ʻO Agrocenosis

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ʻO ke kaiaolaola ka pilina o ka nohona a me ke ʻano ola ʻole, nona nā meaola a me ko lākou wahi e noho ai. ʻO ke ʻōnaehana kaiaola kahi pale kaulike nui a me ka pilina e ʻae iā ʻoe e mālama i ka heluna kanaka o nā ʻano mea ola. I ko mākou manawa, aia nā kaiaolaola kūlohelohe a anthropogenic. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou ka mea mua i hana ʻia e nā ikaika o ke kūlohelohe, a ʻo ka lua me ke kōkua o ke kanaka.

Ka waiwai o ka agrocenosis

ʻO Agrocenosis kahi kaiaolaola i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā lima kanaka i mea e loaʻa ai nā mea kanu, nā holoholona a me nā lau. Kāhea ʻia ʻo Agrocenosis agroecosystem. ʻO nā laʻana o ka agrocenosis:

  • ʻāpala a me nā māla ʻē aʻe;
  • nā māla o ke kulina a me ka sunflower;
  • hanai holoholona o na bipi a me na hipa;
  • na pawaina;
  • māla mea kanu.

ʻO ke kāne, ma muli o ka ʻoluʻolu o kāna mau pono a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka heluna kanaka, ua koi ʻia e loli a luku i nā kaiaola kūlohelohe. I mea e noʻonoʻo pono ai a hoʻonui i ka nui o nā mea kanu mahiʻai, hana nā kānaka i nā agroecosystems. I kēia mau lā, 10% o nā ʻāina āpau i loaʻa i ka ʻāina no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, a me 20% - nā wahi hānai.

Ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kaiaola kūlohelohe a me ka agrocenosis

ʻO nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o agrocenosis a me nā kaiaola kūlohelohe:

  • ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea kanu i hana maʻalahi ʻia ke hoʻokūkū i ka hakakā ʻana i nā laha hihiu o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona;
  • ʻAʻole i hoʻopili ʻia nā agroecosystems i ka hoʻōla ʻana iā ia iho, a hilinaʻi piha i ke kanaka a me ka ʻole o lākou e nāwaliwali koke ai a make;
  • Hāʻawi kahi helu nui o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona o nā ʻano like i ka agroecosystem i ka ulu nui ʻana o nā mea hoʻomaʻi, nā koʻohune a me nā mea ʻino weliweli;
  • i ke kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lāhui ʻokoʻa, ʻokoʻa i nā moʻomeheu ulu kanaka.

Pono e hoʻolālā i nā mahiʻai mahiʻai i lalo o ka mana o ke kanaka. ʻO ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka agrocenosis ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana i nā heluna o nā mea pests a me nā fungi, kahi e hōʻeha ʻole ai i ka mea kanu, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hōʻino i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻonui ka nui o ka moʻomeheu i kahi agrocenosis ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i:

  • ka nāhelehele a me ka kaohi pest;
  • kaʻauwai o nā ʻāina maloʻo;
  • hoʻomaloʻo i ka ʻāina wai;
  • ke kuapo o nā ʻano hua;
  • nā mea momona me nā meaola a me nā mea mineral.

I ke kaʻina o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi agroecosystem, ua kūkulu kahi kanaka i nā ʻanuʻu hana āpau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kaiaolaola. Kaulana nui ia ka hana hou ʻana o ka lepo - kahi ana nui e ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe i mea e loaʻa ai ka pae hāʻawi kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻO kahi ʻepekema pololei wale nō, ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana o ka lepo, nā pae wai a me nā mea momona mineral hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hana o kahi agrocenosis i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me kahi kaiaolaola kūlohelohe.

Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka agrocenosis

He mea nui ia no ka lāhui e mālama i ke kaulike o ka agro- a me nā kaiaolaola kūlohelohe. Hoʻokumu ka poʻe i nā agroecosystems e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka meaʻai a hoʻohana iā ia no ka ʻoihana meaʻai. Eia nō naʻe, koi ʻia ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā agroecosystems artific i nā panalāʻau hou, no laila ʻoki pinepine ka poʻe i nā ululāʻau, hānai i ka ʻāina a luku i nā kaiaolaola kūlohelohe. Hoʻopilikia kēia i ke kaulike o nā holoholona hihiu a mahi ʻia a me nā mea kanu.

Hoʻokani ʻia ka lua o nā kuleana maikaʻi ʻole e nā pesticides, kahi e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai e kaohi i nā mea hoʻomake insect i nā agroecosystems. ʻO kēia mau kemika, ma o ka wai, lewa a me nā mea make insect, komo i nā kaiaolaola kūlohelohe a hoʻohaumia iā lākou. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā mea momona no nā agroecosystems ke kumu o ka haumia o nā kino wai a me ka wai lepo.

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E nānā i ka wikiō: Is it possible to create a model refuge of agrobiodiversity - Denise Dostatny (Nowemapa 2024).