loaʻa ka viper Gabonese ma ʻApelika
Mānoanoa kona kino - 2.0 mika a ʻoi paha, a ʻo ke kaupaona o nā mea momona i 8-10 kg. Kupaianaha loa ka nahesa no kona kala ʻōniʻoniʻo, e like me ke kapeta hana lima i pena ʻia.
Hoʻopiha ʻia nā kaha kiʻi me nā ʻano geometric like ʻole i nā waihoʻoluʻu mānoanoa nā momona - ʻalani, cherry, lemon, waiū, polū a me ʻeleʻele. ʻIke ʻia kēia nahesa ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea make loa loa, akā ma muli o ka nui o ka phlegmatic, manaʻo ka hapa nui ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli e like me ka manaʻo o kēlā me kēia.
Hiki iā ia ke hāpai palekana ʻia e ka piko o ka huelo me ka makaʻu ʻole no ke olakino, hoʻihoʻi ʻia, a i ka manawa like ʻaʻole makemake ia e hana i kahi helehelena kūpilikiʻi. Akā ʻo ka hoʻomāʻewaʻewa i ka nahesa he makemake nui ʻole ia, no ka mea noho lōʻihi ia i ka huhū a ʻaʻole paha he hiki ke "hele i kahi ʻaelike" me ia.
I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka waipaʻi Gabonese ka niho lōʻihi loa, piha i ka lāʻau make. Ke nānā nei kiʻi o ka moonihoawa hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kolo.
ʻ. ʻAʻole nā moʻo nā nāhesa o nā moonihoawa. Hoʻokaʻawale nahesa mai moonihoawa hiki i nā ʻalani ʻalani ke waiho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. Eia kekahi, he mau haumana puni ko lākou o nā maka, a i loko o nā ʻano i hōʻike ʻia ma mua, a i nā mea ʻē aʻe āpau, ua ʻikiʻī ʻia ka haumana a kū i luna.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe ʻano zigzag o kēia ʻano moʻo ma ka hope. ʻOiai ʻo ke kala o ka nahesa wai e like loa me ke kala o ka moonihoawa, no ka mea he nui nā mea e huikau ai ka hoʻonohonoho kūpikipiki ʻana o nā kiko me ke ʻano meandering ma ka pali.
I ke kiʻi, he moʻo wai, a ma muli o ke kala like, ua huikau pinepine ʻia me nā moonihoawa ʻawaʻawa
Akā i kahi kokoke, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ua keʻakeʻa ʻia nā kiko, a mai hana i zigzag non-intermittent. Mai ke poʻo a ka wēlau o ka huelo, hoʻopili ʻo ia a kaulike ke poʻo triangular no ia.
Hānai ʻai Viper
Ma ke kūlohelohe, he moʻo nā ʻano nāhesa āpau. Hiki iā lākou ke ale i ka mea pio a pau, ʻaʻole wale i nā rodent a me nā manu liʻiliʻi, akā i nā holoholona nui e like me ka hares a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka mea pio ma mua o ke kino o ka mea kolo, i pale ʻole ai i ka nahesa mai ka ale ʻana iā ia holoʻokoʻa.
Hiki i ka viper ke hana i kēlā mau hana ma muli o nā hui kūikawā o ka iwi ā. ʻO ke kinona o ka iwi ā lalo e ʻae iā ia e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i mua a laila hoʻi i kāna kūlana mua.
Hoʻohui ʻia, pili nā ʻāpana o nā ā i ka ʻae a, inā pono, hiki ke hoʻohuli maʻalahi i nā ʻaoʻao.
ʻO ka hoʻohui waiwai o ka viper ma muli o kona wahi noho. Makemake mau lākou i nāʻiole a me nā rana no ka ʻaina awakea. Akā ʻo nā moa nā meaʻai punahele a ka nahesa. Hoʻohui ʻia nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, amphibians a me nā moʻo i kēia papa inoa. Hoihoi loa ke nānā aku i ka moʻo kolohe i ka wā e ʻimi holoholona nei.
ʻO ka mea pio nui o nā mooniho steppe nā rodents a me nā kolo. Piʻi kūpono i nā kumulāʻau, ʻaʻole paʻakikī iā lākou ke nānā i nā pūnana manu, a me nā hale manu e loaʻa i kā lākou mea momona punahele ma laila - nā moa. Nanea pū lākou i nā hua manu. Eia nō naʻe, makemake kēia nahesa e hoʻopīpī iā ia iho me kahi mea ʻono i ke ʻano o nā ungulate waena.
ʻO ka viper Gabonese he mea hahai holoholona ma ke ʻano. Lawe ia i kahi i kahi hoʻohālua, kali a hiki i ke ahiahi ʻana a i ka wā e hoʻokokoke aku ai ka holoholona mehana i ka mamao i koi ʻia, e hoʻolei iā ia iho a ale iā ia holoʻokoʻa. Makemake ʻo ia e ʻai i nā mongoose, nā hares a me nā kamaʻāina ʻē aʻe o kāna pae. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻowahāwahā e ʻono i ka antelope dwarf, i hele hewa aʻe mai ka ʻohana.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hana ke kau moʻo no nā nahesa i ka puna - ka hapa nui i Mei. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i ka moʻo kope, e like me nā mea kolo ʻē aʻe o ka papa kolo, pili i ka wā a me nā pae mai ʻekolu mau mahina a i nā mahina ʻeono. ʻO ka mea kupanaha loa, i kekahi manawa hiki i kahi nahesa hāpai ke hibernate.
Hānau lākou i nā keiki he 10-20 o ko lākou ʻano iho. Ke hānau ʻia lākou, e hoʻoilina koke lākou i ka lāʻau make mai ko lākou mau mākua mai. I kekahi mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, molt kekahi poʻe ʻōpio. Hiki ke nānā ʻia kahi manawa hoihoi i ka wā hānau.
I ke kiʻi, ka hānau ʻana o kahi nahesa viviparous
Hoʻopuni ka wahine i ka lāʻau, a hāʻule pololei nā keiki hānau i ka lepo. Noho nā ʻōpae i nā ʻōpala ulu a i ʻole nā lua, e hānai i nā mea kolo. Hiki i ka moʻo ke hoʻomaka e hoʻohua ma kahi makahiki hanohano no nā mea kolo - ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki. Ua makua kāne nā kāne ma 4 mau makahiki.
ʻO ke ola o nā moonihoawa i ke ʻano he 10 mau makahiki ma ka awelika. Hoʻomaka ka hānau ʻana o nā vipers steppe i ka makahiki 3. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o ke ola ma mua o nā moonihoawa, 7-8 mau makahiki wale nō. ʻO ka viper Gabonese, e like me nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia, he viviparous.
ʻO nā kāne, e like me nā keonimana ʻoiaʻiʻo, mai nahu kekahi i kekahi ma ka wā o ka noho aloha. ʻO ka manawa hānau ma kahi o 12 mau mahina. Hiki iā ia ke hana mai 10 a 40 cubs i ka honua.
