ʻAʻole mahalo nui ʻia nā hulu Volushka i nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻo Finilana, Lūkia a me Ukraine, kahi i makemake nui ʻia ai nā fungus a nui nā inoa kūloko, akā hoʻohālikelike lākou āpau i ka waiwai nui e hāʻawi i ka inoa o ka mushroom - nā pōʻai concentric wavy ma ka pāpale.
ʻIke ʻia nā mea ʻohi Mushroom i nā helu he nui i ka birch a me nā ulu lāʻau a hiki i ʻOkakopa. Nā nalu maoli:
- keʻokeʻo;
- ākala.
Nā ʻano nalu maʻamau:
- ākala;
- paepae;
- keʻokeʻo;
- maeele;
- ʻeleʻele;
- violin.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻolālā kala, ʻike ʻia nā nalu e ke anawaena o ka pale pāpale. Kūleʻa ka mushroom i ka mea e hūnā ai ke kino hua i kahi waiū momona e ʻaʻā ana, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā nalu.
No ke aha pono nā nalu
He nui kā lākou:
- squirrel;
- nā minelala;
- ʻākoʻakoʻa;
- ʻakika amino;
- nā antioxidants;
- nā wikamina;
- nā provitamins;
- lecithin.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā nalu he mea pono no ka naʻau a me nā kīʻaha koko, ka hoʻokau ʻana. Nā mea hana biologically:
- e hoʻokūpaʻa i nā pae glucose;
- hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kīʻaha koko;
- hoʻokuʻu i ka luhi;
- hoʻoikaika i nā aʻalolo;
- normalize ke koko;
- hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka lauoho a me ka ʻili;
- loaʻa nā anti anti stress;
- kākoʻo pale kaua;
- hoʻoulu i ka lolo,
- hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻike.
Hōʻale nā nalu haʻahaʻa-calorie i ka nui o ke kaupaona me ka ʻole o ka wī wī, e kani ai ke kino no kahi ola hana.
Na wai nā nalu e hoʻopōʻino. Hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mushroom
ʻO ka poʻe me ka cholecystitis a hemo i ka gallbladder, pancreatitis, haʻahaʻa acidity o ka palena wai gastric a i ʻole hoʻopau loa i ka fungus mai ka papaʻai. Ma hope o ka kuke ʻana, nalowale nā kino hua i ko lākou ʻawaʻawa. Akā, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi ka waiū waiū o ka volushka i ka hoʻohui, hoʻonāukiuki ia i nā membrane mucous.
ʻO nā keiki ma lalo o 3 mau makahiki ʻaʻohe ona enzymes i loko o ke kino e ʻae iā lākou e ʻeli i nā ʻalalā, ʻaʻole wale nā nalu. Ma ke ʻano laulā, palekana ia a me ka momona o ka mushroom inā ʻoe e hāhai i nā lula maʻamau o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe gastronomic.
Pehea e hana ai i nā nalu ma mua o ka kuke ʻana
Ma ke kahua o ka hōʻino, hūnā nā mea kanu i ka waiū caustic. Hoʻopau ia i ka ʻono o kahi pā, hoʻonāukiuki i ka gastrointestinal a i ʻole lāʻau make. ʻAʻole mālama ka wela i ka wai wai waiu waiu. No laila, pono ʻoe e akahele i ka wā e ʻohiʻohi ʻana i nā fungus, e hoʻohui wale i nā nalu e ʻai ʻia a i ʻole ke ʻano i ka pā.
Hoʻopau i ka ʻono ʻawaʻawa e ka palu ʻana a i ʻole ka paila ʻana.
Pulu
Hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka volnushki, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā pāpale o nā ʻōpala pili, a hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai maʻemaʻe. Haʻalele. I ke kaʻina hana, hoʻololi ʻia ka wai i kēlā me kēia 5 hola, hoʻokahe ʻia ka wai kahiko. A laila holoi pono me ka wai holo. Hoʻomo hou ʻia lākou i loko o ka wai anuanu. No kēlā me kēia lita o ka wai e hoʻohui i 10 mau paʻakai o ka paʻakai a i ʻole 2 gram o ka waikawa citric. Hoʻopulu ʻia ka hua no 2 mau lā a ʻoi. I ka pae hope loa, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ʻūlū me kahi palaki, holoi hou ʻia ma lalo o ka wai holo.
He aha nā ipu i hana ʻia mai nā nalu
ʻOno ʻo Volnushka, akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hoʻomākaukau. E wehe i ka ʻawaʻawa, e hoʻopulu no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka wai paʻakai, a laila:
- ninini marinade;
- paila;
- paʻa hau.
Ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono wela, mālama ka nalu i ke ʻano o ke kino hua a me nā waiwai. Mālama ʻia nā pūlehu me nā ʻakaʻakai a me ka kirīmi kawa. Hana ʻia nā sausa mai ka volvushki saturate i kaʻiʻo a me nā meaʻai me ka ʻala mushroom.
Nā ʻale nalu
Lau lauoho ʻākala
Ua palahalaha ka mushroom ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻApelika, ʻAsia, ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika. Pink mycorrhiza me nā kumulāʻau like ʻole i nā ululāʻau i kāwili ʻia, ʻo ka pinepine me ka birch, e ulu ʻē ma ka honua a i ʻole nā hui. Hoʻonui waiwai ʻia ia no kona ʻono pungent a ʻai ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau kūpono ʻana ma Rūsia a me Finilana; hoʻonāukiuki ia i ka ʻōnaehana digestive ke ʻai maoli ʻia. Hoʻopau ʻia nā toxine kuleana no ka ʻono oha i ka wā o ke kuke ʻana.
He pāpale
Convex me kahi kaumaha waena, a i 10 cm ke anawaena. ʻO kona kala he hui o nā poni a me nā aka ocher, i kekahi manawa me nā ʻāpana pouli ʻeleʻele. Hoʻopili ʻia ka lihi i loko a huluhulu i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻōpio.
ʻO Insewela
Pāloli, mānoanoa, pili pono i kekahi me kekahi.
Ka wāwae
Kākoʻo keʻokeʻo-Cylindrical me kahi papa downy, a 8 cm ka lōʻihi a 0.6-2 cm ka mānoanoa. Ke ʻoki a hōʻino ʻia paha, hūnā nā kino hua i ka wai keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻololi i ke kala ma lalo o ka mana o ka ea.
ʻO Thresher
Hana i kahi palapala mycorrhizal me nā birch i nā wahi pulu. Makemake i ka lepo ʻakika ma nā wahi weuweu ākea ma ka lihi o ka ululāʻau a i ʻole ka wao akua, ma mua o ka hohonu o ka ululāʻau nui. Kū hoʻokahi ia a i nā hui liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ka hapa nui o ʻEulopa, ʻApelika ʻĀkau a me nā ʻāpana o ʻAsia a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
Pāpale
5 a 15 knm ke anawaena, convex, a laila pololei, kū mai kahi kaumaha liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, shaggy nā pōpō melemele a me nā poni, ʻoi aku ma ko lākou mau kihi kihi, a he mau pōʻai concentric pouli, ʻike nui ʻia i ke kikowaena; nalo kēia zoning i nā kino hua hua makua. Ma lalo o ka cutag shaggy, kahi ʻili keʻokeʻo momona, nāwaliwali.
ʻO Insewela
Pōkole, kū i lalo, kū ākea i nā gills ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo e puka i ka waiū keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo paha inā ʻino, ʻaʻole ia e loli i ke kala ke maloʻo.
Ka wāwae
Ke anawaena mai 1 a 2 cm a me ke kiʻekiʻe mai 4 a 8 cm, paukūʻolokaʻa, paler ma mua o ka pāpale. ʻO nā wāwae o nā haki ʻōpio he pubescent a paʻakikī; i ka ulu ʻana o ke kino hua, lilo lākou i laumania a puha. ʻAʻohe apo koʻokoʻo.
Nalu keʻokeʻo
Ke ulu nei kēia mushroom ma lalo o kahi lāʻau birch. ʻO kona waihoʻoluʻu keʻokeʻo a me ka pāpale huluhulu pono e ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona. ʻIke ʻia ka whitethroat (ma ka hapa nui i nā lau nahele) i ka hapa nui o ʻAmelika a me nā wahi he nui o ʻAmelika Hema. Kākaʻikahi ka fungus, akā kahi e hana ai, hōʻiliʻili ka mea ʻohi fungus i kahi ʻumikūmālua a ʻoi paha mau mea kikoʻī.
Pāpale
ʻO ke anawaena 5 a 15 knm, convex a laila kaumaha loa, ʻo nā ʻāpana melemele melemele a mae a me nā ʻāpana pink pink concentric a me kahi ʻāpana brownish brown i ke kikowaena. Ma lalo o ka shaggy cuticle aia kahi ʻili keʻokeʻo momona a palupalu.
ʻO Insewela
Keʻokeʻo, pōkole, e iho ana ma ka peduncle, ʻāpana salemona iki, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka wai keʻokeʻo ke wā ʻino.
Ka wāwae
Ke anawaena 10 a 23 mm a me ke kiʻekiʻe 3 a 6 knm, maʻamau i ka lepa ʻana i ke kumu.
Pōlū wahine wiwi (marsh, sluggish milky)
Ke ulu nei ka mushroom brown dull ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau birch ma ka hapa nui o ʻEulopa o ka ululāʻau i nā ululāʻau momona, hikina ʻo ʻAsia a me nā ʻāpana o ʻAmelika Hema.
Pāpale
Pakuhi 4 a 8 cm, convex a laila kaumaha i waenakonu, pale poni-hina a hina hina, pīpī ke pulu. Ma lalo o ka cuticle o ka pāpale, keʻokeʻo a mae paha ka ʻiʻo, palupalu.
ʻO Insewela
Pākuʻi ʻia a ʻoki pōkole ʻia, keʻokeʻo a melemele paha, ʻeleʻele i ka wā i hōʻino ʻia, hūnā i ka waiū keʻokeʻo, a inā maloʻo, lilo i hina hina
Ka wāwae
5 a 10 mm i ke anawaena a 5 a 7 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻoluʻolu a me nā paukūʻolokaʻa, maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi e haki.
Milky brownish
Ulu nā kino hua ma ka ʻāina i nā ululāʻau deciduous ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻAkau, ʻAsia ma ke awāwa ʻo Kashmir, ʻInia, Kina a me Iapana.
ʻO Insewela
ʻO ke kala ʻōlani momona, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kala ma ke kumu.
Pāpale
Convex a pālahalaha paha, i kekahi manawa me kahi kaumaha liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, 4.5-12.5 cm ke anawaena. Ua maloʻo ka ʻili, paheʻe, velvety ʻano. I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia nā pelu liʻiliʻi i waenakonu, a me nā groove ʻole ma ke kaʻe o nā hiʻohiʻona makua. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu mai i ka lahilahi i ka brown brown, i kekahi manawa me nā kiko ʻeleʻele a me ka lihi māmā.
Ka wāwae
Cylindrical, 4-8.5 cm ka lōʻihi a 1-2 cm ka mānoanoa, e hoʻopili ana i ke kumu. ʻO ke ʻano e like me ka pāpale kapu, akā he waihoʻoluʻu paler a keʻokeʻo ʻo ia ma luna. Mānoanoa a kūpaʻa hoʻi ka pulp, keʻokeʻo, ʻike ʻia nā kiko ma nā pūnaewele o ka pōʻino. White keʻokeʻo waiū, a pinkish i ka wā maloʻo.
Ka mea hoʻokani pila
ʻIke ʻia kēia mushroom nui a i ʻole i nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā nāhelehele deciduous a hui pū. ʻO kaʻiʻo keʻokeʻo mānoanoa paʻakikī a pungent, ʻoi aku ka palupalu o ka waiū waiū.
Hoʻolahalaha ākea a maʻa mau i nā ululāʻau deciduous a me ka huikau a puni ʻo Pelekane a me ʻIlani, kahi e hua ai nā hua i nā nui he nui, loaʻa kēia wai wai wai nui ma ʻEulopa holoʻokoʻa, mai Scandinavia a i ke Kaiwaenahonua. ʻAʻole wau i ʻike i kekahi ʻano mea hou e pili ana i kēia lāhui i loaʻa ma ʻAmelika Hema.
Pāpale
I ka manawa e wehe piha ʻia ai ka pāpale, ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi a wāwahi ʻia. Pakuhi mai 10 a 25 cm (i kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 cm). Kuhi mua ia, akā lilo koke ia i ke kaumaha. ʻO ka keʻokeʻo mua, a laila melemele a me nā hope keleawe, uhi ʻia me nā olonā huluhulu maikaʻi.
ʻO Insewela
Pololei, ma mua i ke keʻokeʻo, akā ʻeleʻele koke, poni ʻia pinepine. Inā hōʻino ʻia nā gills, hoʻonui lākou i ka waiū keʻokeʻo ʻono māmā.
Ka wāwae
Kala like i ke ala like me ka pāpale, paukūʻolokaʻa a i ʻole ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kumu, 2 a 4 cm i ke anawaena a 4 a 7 cm ka lōʻihi.
Nalu hoʻopunipuni hiki ʻole ke ʻai ʻia
Hoʻohālikelike nā pāpālua weliweli no nā kānaka i nā mea ʻai i waho e ʻai ʻia, akā ʻaʻole like me nā nalu e ʻai mau ʻia, ʻoiai ma hope o ke kuke ʻana he mea ʻawahia ia, a ʻo ka mea ʻai e hoʻopau i ka mālama nui, ʻaʻole i kahi gastroenterologist.
Milky kanakolu
Ke ulu nei i kahi hou o ka hou, akā ʻaʻole mau ka wai wai ma mycorrhiza me ka birch.
Pāpale
Hiki i 60 mm ke anawaena, ʻalani poni. ʻO ke kinona he funnel pālahalaha, i kekahi manawa me kahi protrusion kikowaena ʻike ʻia. Kulou ikaika ka lihi. ʻIke (ʻoi loa i ka ʻili o nā kino hua hua.) ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu he poni-ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā pōʻaiʻeleʻele, ʻo ka pōʻaiʻeleʻele ma waena, e hoʻomālamalama i ka lihi.
Leg 20-60 x 8-12 mm, paukūʻolokaʻa, paukū ʻia, ʻōhule, matte, ʻano like me ka pāpale. Pāpī ka ʻiʻo a ʻala maikaʻi kona hua. ʻAno palupalu ka waiū keʻokeʻo a lilo i ʻoi loa ma hope o kekahi manawa.
Pāpala ʻo Miller
ʻO kahi kēpau puʻupuʻu i waihoʻoluʻu ʻia, kahi momona momona i loaʻa ma lalo o nā lāʻau beech i ka hapa nui o ka ʻāina nui ʻo ʻEulopa.
Pāpale
ʻŌmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo hina a hina hina, i kekahi manawa me kahi aniani ʻalani, me ka wai ʻeleʻele, nā apo kaumaha a me nā kiko, convex, kahi ulu waena liʻiliʻi e ulu ana, 4 a 9 cm i ke anawaena. Mucous i ka wā ua pulu.
ʻO Insewela
Nui, keʻokeʻo, huli holika, holika-melemele ke ʻoki ʻia. Ke hōʻino ʻia, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi nui o ka waiū keʻokeʻo, ke maloʻo e hina.
Ka wāwae
Hinahina Pale, paukūʻolokaʻa a i ʻole ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kumu, ka lōʻihi mai 3 a 7 cm, ke anawaena mai 0.9 a 2 cm. ʻAʻohe apo ring. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka ʻono o ka mushroom mai ka pepa ʻulaʻula.
Hepatic lactic acid (ʻawaʻawa)
Loaʻa ia i nā helu he nui ma lalo o nā spruces, pine, birch ma nā wahi me ka lepo acidic i ka hapa nui o ka ʻāina nui ʻo ʻEulopa, ma ʻAmelika Hema.
Pāpale
4 i ka 10 cm ke anawaena, ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele a me ka maloʻo, matte, pili iki i ka wā wai pulu. I ka mua, convex, lawe ia i ke kinona o ke funnel ke oʻo ke kino hua. ʻO ka pinepine, ke hoʻonui ka pāpale i kahi funnel, ʻike ʻia kahi umbrella kikowaena liʻiliʻi.
ʻO Insewela
Pāʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula, haʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia, ʻike pinepine ʻia, a lilo i spotty ke ulu a makua. Ke hōʻino ʻia, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi waiū keʻokeʻo wai, ʻono palupalu ia i ka mua, akā ma hope lilo ʻawaʻawa loa a ʻeha hoʻi.
Ka wāwae
Ke anawaena mai 5 a 20 mm a me ke kiʻekiʻe mai 4 a 9 cm, ʻoluʻolu a me ke kala like me ka pāpale, a i ʻole paler iki. ʻAʻohe apo koʻokoʻo.
Poisoning me ka nalu. Nā ʻōuli a me nā hōʻailona
Pinepine kanaka:
- e uhaʻi i nā lula no ka hana ʻana i nā hua hou i wae ʻia;
- ʻaʻole kope kūpono nā mea hoʻohui;
- mai ukali i nā meaʻai kuke;
- poina lākou he pilikia ko lākou me ka ʻōpū a me nā mea kūloko ʻē aʻe.
I kēia mau hihia āpau, loaʻa nā mea ʻai i nā maʻi ʻōpū, ʻona mālie a kaulike paha.
Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli a me nā hōʻailona o ka lāʻau make kamake ma hope o 1-6 mau hola. Maʻi ke kanaka, ʻōpua, ʻeha ka ʻōpū. Kū ke kūlana i 1-2 mau lā, a laila hoʻomaka ke kala.
I mea e hōʻemi ai i ke ʻano, hāʻawi lākou i nā sorbents, hāʻawi i kahi enema, hoʻoulu i ka luaʻi. ʻO kēia ke kōkua mua. E hoʻomaopopo pono e kāhea aku i ka maʻi maʻi lele, kahi a lākou e lawe ai i nā hoʻokolohua a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau.
