Buffalo ʻApelika He holoholona ikaika, ikaika a ikaika loa ia. Ma ʻApelika, nui ka poʻe e make i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma muli o kahi hoʻouka buffalo. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kēia mau ungulate i ka mana a me ka weliweli wale nō i nā crocodiles nui o Nile a me nā hippos. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia me ka mana a me ka weliweli, maʻalahi ia. ʻO ia ka lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o nā ungulate e kū nei. Kāhea ʻia nā buffalo ʻeleʻele ʻĀpelika nā buffaloes kaffir.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: buffalo ʻApelika
ʻO ka buffalo ʻApelika kahi lunamakaʻāinana o chammate artiodactyl mammals. Pili i ka ʻohana o nā bovids, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kahi subfamily a me ka genus ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea mua o ka buffalo ʻApelika o kēia manawa he holoholona hū ʻole i like me ka wildebeest.
Aia ka holoholona ma ka panalāʻau o ʻAsia i kēia mau makahiki he 15 miliona i hala. Mai iā ia mai ka laina bovine ʻo Simatheriuma. Ma kahi o 5 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua kū mai kahi ungulate kahiko o ka genus Ugandax. I ka manawa mua o ka Pleistocene, ua iho mai kahi genoc kahiko, ʻo Syncerus. ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hāpai i ka buffalo ʻApelika hou.
Me ke ʻano o ka buffalo kahiko ma ka ʻāina o ʻApelika hou, ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 90 mau ʻano o kēia mau holoholona hanohano. Nui loa ko lākou wahi noho. Noho lākou a puni ka ʻāina ʻApelika holoʻokoʻa. Hui pū ʻia ma Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia.
Ma hope iho, ua hoʻopau ʻia lākou e ke kanaka, a i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻāina ua kipaku ʻia lākou mai ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa o ka Sahara, a ma nā mea liʻiliʻi i koe wale nō i nā wahi hema. Hiki iā lākou ke mahele ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻelua: savannah a me ka nahele. Hoʻokaʻawale ka mea mua i ka loaʻa ʻana o 52 chromosome, a ʻo ka lua he 54 chromosome.
Noho nā mea mana a nui loa hoʻi ma ka hikina a me ka hema o ka ʻāina ʻApelika. Noho nā poʻe liʻiliʻi i nā ʻāpana ʻākau. ʻO ka ʻāina waena ka home o nā lāhui liʻiliʻi loa, ka buffalo pygmy i kapa ʻia. I ka Middle Ages, aia kekahi mau mea kōkua ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAitiopa - ka buffalo mauna. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ua nalowale loa.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: buffalo ʻApelika holoholona
Hoʻonani ka hiʻohiʻona o ka buffalo ʻApelika me kona mana a me kona mana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia holoholona i 1.8-1.9 mau mika. ʻO 2.6 ka lōʻihi o ke kino. Hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine a ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o nā kāne.
Ehia na kaumaha o ka buffalo Aferika?
ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino o hoʻokahi kanaka makua a hiki i 1000 kilogram, a ʻoi aku. He mea nui ia e loaʻa i kēia mau ungulate ke kaumaha o ke kino i ko lākou ola.
ʻO ka makahiki ka buffalo, ʻoi aku ke kaupaona. He huelo loloa a lahilahi ko nā holoholona. ʻO kona lōʻihi he ʻaneʻane o ka hapakolu o ka lōʻihi o ke kino a like ia me 75-100 cm. ʻO ke kino o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana bovids ikaika, ikaika loa. Liʻiliʻi nā lālā akā ikaika loa. Pono kēia e kākoʻo i ke kaumaha o ke kino o ka holoholona. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao mua o ke kino ka nui a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka hope, no laila ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o nā lālā i mua o ka hope.
Video: Buffalo ʻApelika
Hoʻohaʻahaʻa iki ʻia ke poʻo e pili ana i ka laina o ka iwi kuamoo, ʻike ʻia he haʻahaʻa ke kau ʻana. Loaʻa iā ia kahi elongated, ʻano huinahā. ʻO nā leka pono nā pepeiaohao. I nā wahine, ʻaʻole nui lākou e like me nā kāne. I nā kāne, hiki aku lākou i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi. ʻAʻole pololei lākou, akā ʻōwili. Ma kahi o ka lae, ulu pū nā pepeiaohao a hana i kahi pale mānoanoa a ikaika hoʻi. Ma ke poʻo he mau pepeiao liʻiliʻi akā ākea, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa mau ʻia i lalo ma muli o nā pepeiaohao nui.
ʻO kahi pale pale ʻāpana manoanoa ma kahi o nā lawelawe e like me kahi pale kūpaʻa a hiki ke kū i ke kī pū.
He nunui a ʻeleʻele nā maka o nā buffalo ʻApelika ma ke alo o ke poʻo. ʻAneʻane kahe mau nā waimaka mai nā maka, kahi e ʻumeʻume i ka nui o nā ʻelala. He mea hoʻonāukiuki hou kēia i nā holoholona kolohe. Mānoanoa a ʻeleʻele ka lauoho o ka holoholona, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele i ke kala. ʻ roughpala, ʻeleʻele ka ʻili o ka holoholona, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka pale pono ʻana mai nā ʻino mechanical kūwaho.
I nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kala o ke kapa, he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole ʻulaʻula kala. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili o kahi kanaka makua ma mua o 2 centimika! Ma ke kino o nā holoholona makua i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau makahiki, ʻike ʻia nā kiko, kahi e hāʻule ai ka lauoho i ko lākou mau makahiki. ʻAno nui ʻo Ungulate i ka honi a me ka lohe, akā naʻe, nā maka nāwaliwali.
Ma hea e noho ai ka buffalo ʻApelika?
Kiʻi: Buffalo ma ʻApelika
Noho wale nā buffaloes ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻāina ʻApelika. Ma ke ʻano he wahi no ka noho ʻana, koho lākou i kahi e waiwai i nā kumu wai, a me nā wahi hānai, kahi e ulu ai nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo i nā nui. Noho nui lākou i nā ulu lāʻau, savannas, a i ʻole nā kuahiwi. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i nā mauna me kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 2,500 mika.
ʻElua mau kenekulia wale nō i hala, ua noho nā buffaloes ʻApelika i kahi ʻāina nui, me ʻApelika holoʻokoʻa, a aneane 40% o nā ungulate āpau e noho nei i kēia ʻāina. I kēia lā, ua iho nui ka heluna o nā ungulate a ua hoʻemi ʻia kā lākou pae.
Nā wahi hulihonua o ka noho ʻana:
- APELIKA HEMA;
- Anagola;
- Aikiopa;
- Peniana;
- Mozamabika;
- Zimababue;
- Malaui.
Ma ke ʻano he nohona, koho lākou i kahi kūloko i hoʻoneʻe nui ʻia mai nā wahi o ka noho kanaka. Makemake pinepine lākou e noho i nā ululāʻau paʻa, ʻike ʻia e ka nui o nā laʻalāʻau a me nā ulu lāʻau paʻakikī. ʻIke nā holoholona i nā kānaka ma ke ʻano he weliweli.
ʻO ke ana nui no ka wahi a lākou i koho ai ma ke ʻano he wahi noho ka noho ʻana o nā kino wai. Makemake nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana bovine e noho mamao aku ʻaʻole wale mai nā kānaka wale nō, akā, mai nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o ka flora a me nā holoholona.
He mea ʻokoʻa nā lākou e kaʻana like i ka ʻāina, me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā mea koe wale nō nā manu i kapa ʻia nā buffaloes. Mālama lākou i nā holoholona mai nā tikika a me nā mea kolo ʻē aʻe i ke koko. Noho pono nā manu ma ke kua o kēia mau nunui nunui, formidable.
I nā wā o ka wela nui a me ka maloʻo, haʻalele nā holoholona i ko lākou wahi noho a lanakila i nā ʻāina nui i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. Noho nā holoholona mehameha e noho ana ma waho o ka pipi i ka ʻāina like a ʻaneʻane haʻalele ʻole iā ia.
He aha ka mea a ka buffalo ʻApelika e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Buffalo
ʻO nā bovids nā mea ulu lāʻau. ʻO ke kumu meaʻai nui nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole. ʻO nā bipi ʻApelika e manaʻo ʻia he holoholona finicky loa e pili ana i ka meaʻai. Makemake lākou i kekahi ʻano mea kanu. ʻOiai inā nui nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hou a momona hoʻi a puni, e nānā lākou i ka meaʻai a lākou e makemake ai.
I kēlā me kēia lā, ʻai kēlā me kēia mākua i kahi nui o nā mea kanu mea kanu e like me ka liʻiliʻi o 1.5-3% o kona kino iho. Inā liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā, nui ka hōʻemi wikiwiki ʻana o ke kino a me ka nāwaliwali o ka holoholona.
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka meaʻai he ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā ʻano mea kanu succulent e ulu kokoke i nā kino wai. Loaʻa i nā Buffaloes kahi ʻano ʻē i ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū. ʻEhā ona keʻena. I ka hōʻea ʻana o ka meaʻai, hoʻopiha mua ʻia ke keʻena mua. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, hōʻea ka meaʻai i laila, ʻaʻole miki ʻia. A laila regurgitated a kuʻi maikaʻi ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi e hoʻopiha i ke koena o nā keʻena ʻōpū.
ʻAi ka nui o nā buffalo ʻeleʻele i ka pouli. I ka lā e peʻe ai lākou i ka malu o nā ululāʻau, ʻolokaʻa i nā puddles lepo. Hiki iā lākou ke hele i ka lua wai. Pau ke kanaka makua ma kahi o 35-45 liters o ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā. I kekahi manawa, me ka nele o nā lau nahele ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hiki i nā mānoanoa o nā laʻalāʻau ke lilo i kumu waiwai. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻohana nui nā holoholona i kēia ʻano mea kanu me ka wiwo ʻole.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: buffalo ʻApelika holoholona
Ua manaʻo ʻia nā buffaloes ʻApelika he holoholona holoholona. Mālama lākou i nā hui ikaika, hui pū. Aia ka nui o ka pūʻulu i ka wahi i noho ai nā holoholona. Ma nā panalāʻau o nā savannas hāmama, ʻo ka nui o ka nui o nā pua he 20-30 mau poʻo, a i ka wā e noho ana i kahi ulu lāʻau, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka ʻumi. Me ka hoʻomaka o ka wela loa a me ka maloʻo, hoʻohui ʻia nā pūʻā liʻiliʻi i loko o hoʻokahi hui nui. ʻO nā hui like a hiki i ʻekolu haneli poʻo.
ʻEkolu ʻano o nā pūʻulu holoholona:
- Aia i loko o ka pā kau kāne, wahine, keiki bipi ʻōpio.
- ʻO nā kāne kāne makua ma mua o 13 mau makahiki.
- ʻO nā ʻōpio i ka makahiki 4-5 mau makahiki.
Mālama kēlā me kēia kanaka i kāna kuleana i hāʻawi ʻia. Hoʻolahalaha, hoʻopuehu nā kāne kāne a puni ke anapuni a kiaʻi i ka ʻāina i noho ʻia. Inā ʻaʻole makaʻu nā holoholona a ʻaʻohe mea makaʻu, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopuehu i kahi mamao loa. Inā kānalua nā bipi, a makaʻu paha i ka makaʻu, hana lākou i apo apo, ma waenakonu he mau wahine a me nā keiki bipi ʻōpio. Ke hoʻouka kaua ʻia e nā mea hōkai, pale kūpikipiki nā kāne makua āpau i nā lālā nāwaliwali o ka hui.
I ka huhū, makaʻu loa nā bipi kauō. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pepeiaohao nui e like me ka pale ʻana iā ia iho a i ka wā e hoʻouka ana. Ua hōʻeha lākou i kā lākou mea i hōʻino ʻia, hoʻopau lākou iā lākou me ko lākou mau kui, ʻoiai e hehi wāwae ana ia no nā hola he nui, a ʻaʻohe mea i koe o ia mea. Hiki i nā bipi ʻeleʻele ke hoʻomohala i nā wikiwiki - a hiki i 60 km / h, ke mahuka ʻana i kahi alualu, a i ʻole ka hope, alualu i kekahi. Kūʻē nā kāne ʻelemākule me ka ʻohana a alakaʻi i kahi noho kaʻawale. Kūpono loa lākou. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke paio aku i ka pūʻā a hana i kā lākou holoholona ponoʻī.
ʻO nā buffalo ʻeleʻele i ka pō. I ka pōʻeleʻele, puka lākou i waho o nā mānoanoa a hānai a kakahiaka. I ka lā, peʻe lākou mai ka lā wela i loko o nā ululāʻau, lawe i nā ʻauʻau lepo a hiamoe wale paha. Haʻalele nā holoholona i ka nahele no ka hoʻoinu wale ʻana. Koho mau ka pipi i ka ʻāina i kū kokoke i ka waihona wai e like me kona wahi noho. He mea maʻamau ʻole iā ia ke hele ma mua o ʻekolu mau mile mai ka waihona wai.
ʻO nā buffalo ʻAfelika he ʻauʻau kai maikaʻi loa lākou. ʻAʻau maʻalahi lākou i ke kino o ka wai ke neʻe i kahi mamao i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou makemake e hele hohonu i ka wai. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻāina i noho ʻia e kekahi pūʻulu o nā lāʻau ʻōhiu ma mua o 250 mau kilomika kūlike. Ke noho nei i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hāʻawi ka buffalo ʻApelika i kahi leo ʻoi loa. Kūkākūkā nā poʻe o ka ʻāpana like me kekahi ma o ka neʻe ʻana o ke poʻo a me ka hiʻu.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: buffalo ʻApelika
Hoʻomaka ka wā moena no nā buffalo ʻApelika me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Malaki a mau a hiki i ka hopena o ka puna. No ke kūlana alakaʻi i kahi hui, a me ke kuleana e male me ka wahine a lākou e makemake ai, hakakā pinepine nā kāne. ʻOiai ka makaʻu o nā hakakā he weliweli loa, ʻaʻole iki lākou i ka make. I loko o kēia wā, piʻo nui nā bipi kauō, hoʻolei i ko lākou poʻo i luna, a ʻeli i ka honua me ko lākou mau hao. Loaʻa i nā kāne kāne ikaika ka kuleana e male ai. Hana pinepine ʻia i ke komo ʻana o kahi kāne i ka pilina male me kekahi mau wahine i ka manawa hoʻokahi.
Ma hope o ka male ʻana, hānau ʻia nā keiki bipi ma hope o 10-11 mau mahina. Hānau ka wahine wahine ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi bipi keiki. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, haʻalele lākou i ka pipi a nānā i kahi wahi mehameha.
Ke hānau ʻia ka pēpē, palu maikaʻi ka makuahine iā ia. ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi hānau hou he 45-70 kilogram. Ma hope o 40-60 mau minuke ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ua ukali nā keiki bipi i ka makuahine i loko o ka pūʻā. E ulu wikiwiki nā ʻōpala o ka buffalo ʻApelika, hoʻomohala a loaʻa ke kaumaha o ke kino. I loko o ka malama mua o ke ola, inu lākou i ʻelima mau liters o ka waiū o ka waiū i kēlā me kēia lā. Me ka hoʻomaka o ka lua o ka malama o ke ola, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻono i nā meaʻai mea kanu. Pono ka waiū hānai a ʻeono a ʻehiku mau makahiki o ko lākou mau makahiki.
Aia nā keiki ma kahi o ko lākou makuahine a hiki i ko lākou ʻekolu a ʻehā mau makahiki. A laila haʻalele ka makuahine i ka mālama ʻana a me ke kākoʻo ʻana iā lākou. Haʻalele nā kāne i ka pipi i hānau ʻia ai lākou i mea e hana ai i kā lākou ponoʻī, ʻoiai e noho mau ana nā wahine i loko. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kahi buffalo ʻeleʻele he 17-20 mau makahiki. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, hoʻonui ke kali o ke ola i 25-30 mau makahiki, a mālama pū ʻia ka hana hānau.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka buffalo ʻApelika
Kiʻi: buffalo ʻApelika vs liona
He holoholona ikaika a ikaika hoʻi nā buffaloes ʻApelika. Ma kēia mea, he kakaikahi loa ko lākou mau ʻenemi i ko lākou wahi maoli. Hiki i nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana bovids ke holo wiwo ʻole i ka hoʻopakele ʻana i nā mea ʻeha, nā maʻi, nāwaliwali o ka hui.
Nā ʻenemi Buffalo:
- cheetah;
- leopadi;
- hyena ʻike ʻia;
- crocodile;
- he liona.
Hiki ke hāʻawi maʻalahi ʻia nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe i nā ʻenuhe a me nā mea kolo ʻoki koko. Mālama lākou i ka parasitize ma ke kino o nā holoholona, e hoʻoulu ana i nā kaʻina hana. Mai ia mau parasite, hoʻōla ʻia nā buffaloes e nā manu e kau ma ke kua o nā holoholona nui a hānai i kēia mau mea kolo. ʻO kekahi ala e pakele ai i nā parasite ka ʻauʻau ʻana i nā puddles lepo. Ma hope aku, maloʻo ka lepo, olokaʻa a hāʻule. Me ia pū, haʻalele nā parasite āpau a me kā lākou larvae i ke kino o ka holoholona.
ʻO kekahi ʻenemi o ka buffalo hanohano ʻApelika ke kāne a me kāna mau hana. I kēia manawa ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻimi holoholona buffalo, akā ua hoʻopau nā poacher i mua i kēia mau bipi i ka nui no kaʻiʻo, nā pepeiaohao a me nā ʻili.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: buffalo ʻApelika
ʻO ka buffalo ʻApelika ʻaʻole ia he laha laha ʻole a holoholona weliweli paha. Ma kēia mea, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia ma ka puke Red. Wahi a kekahi mau ʻike, i kēia lā aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona poʻo o kēia holoholona i ka honua. I kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka ʻāina ʻApelika, ʻae ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona no ka buffalo.
Aia ka hapa nui o nā buffalo i loko o nā mālama kūlohelohe a me nā pāka aupuni i pale ʻia, no ka laʻana, ma Tanzania, ma ka Kruger National Park ma South Africa, ma Zambia, nā wahi i pale ʻia o ke awāwa ʻo Luangwa.
ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā buffalo ʻeleʻele ʻApelika ma waho o nā pāka aupuni a me nā wahi pale i paʻakikī ʻia e nā hana a ke kanaka a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi nui o ka ʻāina. ʻAʻole ʻae nā lālā o ka ʻohana bovid i ka hana holoholona, ka ʻāina mahiʻai a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kūlana i hoʻololi ʻia o nā wahi e pili ana.
Buffalo ʻApelika manaʻo ʻia he mōʻī piha o ka ʻāina ʻApelika. ʻOiai ke aliʻi koa a koa hoʻi o nā holoholona - ka liona - makaʻu i kēia mau holoholona ikaika, ikaika a mana hoʻi. Kupaianaha maoli ka mana a me ka nui o kēia holoholona. Eia naʻe, ua lilo i mea paʻakikī nona e ola i nā kūlana kūlohelohe o ka nāhelehele.
Ka lā paʻi: 05.02.2019
Lā hou: 16.09.2019 ma 16:34
