Nui a hewahewa nā pilikia o ka nohona ma Ukraine, a ʻo ka mea nui ka hoʻohaumia o ka biosystem. Hana nui kahi ʻoihana ʻoihana i ka ʻāina, kahi kumu o ka haumia. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka mahiʻai, kahi nui o nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpala hale paʻa e hoʻopōʻino ai i ke kaiapuni.
Haumia ea
I ka wā o ka hana kemika, metallurgical, lānahu, ikehu, nā hale hana mīkini a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kaʻa, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea ʻino i ka lewa.
- hydrocarbons;
- kēpau;
- sulfur dioxide;
- kalapona monoxide;
- dioxide ʻokikene.
Ka lewa haumia loa i ke kūlanakauhale o Kamenskoye. ʻO nā wahi noho me ka ea haumia pū kekahi me Dnieper, Mariupol, Krivoy Rog, Zaporozhye, Kiev, etc.
Ka hoʻohaumia Hydrosphere
Nui nā pilikia o ka ʻāina i ka waiwai wai. Nui nā muliwai a me nā loko i hoʻohaumia ʻia me ka wai lulu home a ʻoihana, nā ʻōpala, ka ua waikawa. Pēlā nō, nā dam, nā meakanu uila a me nā hanana ʻē aʻe e hoʻokau i ka wai i nā kino wai, a alakaʻi kēia i kahi hoʻololi o nā kaawai kahawai. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana wai a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoliʻiliʻi e hoʻohana ʻia e nā pono o ka lehulehu i hala ʻole i ka lā, ʻo ia ke kumu e pinepine ai nā pōpilikia, nā kahe a me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waiwai. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, no laila, ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, pono ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia me nā kānana a i ʻole ma ka paila ʻana.
Nā kino wai hoʻohaumia ʻia o Ukraine:
- Dnieper;
- Nā Donets Seversky;
- Kalmius;
- Pepelu Komohana.
Hoʻohaʻahaʻa lepo
ʻO ka pilikia o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻāina ʻana i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole emi iki. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, momona loa ka lepo o Ukraine, ʻoiai ka hapa nui o ka ʻāina i uhi ʻia me ka honua ʻeleʻele, akā ʻo ka hopena o ka hana mahiʻai a me ka hoʻohaumia nui, ua pau ka lepo. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe loea i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka momona i kēlā me kēia makahiki a me ka mānoanoa o ka papa humus e emi ai. ʻO ka hopena, alakaʻi kēia i nā hopena aʻe:
- hoʻoneʻe lepo;
- lepo salinization;
- ka ʻaʻai ʻana o ka ʻāina e ka wai lepo;
- luku ʻia o nā kaiaola.
ʻAʻole nā pilikia kaiaola a pau o Ukraine i hōʻike ʻia ma luna. ʻO kahi laʻana, kū ka ʻāina i kahi pilikia nui o ka ʻōpala o ka home, ka wao nahele a me ka pohō o nā meaola. ʻO nā hopena o ka pahū ma ka hale mana nukelea ʻo Chernobyl ka mea nui. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kūlana o ke kaiapuni i ka ʻāina, pono e hoʻololi i ka hoʻokele waiwai, e hoʻohana i nā ʻenehana ʻenehana a hana i nā hana kaiapuni.
